{"Entry":{"collection":"psql","key":"cmd-21","name":"\\!","aliases":["\\!"],"metadata":{"aliases":["\\!"],"category":"Scripting and assistance","content_hash":"2362c625f6aab1131045956028f5f0cb1f271cb257cd4421e224ac2d82ac79b6","derived_content_hash":"6e20ced82233ea870538f0b0962a4c47d2dd40eb57e2e04674193897edb5702b","documentation_refresh":{"batch":"20261113","original_source_rev":"","versions":{"14":"14.25","15":"15.20","16":"16.16","17":"17.12","18":"18.7","19":"19rc2"}},"imported_at":"2026-09-30T00:40:44.684183+08:00","name":"\\!","name_zh":"","slug":"cmd-21","summary":"With no argument, escapes to a sub-shell; psql resumes when the sub-shell exits. With an argument, executes the shell command command ."}},"Definition":{"Collection":"psql","Key":"cmd-21","SourceDatabase":"center","Version":"18","SourceTable":"psql_command","SourceKey":"cmd-21","SourceRevision":"1b2d62b4845aa46374f2cb680f95d3392322cc8128646992ae4e18d0e7084915","Facts":{"command":"\\!","comparison_data":{"definition":"With no argument, escapes to a sub-shell; psql resumes when the sub-shell exits. With an argument, executes the shell command command . Unlike most other meta-commands, the entire remainder of the line is always taken to be the argument(s) of \\! , and neither variable interpolation nor backquote expansion are performed in the arguments. The rest of the line is simply passed literally to the shell.","modifiers":[],"signature":"\\! [ command ]","spellings":["\\!"]},"comparison_hash":"12e931069dae84428e0529d1bca04e4516c799f9e7609f50a3606a5ade5a0f5c","description":["With no argument, escapes to a sub-shell; psql resumes when the sub-shell exits. With an argument, executes the shell command command ."],"description_zh":"不带参数时，进入一个子 shell；子 shell 退出后， psql 恢复运行。带参数时，执行 shell 命令 command 。","description_zh_html":"\u003cdd\u003e\u003cp\u003e\n        不带参数时，进入一个子 shell；子 shell 退出后，\u003cspan class=\"application\"\u003epsql\u003c/span\u003e 恢复运行。带参数时，执行 shell 命令 \u003cem class=\"replaceable\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003ecommand\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/em\u003e。\n        \u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\n        与大多数其他元命令不同，该行剩余的全部内容始终被视为\u003ccode class=\"command\"\u003e\\!\u003c/code\u003e的参数，其中不会进行变量插值或反引号扩展。该行剩余内容会原样传给 shell。\n        \u003c/p\u003e\u003c/dd\u003e","documentation_revision":{"inputs":[{"file":"app-psql.html","kind":"same-version-reviewed-manual","locale":"en","sha256":"af50448485df02bdef2b72b8347192ba029c7082b8d0392ecb17db44ad533aaf","version":"18.7"},{"file":"app-psql.html","kind":"same-version-reviewed-manual","locale":"zh-Hans","sha256":"cb475c53a16d9e06358f5e6c9c5649645db92568cfd319f230c62c9f57ae090b","version":"18.7"}],"release":"18.7","runtime_remeasured":false,"source_revision":"pgdoc:b9f0e7232f60f380d642ac9b99226606c254b552"},"facts":[{"label":"Client","value":"psql 18.7"},{"label":"Case-sensitive spelling","value":"\\!"}],"facts_zh":[{"label":"客户端","value":"psql 18.7"},{"label":"区分大小写的写法","value":"\\!"}],"localization":{"documentation_release":"18.7","language":"en","source_language":"en","source_revision":"pgdoc:b9f0e7232f60f380d642ac9b99226606c254b552","status":"same-version-reviewed-manual"},"manual_html":"\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cdl class=\"variablelist\"\u003e\u003cdt id=\"APP-PSQL-META-COMMAND-EXCLAMATION-MARK\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"literal\"\u003e\\! [ \u003cem class=\"replaceable\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003ecommand\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/em\u003e ]\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/span\u003e \u003c/dt\u003e\u003cdd\u003e\u003cp\u003e\n        With no argument, escapes to a sub-shell; \u003cspan class=\"application\"\u003epsql\u003c/span\u003e\n        resumes when the sub-shell exits.  With an argument, executes the\n        shell command \u003cem class=\"replaceable\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003ecommand\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/em\u003e.\n        \u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\n        Unlike most other meta-commands, the entire remainder of the line is\n        always taken to be the argument(s) of \u003ccode class=\"command\"\u003e\\!\u003c/code\u003e, and neither\n        variable interpolation nor backquote expansion are performed in the\n        arguments.  The rest of the line is simply passed literally to the\n        shell.\n        \u003c/p\u003e\u003c/dd\u003e\u003c/dl\u003e\u003c/div\u003e","manual_path":"app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMAND-EXCLAMATION-MARK","modifiers":[],"related":[{"label":"psql command-line options and complete manual","url":"/wiki/tool/psql/?v=18"}],"related_zh":[{"label":"psql 命令行选项及完整手册","url":"/wiki/tool/psql/?v=18"}],"release":{"channel":"stable","evidence_kind":"English manual and source declarations","label":"18.7","major":"18","manifest":{"major":"18","release":"18.7","source_sha256":"441dfae4280cae3e0425e5f876f80559fb0731c140f1aae22b3e5a54d0411bfd","source_url":"https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v18.7/postgresql-18.7.tar.bz2"},"ref":"https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v18.7/postgresql-18.7.tar.bz2","revision":"1b2d62b4845aa46374f2cb680f95d3392322cc8128646992ae4e18d0e7084915","source_sha256":"441dfae4280cae3e0425e5f876f80559fb0731c140f1aae22b3e5a54d0411bfd"},"sections":[],"sections_zh":[],"signature":"\\! [ command ]","sources":[{"anchor":"APP-PSQL-META-COMMAND-EXCLAMATION-MARK","file":"app-psql.html","label":"18.7 English manual · app-psql.html","sha256":"af50448485df02bdef2b72b8347192ba029c7082b8d0392ecb17db44ad533aaf","url":"/docs/18/app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMAND-EXCLAMATION-MARK"}],"spellings":["\\!"],"tables":[{"columns":[{"key":"command","label":"Command"},{"key":"modifiers","label":"Documented suffix modifiers"}],"key":"spellings","rows":[{"command":{"text":"\\!","url":"/wiki/psql/cmd-21/?v=18"},"modifiers":"None listed in this signature"}],"title":"Spellings in this manual definition"}],"tables_zh":[{"columns":[{"key":"command","label":"命令"},{"key":"modifiers","label":"手册中的后缀修饰符"}],"key":"spellings","rows":[{"command":{"text":"\\!","url":"/wiki/psql/cmd-21/?v=18"},"modifiers":"此语法签名未列出"}],"title":"本版手册中的写法"}],"zh_from":"same-version-manual"},"ManualEvidence":{"manual_path":"app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMAND-EXCLAMATION-MARK","release":{"channel":"stable","evidence_kind":"English manual and source declarations","label":"18.7","major":"18","manifest":{"major":"18","release":"18.7","source_sha256":"441dfae4280cae3e0425e5f876f80559fb0731c140f1aae22b3e5a54d0411bfd","source_url":"https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v18.7/postgresql-18.7.tar.bz2"},"ref":"https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v18.7/postgresql-18.7.tar.bz2","revision":"1b2d62b4845aa46374f2cb680f95d3392322cc8128646992ae4e18d0e7084915","source_sha256":"441dfae4280cae3e0425e5f876f80559fb0731c140f1aae22b3e5a54d0411bfd"},"sources":[{"anchor":"APP-PSQL-META-COMMAND-EXCLAMATION-MARK","file":"app-psql.html","label":"18.7 English manual · app-psql.html","sha256":"af50448485df02bdef2b72b8347192ba029c7082b8d0392ecb17db44ad533aaf","url":"/docs/18/app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMAND-EXCLAMATION-MARK"}]},"MeasuredEvidence":{}},"Text":{"Collection":"psql","Key":"cmd-21","SourceDatabase":"center","Version":"18","Locale":"en","Title":"\\!","Summary":"With no argument, escapes to a sub-shell; psql resumes when the sub-shell exits. With an argument, executes the shell command command .","BodyHTML":"\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cdl\u003e\u003cdt id=\"APP-PSQL-META-COMMAND-EXCLAMATION-MARK\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ccode\u003e\\! [ \u003cem\u003e\u003ccode\u003ecommand\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/em\u003e ]\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/span\u003e \u003c/dt\u003e\u003cdd\u003e\u003cp\u003e\n        With no argument, escapes to a sub-shell; \u003cspan\u003epsql\u003c/span\u003e\n        resumes when the sub-shell exits.  With an argument, executes the\n        shell command \u003cem\u003e\u003ccode\u003ecommand\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/em\u003e.\n        \u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\n        Unlike most other meta-commands, the entire remainder of the line is\n        always taken to be the argument(s) of \u003ccode\u003e\\!\u003c/code\u003e, and neither\n        variable interpolation nor backquote expansion are performed in the\n        arguments.  The rest of the line is simply passed literally to the\n        shell.\n        \u003c/p\u003e\u003c/dd\u003e\u003c/dl\u003e\u003c/div\u003e","SourceRevision":"1b2d62b4845aa46374f2cb680f95d3392322cc8128646992ae4e18d0e7084915","ContentHash":"70a81a2f07126dec4e7663fc33df56de582ea84de04e6c61c4799eee09bfc21d","Payload":{"description":["With no argument, escapes to a sub-shell; psql resumes when the sub-shell exits. With an argument, executes the shell command command ."],"manual_html":"\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cdl class=\"variablelist\"\u003e\u003cdt id=\"APP-PSQL-META-COMMAND-EXCLAMATION-MARK\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"literal\"\u003e\\! [ \u003cem class=\"replaceable\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003ecommand\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/em\u003e ]\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/span\u003e \u003c/dt\u003e\u003cdd\u003e\u003cp\u003e\n        With no argument, escapes to a sub-shell; \u003cspan class=\"application\"\u003epsql\u003c/span\u003e\n        resumes when the sub-shell exits.  With an argument, executes the\n        shell command \u003cem class=\"replaceable\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003ecommand\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/em\u003e.\n        \u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\n        Unlike most other meta-commands, the entire remainder of the line is\n        always taken to be the argument(s) of \u003ccode class=\"command\"\u003e\\!\u003c/code\u003e, and neither\n        variable interpolation nor backquote expansion are performed in the\n        arguments.  The rest of the line is simply passed literally to the\n        shell.\n        \u003c/p\u003e\u003c/dd\u003e\u003c/dl\u003e\u003c/div\u003e","related":[{"label":"psql command-line options and complete manual","url":"/wiki/tool/psql/?v=18"}],"sections":[],"tables":[{"columns":[{"key":"command","label":"Command"},{"key":"modifiers","label":"Documented suffix modifiers"}],"key":"spellings","rows":[{"command":{"text":"\\!","url":"/wiki/psql/cmd-21/?v=18"},"modifiers":"None listed in this signature"}],"title":"Spellings in this manual definition"}]}},"RequestedLocale":"en","Fallback":false,"Versions":["10","11","12","13","14","15","16","17","18","19","20"],"Locales":["en","zh-Hans"],"Signatures":null,"Spellings":[{"Version":"18","Ordinal":0,"Command":"\\!","Signature":"\\! [ command ]","Modifiers":[]}],"SQLState":null,"Evidence":null}
