{"kind": "psql", "major": "18", "item": {"slug": "cmd-67-65-78-65-63", "name": "\\gexec", "name_zh": "", "category": "Query execution", "summary": "Sends the current query buffer to the server, then treats each column of each row of the query's output (if any) as an SQL statement to be executed. For example, to create an index on each column of my_table :", "aliases": ["\\gexec"], "content_hash": "56e7558c9ada67437a877793dbc3ba124138092da82cfc13a418d58df37715a8", "versions": {"10": {"facts": [{"label": "Client", "value": "psql 10.23"}, {"label": "Case-sensitive spelling", "value": "\\gexec"}], "tables": [{"key": "spellings", "rows": [{"command": {"url": "/wiki/psql/cmd-67-65-78-65-63/?v=10", "text": "\\gexec"}, "modifiers": "None listed in this signature"}], "title": "Spellings in this manual definition", "columns": [{"key": "command", "label": "Command"}, {"key": "modifiers", "label": "Documented suffix modifiers"}]}], "command": "\\gexec", "related": [{"url": "/wiki/tool/psql/?v=10", "label": "psql command-line options and complete manual"}], "release": {"ref": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v10.23/postgresql-10.23.tar.bz2", "label": "10.23", "major": "10", "channel": "historical", "manifest": {"pdf": {"A4": {"url": "/files/documentation/pdf/10/postgresql-10-A4.pdf", "bytes": 12631706, "pages": 2591, "sha256": "34497ab9efb45c5bdf1bd11b9016b5451354feb462fa029cf74557a5fa5fbbc1", "built_at": "2026-09-26"}, "US": {"url": "/files/documentation/pdf/10/postgresql-10-US.pdf", "bytes": 12531684, "pages": 2724, "sha256": "429cc7133ddf4f97c560aa466dc9caea4b718721a8321e293357037cf0af4733", "built_at": "2026-09-26"}}, "tree": "10", "index": "index.html", "major": "10", "pages": 1085, "release": "10.23", "source_url": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v10.23/postgresql-10.23.tar.bz2", "svg_assets": 0, "source_mode": "en HTML verified against the pinned official archive", "source_sha256": "94a4b2528372458e5662c18d406629266667c437198160a18cdfd2c4a4d6eee9"}, "revision": "f9301feba91e2e2566038a36b8cee0e4402db68989538f88670fddd20b1f78ea", "evidence_kind": "English manual and source declarations", "source_sha256": "94a4b2528372458e5662c18d406629266667c437198160a18cdfd2c4a4d6eee9"}, "sources": [{"url": "/docs/10/app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS", "file": "app-psql.html", "label": "10.23 English manual \u00b7 app-psql.html", "anchor": "APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS", "sha256": "9e11fe3148cb8c085808f632ed972aa4514332a67758a083a080169101eeb7a4"}], "sections": [], "modifiers": [], "signature": "\\gexec", "spellings": ["\\gexec"], "description": ["Sends the current query buffer to the server, then treats each column of each row of the query's output (if any) as a SQL statement to be executed. For example, to create an index on each column of my_table :"], "manual_html": "
\\gexec
\n

Sends the current query buffer to the server, then treats each column of each row of the query's output (if any) as a SQL statement to be executed. For example, to create an index on each column of my_table:

\n
=> SELECT format('create index on my_table(%I)', attname)\n-> FROM pg_attribute\n-> WHERE attrelid = 'my_table'::regclass AND attnum > 0\n-> ORDER BY attnum\n-> \\gexec\nCREATE INDEX\nCREATE INDEX\nCREATE INDEX\nCREATE INDEX\n
\n

The generated queries are executed in the order in which the rows are returned, and left-to-right within each row if there is more than one column. NULL fields are ignored. The generated queries are sent literally to the server for processing, so they cannot be psql meta-commands nor contain psql variable references. If any individual query fails, execution of the remaining queries continues unless ON_ERROR_STOP is set. Execution of each query is subject to ECHO processing. (Setting ECHO to all or queries is often advisable when using \\gexec.) Query logging, single-step mode, timing, and other query execution features apply to each generated query as well.

\n

If the current query buffer is empty, the most recently sent query is re-executed instead.

\n
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\\gexec
\n

Sends the current query buffer to the server, then treats each column of each row of the query's output (if any) as a SQL statement to be executed. For example, to create an index on each column of my_table:

\n
=> SELECT format('create index on my_table(%I)', attname)\n-> FROM pg_attribute\n-> WHERE attrelid = 'my_table'::regclass AND attnum > 0\n-> ORDER BY attnum\n-> \\gexec\nCREATE INDEX\nCREATE INDEX\nCREATE INDEX\nCREATE INDEX\n
\n

The generated queries are executed in the order in which the rows are returned, and left-to-right within each row if there is more than one column. NULL fields are ignored. The generated queries are sent literally to the server for processing, so they cannot be psql meta-commands nor contain psql variable references. If any individual query fails, execution of the remaining queries continues unless ON_ERROR_STOP is set. Execution of each query is subject to ECHO processing. (Setting ECHO to all or queries is often advisable when using \\gexec.) Query logging, single-step mode, timing, and other query execution features apply to each generated query as well.

\n

If the current query buffer is empty, the most recently sent query is re-executed instead.

\n
", "manual_path": "app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS", "comparison_data": {"modifiers": [], "signature": "\\gexec", "spellings": ["\\gexec"], "definition": "Sends the current query buffer to the server, then treats each column of each row of the query's output (if any) as a SQL statement to be executed. For example, to create an index on each column of my_table : => SELECT format('create index on my_table(%I)', attname) -> FROM pg_attribute -> WHERE attrelid = 'my_table'::regclass AND attnum > 0 -> ORDER BY attnum -> \\gexec CREATE INDEX CREATE INDEX CREATE INDEX CREATE INDEX The generated queries are executed in the order in which the rows are returned, and left-to-right within each row if there is more than one column. NULL fields are ignored. The generated queries are sent literally to the server for processing, so they cannot be psql meta-commands nor contain psql variable references. If any individual query fails, execution of the remaining queries continues unless ON_ERROR_STOP is set. Execution of each query is subject to ECHO processing. (Setting ECHO to all or queries is often advisable when using \\gexec .) Query logging, single-step mode, timing, and other query execution features apply to each generated query as well. If the current query buffer is empty, the most recently sent query is re-executed instead."}, "comparison_hash": "3291d77affc2dbcf67a28462d81dac9d9979ae806dcf260dee82d79c1b70dfb3"}, "12": {"facts": [{"label": "Client", "value": "psql 12.22"}, {"label": "Case-sensitive spelling", "value": "\\gexec"}], "tables": [{"key": "spellings", "rows": [{"command": {"url": "/wiki/psql/cmd-67-65-78-65-63/?v=12", "text": "\\gexec"}, "modifiers": "None listed in this signature"}], "title": "Spellings in this manual definition", "columns": [{"key": "command", "label": "Command"}, {"key": "modifiers", "label": "Documented suffix modifiers"}]}], "command": "\\gexec", "related": [{"url": "/wiki/tool/psql/?v=12", "label": "psql command-line options and complete manual"}], "release": {"ref": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v12.22/postgresql-12.22.tar.bz2", "label": "12.22", "major": "12", "channel": "historical", "manifest": {"pdf": {"A4": {"url": "/files/documentation/pdf/12/postgresql-12-A4.pdf", "bytes": 13424351, "pages": 2803, "sha256": "7422cf53fd1939e7a3d2925231a88b0330e468afa5393627cac0ff86158a0621", "built_at": "2026-09-26"}, "US": {"url": "/files/documentation/pdf/12/postgresql-12-US.pdf", "bytes": 13322565, "pages": 2958, "sha256": "51f3b04e72907fc38512685946223452ea65f84419c60c66241dfa3396035e77", "built_at": "2026-09-26"}}, "tree": "12", "index": "index.html", "major": "12", "pages": 1131, "release": "12.22", "source_url": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v12.22/postgresql-12.22.tar.bz2", "svg_assets": 2, "source_mode": "en HTML verified against the pinned official archive", "source_sha256": "8df3c0474782589d3c6f374b5133b1bd14d168086edbc13c6e72e67dd4527a3b"}, "revision": "7a827e97cbfacd7febff75f34443e2043e40723de5b6d8c9d81a9430b65a37e4", "evidence_kind": "English manual and source declarations", "source_sha256": "8df3c0474782589d3c6f374b5133b1bd14d168086edbc13c6e72e67dd4527a3b"}, "sources": [{"url": "/docs/12/app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS", "file": "app-psql.html", "label": "12.22 English manual \u00b7 app-psql.html", "anchor": "APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS", "sha256": "a5cec5a456a98610e98d1f1959d96ce57c8413bb392f0f5d6720fc561bb63627"}], "sections": [], "modifiers": [], "signature": "\\gexec", "spellings": ["\\gexec"], "description": ["Sends the current query buffer to the server, then treats each column of each row of the query's output (if any) as a SQL statement to be executed. For example, to create an index on each column of my_table :"], "manual_html": "
\\gexec
\n

Sends the current query buffer to the server, then treats each column of each row of the query's output (if any) as a SQL statement to be executed. For example, to create an index on each column of my_table:

\n
=> SELECT format('create index on my_table(%I)', attname)\n-> FROM pg_attribute\n-> WHERE attrelid = 'my_table'::regclass AND attnum > 0\n-> ORDER BY attnum\n-> \\gexec\nCREATE INDEX\nCREATE INDEX\nCREATE INDEX\nCREATE INDEX\n
\n

The generated queries are executed in the order in which the rows are returned, and left-to-right within each row if there is more than one column. NULL fields are ignored. The generated queries are sent literally to the server for processing, so they cannot be psql meta-commands nor contain psql variable references. If any individual query fails, execution of the remaining queries continues unless ON_ERROR_STOP is set. Execution of each query is subject to ECHO processing. (Setting ECHO to all or queries is often advisable when using \\gexec.) Query logging, single-step mode, timing, and other query execution features apply to each generated query as well.

\n

If the current query buffer is empty, the most recently sent query is re-executed instead.

\n
", "manual_path": "app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS", "comparison_data": {"modifiers": [], "signature": "\\gexec", "spellings": ["\\gexec"], "definition": "Sends the current query buffer to the server, then treats each column of each row of the query's output (if any) as a SQL statement to be executed. For example, to create an index on each column of my_table : => SELECT format('create index on my_table(%I)', attname) -> FROM pg_attribute -> WHERE attrelid = 'my_table'::regclass AND attnum > 0 -> ORDER BY attnum -> \\gexec CREATE INDEX CREATE INDEX CREATE INDEX CREATE INDEX The generated queries are executed in the order in which the rows are returned, and left-to-right within each row if there is more than one column. NULL fields are ignored. The generated queries are sent literally to the server for processing, so they cannot be psql meta-commands nor contain psql variable references. If any individual query fails, execution of the remaining queries continues unless ON_ERROR_STOP is set. Execution of each query is subject to ECHO processing. (Setting ECHO to all or queries is often advisable when using \\gexec .) Query logging, single-step mode, timing, and other query execution features apply to each generated query as well. If the current query buffer is empty, the most recently sent query is re-executed instead."}, "comparison_hash": "3291d77affc2dbcf67a28462d81dac9d9979ae806dcf260dee82d79c1b70dfb3"}, "13": {"facts": [{"label": "Client", "value": "psql 13.23"}, {"label": "Case-sensitive spelling", "value": "\\gexec"}], "tables": [{"key": "spellings", "rows": [{"command": {"url": "/wiki/psql/cmd-67-65-78-65-63/?v=13", "text": "\\gexec"}, "modifiers": "None listed in this signature"}], "title": "Spellings in this manual definition", "columns": [{"key": "command", "label": "Command"}, {"key": "modifiers", "label": "Documented suffix modifiers"}]}], "command": "\\gexec", "related": [{"url": "/wiki/tool/psql/?v=13", "label": "psql command-line options and complete manual"}], "release": {"ref": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v13.23/postgresql-13.23.tar.bz2", "label": "13.23", "major": "13", "channel": "historical", "manifest": {"pdf": {"A4": {"url": "/files/documentation/pdf/13/postgresql-13-A4.pdf", "bytes": 13843239, "pages": 2826, "sha256": "171cc09f90936dbc1cbd503a98ff07ae72ea58ab9771ff051313f1217737799c", "built_at": "2026-09-26"}, "US": {"url": "/files/documentation/pdf/13/postgresql-13-US.pdf", "bytes": 13739572, "pages": 2984, "sha256": "48d09c6e197d9db4220f41afe83efe848a8661b1b168d3b89419751ecaf6c24d", "built_at": "2026-09-26"}}, "tree": "13", "index": "index.html", "major": "13", "pages": 1139, "release": "13.23", "source_url": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v13.23/postgresql-13.23.tar.bz2", "svg_assets": 3, "source_mode": "en HTML verified against the pinned official archive", "source_sha256": "6ec3c82726af92b7dec873fa1cdf881eca92a4219787dfad05acb6b10e041fd6"}, "revision": "614ee3133270254e476c118cdf6f72af78d4e4b8bbd9b28ed9ab1e14e4e9c0f6", "evidence_kind": "English manual and source declarations", "source_sha256": "6ec3c82726af92b7dec873fa1cdf881eca92a4219787dfad05acb6b10e041fd6"}, "sources": [{"url": "/docs/13/app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS", "file": "app-psql.html", "label": "13.23 English manual \u00b7 app-psql.html", "anchor": "APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS", "sha256": "30347083b7a58da020d968643e2479d2dfb534191d4493d454603ca53db151b0"}], "sections": [], "modifiers": [], "signature": "\\gexec", "spellings": ["\\gexec"], "description": ["Sends the current query buffer to the server, then treats each column of each row of the query's output (if any) as a SQL statement to be executed. For example, to create an index on each column of my_table :"], "manual_html": "
\\gexec
\n

Sends the current query buffer to the server, then treats each column of each row of the query's output (if any) as a SQL statement to be executed. For example, to create an index on each column of my_table:

\n
=> SELECT format('create index on my_table(%I)', attname)\n-> FROM pg_attribute\n-> WHERE attrelid = 'my_table'::regclass AND attnum > 0\n-> ORDER BY attnum\n-> \\gexec\nCREATE INDEX\nCREATE INDEX\nCREATE INDEX\nCREATE INDEX\n
\n

The generated queries are executed in the order in which the rows are returned, and left-to-right within each row if there is more than one column. NULL fields are ignored. The generated queries are sent literally to the server for processing, so they cannot be psql meta-commands nor contain psql variable references. If any individual query fails, execution of the remaining queries continues unless ON_ERROR_STOP is set. Execution of each query is subject to ECHO processing. (Setting ECHO to all or queries is often advisable when using \\gexec.) Query logging, single-step mode, timing, and other query execution features apply to each generated query as well.

\n

If the current query buffer is empty, the most recently sent query is re-executed instead.

\n
", "manual_path": "app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS", "comparison_data": {"modifiers": [], "signature": "\\gexec", "spellings": ["\\gexec"], "definition": "Sends the current query buffer to the server, then treats each column of each row of the query's output (if any) as a SQL statement to be executed. For example, to create an index on each column of my_table : => SELECT format('create index on my_table(%I)', attname) -> FROM pg_attribute -> WHERE attrelid = 'my_table'::regclass AND attnum > 0 -> ORDER BY attnum -> \\gexec CREATE INDEX CREATE INDEX CREATE INDEX CREATE INDEX The generated queries are executed in the order in which the rows are returned, and left-to-right within each row if there is more than one column. NULL fields are ignored. The generated queries are sent literally to the server for processing, so they cannot be psql meta-commands nor contain psql variable references. If any individual query fails, execution of the remaining queries continues unless ON_ERROR_STOP is set. Execution of each query is subject to ECHO processing. (Setting ECHO to all or queries is often advisable when using \\gexec .) Query logging, single-step mode, timing, and other query execution features apply to each generated query as well. If the current query buffer is empty, the most recently sent query is re-executed instead."}, "comparison_hash": "3291d77affc2dbcf67a28462d81dac9d9979ae806dcf260dee82d79c1b70dfb3"}, "14": {"facts": [{"label": "Client", "value": "psql 14.24"}, {"label": "Case-sensitive spelling", "value": "\\gexec"}], "tables": [{"key": "spellings", "rows": [{"command": {"url": "/wiki/psql/cmd-67-65-78-65-63/?v=14", "text": "\\gexec"}, "modifiers": "None listed in this signature"}], "title": "Spellings in this manual definition", "columns": [{"key": "command", "label": "Command"}, {"key": "modifiers", "label": "Documented suffix modifiers"}]}], "command": "\\gexec", "related": [{"url": "/wiki/tool/psql/?v=14", "label": "psql command-line options and complete manual"}], "release": {"ref": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v14.24/postgresql-14.24.tar.bz2", "label": "14.24", "major": "14", "channel": "stable", "manifest": {"pdf": {"A4": {"url": "/files/documentation/pdf/14/postgresql-14-A4.pdf", "bytes": 14354704, "pages": 2944, "sha256": "8bc6b9dd7b246888bb77f0a5e8c39a2eae52e9926569832669c7d1600becb27c", "built_at": "2026-09-26"}, "US": {"url": "/files/documentation/pdf/14/postgresql-14-US.pdf", "bytes": 14242178, "pages": 3102, "sha256": "b7ecb5a5f62d8b9f73a69e25a7d26ba285373bc53168a553bff7b77955506db4", "built_at": "2026-09-26"}}, "tree": "14", "index": "index.html", "major": "14", "pages": 1158, "release": "14.24", "source_url": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v14.24/postgresql-14.24.tar.bz2", "svg_assets": 3, "source_mode": "en HTML verified against the pinned official archive", "source_sha256": "a7fa7ed3d558172355f51406097a7bd4f6b473be80f311ef7cda96bf383d8897"}, "revision": "588700d46356d8837c77c7c0a4e71e645fe6535983b8f1830aa8f2e4e41c40ae", "evidence_kind": "English manual and source declarations", "source_sha256": "a7fa7ed3d558172355f51406097a7bd4f6b473be80f311ef7cda96bf383d8897"}, "sources": [{"url": "/docs/14/app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS", "file": "app-psql.html", "label": "14.24 English manual \u00b7 app-psql.html", "anchor": "APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS", "sha256": "8da20abaee171c53c05658cfb2580dea645070f40bad6b46a845d710ad74c3ae"}], "sections": [], "modifiers": [], "signature": "\\gexec", "spellings": ["\\gexec"], "description": ["Sends the current query buffer to the server, then treats each column of each row of the query's output (if any) as an SQL statement to be executed. For example, to create an index on each column of my_table :"], "manual_html": "
\\gexec
\n

Sends the current query buffer to the server, then treats each column of each row of the query's output (if any) as an SQL statement to be executed. For example, to create an index on each column of my_table:

\n
=> SELECT format('create index on my_table(%I)', attname)\n-> FROM pg_attribute\n-> WHERE attrelid = 'my_table'::regclass AND attnum > 0\n-> ORDER BY attnum\n-> \\gexec\nCREATE INDEX\nCREATE INDEX\nCREATE INDEX\nCREATE INDEX\n
\n

The generated queries are executed in the order in which the rows are returned, and left-to-right within each row if there is more than one column. NULL fields are ignored. The generated queries are sent literally to the server for processing, so they cannot be psql meta-commands nor contain psql variable references. If any individual query fails, execution of the remaining queries continues unless ON_ERROR_STOP is set. Execution of each query is subject to ECHO processing. (Setting ECHO to all or queries is often advisable when using \\gexec.) Query logging, single-step mode, timing, and other query execution features apply to each generated query as well.

\n

If the current query buffer is empty, the most recently sent query is re-executed instead.

\n
", "manual_path": "app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS", "comparison_data": {"modifiers": [], "signature": "\\gexec", "spellings": ["\\gexec"], "definition": "Sends the current query buffer to the server, then treats each column of each row of the query's output (if any) as an SQL statement to be executed. For example, to create an index on each column of my_table : => SELECT format('create index on my_table(%I)', attname) -> FROM pg_attribute -> WHERE attrelid = 'my_table'::regclass AND attnum > 0 -> ORDER BY attnum -> \\gexec CREATE INDEX CREATE INDEX CREATE INDEX CREATE INDEX The generated queries are executed in the order in which the rows are returned, and left-to-right within each row if there is more than one column. NULL fields are ignored. The generated queries are sent literally to the server for processing, so they cannot be psql meta-commands nor contain psql variable references. If any individual query fails, execution of the remaining queries continues unless ON_ERROR_STOP is set. Execution of each query is subject to ECHO processing. (Setting ECHO to all or queries is often advisable when using \\gexec .) Query logging, single-step mode, timing, and other query execution features apply to each generated query as well. If the current query buffer is empty, the most recently sent query is re-executed instead."}, "comparison_hash": "4df526f59b23b5fa24e30caba1236c2988d5db04c457b5b38354014b2b052ac6"}, "15": {"facts": [{"label": "Client", "value": "psql 15.19"}, {"label": "Case-sensitive spelling", "value": "\\gexec"}], "tables": [{"key": "spellings", "rows": [{"command": {"url": "/wiki/psql/cmd-67-65-78-65-63/?v=15", "text": "\\gexec"}, "modifiers": "None listed in this signature"}], "title": "Spellings in this manual definition", "columns": [{"key": "command", "label": "Command"}, {"key": "modifiers", "label": "Documented suffix modifiers"}]}], "command": "\\gexec", "related": [{"url": "/wiki/tool/psql/?v=15", "label": "psql command-line options and complete manual"}], "release": {"ref": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v15.19/postgresql-15.19.tar.bz2", "label": "15.19", "major": "15", "channel": "stable", "manifest": {"pdf": {"A4": {"url": "/files/documentation/pdf/15/postgresql-15-A4.pdf", "bytes": 14609140, "pages": 2987, "sha256": "66228564a4d16efb47d6a914085716ecfe22ca1566db56bc7c3d82f790646d72", "built_at": "2026-09-26"}, "US": {"url": "/files/documentation/pdf/15/postgresql-15-US.pdf", "bytes": 14495690, "pages": 3153, "sha256": "645a498c2390d47a6223ec74770631185807a19c484edb0fc5a295d9f460bc02", "built_at": "2026-09-26"}}, "tree": "15", "index": "index.html", "major": "15", "pages": 1168, "release": "15.19", "source_url": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v15.19/postgresql-15.19.tar.bz2", "svg_assets": 3, "source_mode": "en HTML verified against the pinned official archive", "source_sha256": "e1a64a87a46b825b88c082e4518161a47aab53c45694964f8ba1df28f7859f89"}, "revision": "6af958c6520151fc7697d56e0616b03fb00522c4568158674d452ae0644ba545", "evidence_kind": "English manual and source declarations", "source_sha256": "e1a64a87a46b825b88c082e4518161a47aab53c45694964f8ba1df28f7859f89"}, "sources": [{"url": "/docs/15/app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS", "file": "app-psql.html", "label": "15.19 English manual \u00b7 app-psql.html", "anchor": "APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS", "sha256": "cb07228edb4914a53530afca316fd700a250cc062af2d5a74d24add93afbd0c8"}], "sections": [], "modifiers": [], "signature": "\\gexec", "spellings": ["\\gexec"], "description": ["Sends the current query buffer to the server, then treats each column of each row of the query's output (if any) as an SQL statement to be executed. For example, to create an index on each column of my_table :"], "manual_html": "
\\gexec
\n

Sends the current query buffer to the server, then treats each column of each row of the query's output (if any) as an SQL statement to be executed. For example, to create an index on each column of my_table:

\n
=> SELECT format('create index on my_table(%I)', attname)\n-> FROM pg_attribute\n-> WHERE attrelid = 'my_table'::regclass AND attnum > 0\n-> ORDER BY attnum\n-> \\gexec\nCREATE INDEX\nCREATE INDEX\nCREATE INDEX\nCREATE INDEX\n
\n

The generated queries are executed in the order in which the rows are returned, and left-to-right within each row if there is more than one column. NULL fields are ignored. The generated queries are sent literally to the server for processing, so they cannot be psql meta-commands nor contain psql variable references. If any individual query fails, execution of the remaining queries continues unless ON_ERROR_STOP is set. Execution of each query is subject to ECHO processing. (Setting ECHO to all or queries is often advisable when using \\gexec.) Query logging, single-step mode, timing, and other query execution features apply to each generated query as well.

\n

If the current query buffer is empty, the most recently sent query is re-executed instead.

\n
", "manual_path": "app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS", "comparison_data": {"modifiers": [], "signature": "\\gexec", "spellings": ["\\gexec"], "definition": "Sends the current query buffer to the server, then treats each column of each row of the query's output (if any) as an SQL statement to be executed. For example, to create an index on each column of my_table : => SELECT format('create index on my_table(%I)', attname) -> FROM pg_attribute -> WHERE attrelid = 'my_table'::regclass AND attnum > 0 -> ORDER BY attnum -> \\gexec CREATE INDEX CREATE INDEX CREATE INDEX CREATE INDEX The generated queries are executed in the order in which the rows are returned, and left-to-right within each row if there is more than one column. NULL fields are ignored. The generated queries are sent literally to the server for processing, so they cannot be psql meta-commands nor contain psql variable references. If any individual query fails, execution of the remaining queries continues unless ON_ERROR_STOP is set. Execution of each query is subject to ECHO processing. (Setting ECHO to all or queries is often advisable when using \\gexec .) Query logging, single-step mode, timing, and other query execution features apply to each generated query as well. If the current query buffer is empty, the most recently sent query is re-executed instead."}, "comparison_hash": "4df526f59b23b5fa24e30caba1236c2988d5db04c457b5b38354014b2b052ac6"}, "16": {"facts": [{"label": "Client", "value": "psql 16.15"}, {"label": "Case-sensitive spelling", "value": "\\gexec"}], "tables": [{"key": "spellings", "rows": [{"command": {"url": "/wiki/psql/cmd-67-65-78-65-63/?v=16", "text": "\\gexec"}, "modifiers": "None listed in this signature"}], "title": "Spellings in this manual definition", "columns": [{"key": "command", "label": "Command"}, {"key": "modifiers", "label": "Documented suffix modifiers"}]}], "command": "\\gexec", "related": [{"url": "/wiki/tool/psql/?v=16", "label": "psql command-line options and complete manual"}], "release": {"ref": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v16.15/postgresql-16.15.tar.bz2", "label": "16.15", "major": "16", "channel": "stable", "manifest": {"pdf": {"A4": {"url": "/files/documentation/pdf/16/postgresql-16-A4.pdf", "bytes": 15282337, "pages": 3055, "sha256": "4bb6c1f63deedac98736d8c4c7bc0fad0ac24e85b07e21ee10411872f06afd06", "built_at": "2026-09-26"}, "US": {"url": "/files/documentation/pdf/16/postgresql-16-US.pdf", "bytes": 15164148, "pages": 3220, "sha256": "5b6b6166c89991199e144bb0ae34c17a5f29826251dbf19db1abc0df3a3e771b", "built_at": "2026-09-26"}}, "tree": "16", "index": "index.html", "major": "16", "pages": 1169, "release": "16.15", "source_url": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v16.15/postgresql-16.15.tar.bz2", "svg_assets": 3, "source_mode": "en HTML verified against the pinned official archive", "source_sha256": "c1575341fa7bd40f5274ea465b34390f4dc64cdd0770af327005caaeb9f6b7ed"}, "revision": "3c21e58b35318021716440e67bb8bafd392b6a2b965a244d90e9e33c99e0bdef", "evidence_kind": "English manual and source declarations", "source_sha256": "c1575341fa7bd40f5274ea465b34390f4dc64cdd0770af327005caaeb9f6b7ed"}, "sources": [{"url": "/docs/16/app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMAND-GEXEC", "file": "app-psql.html", "label": "16.15 English manual \u00b7 app-psql.html", "anchor": "APP-PSQL-META-COMMAND-GEXEC", "sha256": "add25957a1dfc97db721f2958782be186ab90dc0f0a47c4b720b2b6c26172493"}], "sections": [], "modifiers": [], "signature": "\\gexec", "spellings": ["\\gexec"], "description": ["Sends the current query buffer to the server, then treats each column of each row of the query's output (if any) as an SQL statement to be executed. For example, to create an index on each column of my_table :"], "manual_html": "
\\gexec
\n

Sends the current query buffer to the server, then treats each column of each row of the query's output (if any) as an SQL statement to be executed. For example, to create an index on each column of my_table:

\n
=> SELECT format('create index on my_table(%I)', attname)\n-> FROM pg_attribute\n-> WHERE attrelid = 'my_table'::regclass AND attnum > 0\n-> ORDER BY attnum\n-> \\gexec\nCREATE INDEX\nCREATE INDEX\nCREATE INDEX\nCREATE INDEX\n
\n

The generated queries are executed in the order in which the rows are returned, and left-to-right within each row if there is more than one column. NULL fields are ignored. The generated queries are sent literally to the server for processing, so they cannot be psql meta-commands nor contain psql variable references. If any individual query fails, execution of the remaining queries continues unless ON_ERROR_STOP is set. Execution of each query is subject to ECHO processing. (Setting ECHO to all or queries is often advisable when using \\gexec.) Query logging, single-step mode, timing, and other query execution features apply to each generated query as well.

\n

If the current query buffer is empty, the most recently sent query is re-executed instead.

\n
", "manual_path": "app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMAND-GEXEC", "comparison_data": {"modifiers": [], "signature": "\\gexec", "spellings": ["\\gexec"], "definition": "Sends the current query buffer to the server, then treats each column of each row of the query's output (if any) as an SQL statement to be executed. For example, to create an index on each column of my_table : => SELECT format('create index on my_table(%I)', attname) -> FROM pg_attribute -> WHERE attrelid = 'my_table'::regclass AND attnum > 0 -> ORDER BY attnum -> \\gexec CREATE INDEX CREATE INDEX CREATE INDEX CREATE INDEX The generated queries are executed in the order in which the rows are returned, and left-to-right within each row if there is more than one column. NULL fields are ignored. The generated queries are sent literally to the server for processing, so they cannot be psql meta-commands nor contain psql variable references. If any individual query fails, execution of the remaining queries continues unless ON_ERROR_STOP is set. Execution of each query is subject to ECHO processing. (Setting ECHO to all or queries is often advisable when using \\gexec .) Query logging, single-step mode, timing, and other query execution features apply to each generated query as well. If the current query buffer is empty, the most recently sent query is re-executed instead."}, "comparison_hash": "4df526f59b23b5fa24e30caba1236c2988d5db04c457b5b38354014b2b052ac6"}, "17": {"facts": [{"label": "Client", "value": "psql 17.11"}, {"label": "Case-sensitive spelling", "value": "\\gexec"}], "tables": [{"key": "spellings", "rows": [{"command": {"url": "/wiki/psql/cmd-67-65-78-65-63/?v=17", "text": "\\gexec"}, "modifiers": "None listed in this signature"}], "title": "Spellings in this manual definition", "columns": [{"key": "command", "label": "Command"}, {"key": "modifiers", "label": "Documented suffix modifiers"}]}], "command": "\\gexec", "related": [{"url": "/wiki/tool/psql/?v=17", "label": "psql command-line options and complete manual"}], "release": {"ref": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v17.11/postgresql-17.11.tar.bz2", "label": "17.11", "major": "17", "channel": "stable", "manifest": {"pdf": {"A4": {"url": "/files/documentation/pdf/17/postgresql-17-A4.pdf", "bytes": 15521293, "pages": 3099, "sha256": "1991354df0dc89e70ec39328c28988ef8b19c6a93671dab3893650b63e9f4e36", "built_at": "2026-09-26"}, "US": {"url": "/files/documentation/pdf/17/postgresql-17-US.pdf", "bytes": 15398150, "pages": 3270, "sha256": "07696c8f38abf31babf22d2db337093936e7c472d2af36d050b000c49bbcf52c", "built_at": "2026-09-26"}}, "tree": "17", "index": "index.html", "major": "17", "pages": 1143, "release": "17.11", "source_url": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v17.11/postgresql-17.11.tar.bz2", "svg_assets": 3, "source_mode": "en SGML built with pinned official archive", "source_sha256": "dd27f2b3c59e73ed14aa3324901242bf69a032a6347805f274e6260322d42979"}, "revision": "58419c9b0dd42cb34c8d53695bb025a7e582edf55ccd4c5bcb1c2c7c71a37487", "evidence_kind": "English manual and source declarations", "source_sha256": "dd27f2b3c59e73ed14aa3324901242bf69a032a6347805f274e6260322d42979"}, "sources": [{"url": "/docs/17/app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMAND-GEXEC", "file": "app-psql.html", "label": "17.11 English manual \u00b7 app-psql.html", "anchor": "APP-PSQL-META-COMMAND-GEXEC", "sha256": "04c77661f1c96a64e91a27313542c34aff0c7d2a94e350ed98c6f9f35700629b"}], "sections": [], "modifiers": [], "signature": "\\gexec", "spellings": ["\\gexec"], "description": ["Sends the current query buffer to the server, then treats each column of each row of the query's output (if any) as an SQL statement to be executed. For example, to create an index on each column of my_table :"], "manual_html": "
\\gexec
\n

Sends the current query buffer to the server, then treats each column of each row of the query's output (if any) as an SQL statement to be executed. For example, to create an index on each column of my_table:

\n
=> SELECT format('create index on my_table(%I)', attname)\n-> FROM pg_attribute\n-> WHERE attrelid = 'my_table'::regclass AND attnum > 0\n-> ORDER BY attnum\n-> \\gexec\nCREATE INDEX\nCREATE INDEX\nCREATE INDEX\nCREATE INDEX\n
\n

The generated queries are executed in the order in which the rows are returned, and left-to-right within each row if there is more than one column. NULL fields are ignored. The generated queries are sent literally to the server for processing, so they cannot be psql meta-commands nor contain psql variable references. If any individual query fails, execution of the remaining queries continues unless ON_ERROR_STOP is set. Execution of each query is subject to ECHO processing. (Setting ECHO to all or queries is often advisable when using \\gexec.) Query logging, single-step mode, timing, and other query execution features apply to each generated query as well.

\n

If the current query buffer is empty, the most recently sent query is re-executed instead.

\n
", "manual_path": "app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMAND-GEXEC", "comparison_data": {"modifiers": [], "signature": "\\gexec", "spellings": ["\\gexec"], "definition": "Sends the current query buffer to the server, then treats each column of each row of the query's output (if any) as an SQL statement to be executed. For example, to create an index on each column of my_table : => SELECT format('create index on my_table(%I)', attname) -> FROM pg_attribute -> WHERE attrelid = 'my_table'::regclass AND attnum > 0 -> ORDER BY attnum -> \\gexec CREATE INDEX CREATE INDEX CREATE INDEX CREATE INDEX The generated queries are executed in the order in which the rows are returned, and left-to-right within each row if there is more than one column. NULL fields are ignored. The generated queries are sent literally to the server for processing, so they cannot be psql meta-commands nor contain psql variable references. If any individual query fails, execution of the remaining queries continues unless ON_ERROR_STOP is set. Execution of each query is subject to ECHO processing. (Setting ECHO to all or queries is often advisable when using \\gexec .) Query logging, single-step mode, timing, and other query execution features apply to each generated query as well. If the current query buffer is empty, the most recently sent query is re-executed instead."}, "comparison_hash": "4df526f59b23b5fa24e30caba1236c2988d5db04c457b5b38354014b2b052ac6"}, "18": {"facts": [{"label": "Client", "value": "psql 18.6"}, {"label": "Case-sensitive spelling", "value": "\\gexec"}], "tables": [{"key": "spellings", "rows": [{"command": {"url": "/wiki/psql/cmd-67-65-78-65-63/?v=18", "text": "\\gexec"}, "modifiers": "None listed in this signature"}], "title": "Spellings in this manual definition", "columns": [{"key": "command", "label": "Command"}, {"key": "modifiers", "label": "Documented suffix modifiers"}]}], "command": "\\gexec", "related": [{"url": "/wiki/tool/psql/?v=18", "label": "psql command-line options and complete manual"}], "release": {"ref": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v18.6/postgresql-18.6.tar.bz2", "label": "18.6", "major": "18", "channel": "stable", "manifest": {"pdf": {"A4": {"url": "/files/documentation/pdf/18/postgresql-18-A4.pdf", "bytes": 15865106, "pages": 3154, "sha256": "19512c405da53f9f7fcf0abba359223aa65f021be025bf3411381918f92e3190", "built_at": "2026-09-26"}, "US": {"url": "/files/documentation/pdf/18/postgresql-18-US.pdf", "bytes": 15748059, "pages": 3328, "sha256": "facbe6c229e598b872d3d98bef53308f46e06746006fa4590de9a7de9dd46319", "built_at": "2026-09-26"}}, "tree": "18", "index": "index.html", "major": "18", "pages": 1148, "release": "18.6", "source_url": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v18.6/postgresql-18.6.tar.bz2", "svg_assets": 3, "source_mode": "en SGML built with pinned official archive", "source_sha256": "555610c24d53e4316da5b7d3fc25c279d96856d5e0e23ee308c328c5fa881d9f"}, "revision": "ee8d1a3612338fd9adf250730cb640fcc5233b5491337cc00a316a44e3a0b9f8", "evidence_kind": "English manual and source declarations", "source_sha256": "555610c24d53e4316da5b7d3fc25c279d96856d5e0e23ee308c328c5fa881d9f"}, "sources": [{"url": "/docs/18/app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMAND-GEXEC", "file": "app-psql.html", "label": "18.6 English manual \u00b7 app-psql.html", "anchor": "APP-PSQL-META-COMMAND-GEXEC", "sha256": "fa2a1d39294b8854318e82e93f71272c645ed88150ecc2786c28902c3f32782c"}], "sections": [], "modifiers": [], "signature": "\\gexec", "spellings": ["\\gexec"], "description": ["Sends the current query buffer to the server, then treats each column of each row of the query's output (if any) as an SQL statement to be executed. For example, to create an index on each column of my_table :"], "manual_html": "
\\gexec
\n

Sends the current query buffer to the server, then treats each column of each row of the query's output (if any) as an SQL statement to be executed. For example, to create an index on each column of my_table:

\n
=> SELECT format('create index on my_table(%I)', attname)\n-> FROM pg_attribute\n-> WHERE attrelid = 'my_table'::regclass AND attnum > 0\n-> ORDER BY attnum\n-> \\gexec\nCREATE INDEX\nCREATE INDEX\nCREATE INDEX\nCREATE INDEX\n
\n

The generated queries are executed in the order in which the rows are returned, and left-to-right within each row if there is more than one column. NULL fields are ignored. The generated queries are sent literally to the server for processing, so they cannot be psql meta-commands nor contain psql variable references. If any individual query fails, execution of the remaining queries continues unless ON_ERROR_STOP is set. Execution of each query is subject to ECHO processing. (Setting ECHO to all or queries is often advisable when using \\gexec.) Query logging, single-step mode, timing, and other query execution features apply to each generated query as well.

\n

If the current query buffer is empty, the most recently sent query is re-executed instead.

\n
", "manual_path": "app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMAND-GEXEC", "comparison_data": {"modifiers": [], "signature": "\\gexec", "spellings": ["\\gexec"], "definition": "Sends the current query buffer to the server, then treats each column of each row of the query's output (if any) as an SQL statement to be executed. For example, to create an index on each column of my_table : => SELECT format('create index on my_table(%I)', attname) -> FROM pg_attribute -> WHERE attrelid = 'my_table'::regclass AND attnum > 0 -> ORDER BY attnum -> \\gexec CREATE INDEX CREATE INDEX CREATE INDEX CREATE INDEX The generated queries are executed in the order in which the rows are returned, and left-to-right within each row if there is more than one column. NULL fields are ignored. The generated queries are sent literally to the server for processing, so they cannot be psql meta-commands nor contain psql variable references. If any individual query fails, execution of the remaining queries continues unless ON_ERROR_STOP is set. Execution of each query is subject to ECHO processing. (Setting ECHO to all or queries is often advisable when using \\gexec .) Query logging, single-step mode, timing, and other query execution features apply to each generated query as well. If the current query buffer is empty, the most recently sent query is re-executed instead."}, "comparison_hash": "4df526f59b23b5fa24e30caba1236c2988d5db04c457b5b38354014b2b052ac6"}, "19": {"facts": [{"label": "Client", "value": "psql 19beta4"}, {"label": "Case-sensitive spelling", "value": "\\gexec"}], "tables": [{"key": "spellings", "rows": [{"command": {"url": "/wiki/psql/cmd-67-65-78-65-63/?v=19", "text": "\\gexec"}, "modifiers": "None listed in this signature"}], "title": "Spellings in this manual definition", "columns": [{"key": "command", "label": "Command"}, {"key": "modifiers", "label": "Documented suffix modifiers"}]}], "command": "\\gexec", "related": [{"url": "/wiki/tool/psql/?v=19", "label": "psql command-line options and complete manual"}], "release": {"ref": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v19beta4/postgresql-19beta4.tar.bz2", "label": "19beta4", "major": "19", "channel": "preview", "manifest": {"pdf": {"A4": {"url": "/files/documentation/pdf/19/postgresql-19-A4.pdf", "bytes": 16064841, "pages": 3052, "sha256": "4dd099e4125c591128fc5f3ebd02178dc24781f9e5ae629f96d67c4c8547427b", "built_at": "2026-09-26"}, "US": {"url": "/files/documentation/pdf/19/postgresql-19-US.pdf", "bytes": 15974616, "pages": 3225, "sha256": "61971fa857f0956d47341a0388fa6af9ae10acf691d4b2fc009007d384b0342b", "built_at": "2026-09-26"}}, "tree": "19", "index": "index.html", "major": "19", "pages": 1155, "release": "19beta4", "source_url": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v19beta4/postgresql-19beta4.tar.bz2", "svg_assets": 5, "source_mode": "en SGML built with pinned official archive", "source_sha256": "83157ee9c599d03b2f7a3d73ef3a56ec24e0e79cc2b3501a64d1364f56398c86"}, "revision": "1bbbbf4133d426f0e4304010688d2984c30fb67df0cc3a61b3e37eb3f6f37833", "evidence_kind": "English manual and source declarations", "source_sha256": "83157ee9c599d03b2f7a3d73ef3a56ec24e0e79cc2b3501a64d1364f56398c86"}, "sources": [{"url": "/docs/19/app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMAND-GEXEC", "file": "app-psql.html", "label": "19beta4 English manual \u00b7 app-psql.html", "anchor": "APP-PSQL-META-COMMAND-GEXEC", "sha256": "312975c12d6e4d62aeebcb5e98e7ca795c6d07ecb743b4bc64403dc42bc2a6e9"}], "sections": [], "modifiers": [], "signature": "\\gexec", "spellings": ["\\gexec"], "description": ["Sends the current query buffer to the server, then treats each column of each row of the query's output (if any) as an SQL statement to be executed. For example, to create an index on each column of my_table :"], "manual_html": "
\\gexec
\n

Sends the current query buffer to the server, then treats each column of each row of the query's output (if any) as an SQL statement to be executed. For example, to create an index on each column of my_table:

\n
=> SELECT format('CREATE INDEX ON my_table (%I)', attname)\n-> FROM pg_attribute\n-> WHERE attrelid = 'my_table'::regclass AND attnum > 0\n-> ORDER BY attnum\n-> \\gexec\nCREATE INDEX\nCREATE INDEX\nCREATE INDEX\nCREATE INDEX\n
\n

The generated queries are executed in the order in which the rows are returned, and left-to-right within each row if there is more than one column. NULL fields are ignored. The generated queries are sent literally to the server for processing, so they cannot be psql meta-commands nor contain psql variable references. If any individual query fails, execution of the remaining queries continues unless ON_ERROR_STOP is set. Execution of each query is subject to ECHO processing. (Setting ECHO to all or queries is often advisable when using \\gexec.) Query logging, single-step mode, timing, and other query execution features apply to each generated query as well.

\n

If the current query buffer is empty, the most recently sent query is re-executed instead.

\n
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\\gexec
\n

Sends the current query buffer to the server, then treats each column of each row of the query's output (if any) as an SQL statement to be executed. For example, to create an index on each column of my_table:

\n
=> SELECT format('CREATE INDEX ON my_table (%I)', attname)\n-> FROM pg_attribute\n-> WHERE attrelid = 'my_table'::regclass AND attnum > 0\n-> ORDER BY attnum\n-> \\gexec\nCREATE INDEX\nCREATE INDEX\nCREATE INDEX\nCREATE INDEX\n
\n

The generated queries are executed in the order in which the rows are returned, and left-to-right within each row if there is more than one column. NULL fields are ignored. The generated queries are sent literally to the server for processing, so they cannot be psql meta-commands nor contain psql variable references. If any individual query fails, execution of the remaining queries continues unless ON_ERROR_STOP is set. Execution of each query is subject to ECHO processing. (Setting ECHO to all or queries is often advisable when using \\gexec.) Query logging, single-step mode, timing, and other query execution features apply to each generated query as well.

\n

If the current query buffer is empty, the most recently sent query is re-executed instead.

\n
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\\gexec
\n

Sends the current query buffer to the server, then treats each column of each row of the query's output (if any) as an SQL statement to be executed. For example, to create an index on each column of my_table:

\n
=> SELECT format('create index on my_table(%I)', attname)\n-> FROM pg_attribute\n-> WHERE attrelid = 'my_table'::regclass AND attnum > 0\n-> ORDER BY attnum\n-> \\gexec\nCREATE INDEX\nCREATE INDEX\nCREATE INDEX\nCREATE INDEX\n
\n

The generated queries are executed in the order in which the rows are returned, and left-to-right within each row if there is more than one column. NULL fields are ignored. The generated queries are sent literally to the server for processing, so they cannot be psql meta-commands nor contain psql variable references. If any individual query fails, execution of the remaining queries continues unless ON_ERROR_STOP is set. Execution of each query is subject to ECHO processing. (Setting ECHO to all or queries is often advisable when using \\gexec.) Query logging, single-step mode, timing, and other query execution features apply to each generated query as well.

\n

If the current query buffer is empty, the most recently sent query is re-executed instead.

\n
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