{"Entry":{"collection":"tool","key":"pg-checksums","name":"pg_checksums","aliases":["pg_checksums"],"metadata":{"aliases":["pg_checksums"],"category":"Server applications","content_hash":"66b6d0a99982350e948adee238f9c25b29aef70d8455235184b771718a1b703d","derived_content_hash":"4a1996be898819490d21f40329bc418d2889e4ca4d27e6217da3d51acc34086e","imported_at":"2026-09-30T00:40:34.092677+08:00","name":"pg_checksums","name_zh":"","slug":"pg-checksums","summary":"pg_checksums — enable, disable or check data checksums in a PostgreSQL database cluster"}},"Definition":{"Collection":"tool","Key":"pg-checksums","SourceDatabase":"center","Version":"18","SourceTable":"command_tool","SourceKey":"pg-checksums","SourceRevision":"ee8d1a3612338fd9adf250730cb640fcc5233b5491337cc00a316a44e3a0b9f8","Facts":{"comparison_data":{"environment":[{"description":"Specifies the directory where the database cluster is stored; can be overridden using the -D option.","name":"PGDATA"},{"description":"Specifies whether to use color in diagnostic messages. Possible values are always , auto and never .","name":"PG_COLOR"}],"options":[{"description":"Specifies the directory where the database cluster is stored.","names":["-D directory","--pgdata= directory"],"signature":"-D directory --pgdata= directory"},{"description":"Checks checksums. This is the default mode if nothing else is specified.","names":["-c","--check"],"signature":"-c --check"},{"description":"Disables checksums.","names":["-d","--disable"],"signature":"-d --disable"},{"description":"Enables checksums.","names":["-e","--enable"],"signature":"-e --enable"},{"description":"Only validate checksums in the relation with filenode filenode .","names":["-f filenode","--filenode= filenode"],"signature":"-f filenode --filenode= filenode"},{"description":"By default, pg_checksums will wait for all files to be written safely to disk. This option causes pg_checksums to return without waiting, which is faster, but means that a subsequent operating system crash can leave the updated data directory corrupt. Generally, this option is useful for testing but should not be used on a production installation. This option has no effect when using --check .","names":["-N","--no-sync"],"signature":"-N --no-sync"},{"description":"Enable progress reporting. Turning this on will deliver a progress report while checking or enabling checksums.","names":["-P","--progress"],"signature":"-P --progress"},{"description":"When set to fsync , which is the default, pg_checksums will recursively open and synchronize all files in the data directory. The search for files will follow symbolic links for the WAL directory and each configured tablespace. On Linux, syncfs may be used instead to ask the operating system to synchronize the whole file systems that contain the data directory, the WAL files, and each tablespace. See recovery_init_sync_method for information about the caveats to be aware of when using syncfs . This option has no effect when --no-sync is used.","names":["--sync-method= method"],"signature":"--sync-method= method"},{"description":"Enable verbose output. Lists all checked files.","names":["-v","--verbose"],"signature":"-v --verbose"},{"description":"Print the pg_checksums version and exit.","names":["-V","--version"],"signature":"-V --version"},{"description":"Show help about pg_checksums command line arguments, and exit.","names":["-?","--help"],"signature":"-? --help"}],"synopsis":["pg_checksums [ option ...] [[ -D | --pgdata ] datadir ]"]},"comparison_hash":"9df98d0a65050d461414d0c4fc42b1f97bbb808ec68690d4aad884d9b571bb05","description":["pg_checksums — enable, disable or check data checksums in a PostgreSQL database cluster"],"description_zh":"描述 pg_checksums 用于在 PostgreSQL 数据库集簇中检查、启用或禁用数据校验和。运行 pg_checksums 之前，必须先将服务器干净关闭。验证校验和时，如果没有校验和错误，则退出状态为零；如果检测到至少一个校验和失败，则退出状态为非零。启用或禁用校验和时，如果操作失败，则退出状态为非零。 在验证校验和时，集簇中的每个文件都会被扫描。启用校验和时，校验和发生变化的每个关系文件块都会被原地重写。禁用校验和只会更新文件 pg_control 。 选项 提供以下命令行选项： -D directory --pgdata= directory 指定存储数据库集簇的目录。 -c --check 检查校验和。如果没有指定其他模式，这是默认模式。 -d --disable 禁用校验和。 -e --enable 启用校验和。 -f filenode --filenode= filenode 仅验证文件节点为 filenode 的关系中的校验和。 -N --no-sync 默认情况下， pg_checksums 会等待所有文件被安全写入磁盘。该选项会使 pg_checksums 直接返回而不等待，这样速度更快，但也意味着如果随后操作系统崩溃，更新后的数据目录可能会损坏。通常，此选项适合测试，但不应在生产环境中使用。使用 --check 时，此选项不起作用。 -P --progress 启用进度报告。启用此选项后，在检查或启用校验和时会输出进度报告。 --sync-method= method 设为 fsync （默认值）时， pg_checksums 会递归打开并同步数据目录中的所有文件。查找文件时会跟随 WAL 目录和每个已配置表空间的符号链接。 在 Linux 上，也可以改用 syncfs ，请求操作系统同步包含数据目录、WAL 文件以及每个表空间的整个文件系统。使用 syncfs 时需注意的事项见 recovery_init_sync_method 。 使用 --no-sync 时，此选项不起作用。 -v --verbose 启用详细输出，列出所有被检查的文件","description_zh_html":"\u003cp\u003e命令行工具 pg_checksums [ option ...] [[ -D | --pgdata ] datadir ]。\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch3\u003e同版本中文手册节选\u003c/h3\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"refsect1\"\u003e\u003ch2\u003e描述\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"application\"\u003epg_checksums\u003c/span\u003e 用于在 \u003cspan class=\"productname\"\u003ePostgreSQL\u003c/span\u003e 数据库集簇中检查、启用或禁用数据校验和。运行 \u003cspan class=\"application\"\u003epg_checksums\u003c/span\u003e 之前，必须先将服务器干净关闭。验证校验和时，如果没有校验和错误，则退出状态为零；如果检测到至少一个校验和失败，则退出状态为非零。启用或禁用校验和时，如果操作失败，则退出状态为非零。\n  \u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\n   在验证校验和时，集簇中的每个文件都会被扫描。启用校验和时，校验和发生变化的每个关系文件块都会被原地重写。禁用校验和只会更新文件 \u003ccode class=\"filename\"\u003epg_control\u003c/code\u003e。\n  \u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"refsect1\"\u003e\u003ch2\u003e选项\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\n    提供以下命令行选项：\n\n    \u003c/p\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"variablelist\"\u003e\u003cdl class=\"variablelist\"\u003e\u003cdt\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e-D \u003cem class=\"replaceable\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003edirectory\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003cbr/\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e--pgdata=\u003cem class=\"replaceable\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003edirectory\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/span\u003e \u003c/dt\u003e\u003cdd\u003e\u003cp\u003e\n        指定存储数据库集簇的目录。\n       \u003c/p\u003e\u003c/dd\u003e\u003cdt\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e-c\u003c/code\u003e\u003cbr/\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e--check\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/span\u003e \u003c/dt\u003e\u003cdd\u003e\u003cp\u003e\n        检查校验和。如果没有指定其他模式，这是默认模式。\n       \u003c/p\u003e\u003c/dd\u003e\u003cdt\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e-d\u003c/code\u003e\u003cbr/\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e--disable\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/span\u003e \u003c/dt\u003e\u003cdd\u003e\u003cp\u003e\n        禁用校验和。\n       \u003c/p\u003e\u003c/dd\u003e\u003cdt\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e-e\u003c/code\u003e\u003cbr/\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e--enable\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/span\u003e \u003c/dt\u003e\u003cdd\u003e\u003cp\u003e\n        启用校验和。\n       \u003c/p\u003e\u003c/dd\u003e\u003cdt\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e-f \u003cem class=\"replaceable\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003efilenode\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003cbr/\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e--filenode=\u003cem class=\"replaceable\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003efilenode\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/span\u003e \u003c/dt\u003e\u003cdd\u003e\u003cp\u003e\n        仅验证文件节点为 \u003cem class=\"replaceable\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003efilenode\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/em\u003e 的关系中的校验和。\n       \u003c/p\u003e\u003c/dd\u003e\u003cdt\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e-N\u003c/code\u003e\u003cbr/\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e--no-sync\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/span\u003e \u003c/dt\u003e\u003cdd\u003e\u003cp\u003e\n        默认情况下，\u003ccode class=\"command\"\u003epg_checksums\u003c/code\u003e 会等待所有文件被安全写入磁盘。该选项会使 \u003ccode class=\"command\"\u003epg_checksums\u003c/code\u003e 直接返回而不等待，这样速度更快，但也意味着如果随后操作系统崩溃，更新后的数据目录可能会损坏。通常，此选项适合测试，但不应在生产环境中使用。使用 \u003ccode class=\"literal\"\u003e--check\u003c/code\u003e 时，此选项不起作用。\n       \u003c/p\u003e\u003c/dd\u003e\u003cdt\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e-P\u003c/code\u003e\u003cbr/\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e--progress\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/span\u003e \u003c/dt\u003e\u003cdd\u003e\u003cp\u003e\n        启用进度报告。启用此选项后，在检查或启用校验和时会输出进度报告。\n       \u003c/p\u003e\u003c/dd\u003e\u003cdt\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e--sync-method=\u003cem class=\"replaceable\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003emethod\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/span\u003e \u003c/dt\u003e\u003cdd\u003e\u003cp\u003e\n        设为 \u003ccode class=\"literal\"\u003efsync\u003c/code\u003e（默认值）时，\u003ccode class=\"command\"\u003epg_checksums\u003c/code\u003e 会递归打开并同步数据目录中的所有文件。查找文件时会跟随 WAL 目录和每个已配置表空间的符号链接。\n       \u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\n        在 Linux 上，也可以改用 \u003ccode class=\"literal\"\u003esyncfs\u003c/code\u003e，请求操作系统同步包含数据目录、WAL 文件以及每个表空间的整个文件系统。使用 \u003ccode class=\"literal\"\u003esyncfs\u003c/code\u003e 时需注意的事项见 \u003ca class=\"xref\" href=\"/zh/docs/18/runtime-config-error-handling.html#GUC-RECOVERY-INIT-SYNC-METHOD\"\u003erecovery_init_sync_method\u003c/a\u003e。\n       \u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\n        使用 \u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e--no-sync\u003c/code\u003e 时，此选项不起作用。\n       \u003c/p\u003e\u003c/dd\u003e\u003cdt\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e-v\u003c/code\u003e\u003cbr/\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e--verbose\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/span\u003e \u003c/dt\u003e\u003cdd\u003e\u003cp\u003e\n        启用详细输出，列出所有被检查的文件。\n       \u003c/p\u003e\u003c/dd\u003e\u003cdt\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e-V\u003c/code\u003e\u003cbr/\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e--version\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/span\u003e \u003c/dt\u003e\u003cdd\u003e\u003cp\u003e\n        打印 \u003cspan class=\"application\"\u003epg_checksums\u003c/span\u003e 版本并退出。\n       \u003c/p\u003e\u003c/dd\u003e\u003cdt\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e-?\u003c/code\u003e\u003cbr/\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e--help\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/span\u003e \u003c/dt\u003e\u003cdd\u003e\u003cp\u003e\n         显示关于 \u003cspan class=\"application\"\u003epg_checksums\u003c/span\u003e 命令行参数的帮助并退出。\n        \u003c/p\u003e\u003c/dd\u003e\u003c/dl\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cp\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"/zh/docs/18/app-pgchecksums.html\"\u003e查看完整中文手册与上下文\u003c/a\u003e。\u003c/p\u003e","environment":[{"description":"Specifies the directory where the database cluster is stored; can be overridden using the -D option.","name":"PGDATA"},{"description":"Specifies whether to use color in diagnostic messages. Possible values are always , auto and never .","name":"PG_COLOR"}],"facts":[{"label":"Documented executable","value":"pg_checksums"},{"label":"Executable version","value":"18.6"},{"label":"Reference inventory","value":"Server applications"},{"label":"Option definition groups","value":"11"}],"facts_zh":[{"label":"手册中的可执行程序","value":"pg_checksums"},{"label":"程序版本","value":"18.6"},{"label":"参考清单","value":"服务端程序"},{"label":"选项定义组","value":"11"}],"manual_html":"\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"refentry\" id=\"APP-PGCHECKSUMS\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"titlepage\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"refnamediv\"\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003e\u003cspan class=\"refentrytitle\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"application\"\u003epg_checksums\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003epg_checksums — enable, disable or check data checksums in a \u003cspan class=\"productname\"\u003ePostgreSQL\u003c/span\u003e database cluster\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"refsynopsisdiv\"\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSynopsis\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"cmdsynopsis\"\u003e\n\u003cp id=\"id-1.9.5.5.4.1\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"command\"\u003epg_checksums\u003c/code\u003e [\u003cem class=\"replaceable\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eoption\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/em\u003e...] [[ \u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e-D\u003c/code\u003e | \u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e--pgdata\u003c/code\u003e ]\u003cem class=\"replaceable\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003edatadir\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/em\u003e]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"refsect1\" id=\"R1-APP-PGCHECKSUMS-1\"\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eDescription\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"application\"\u003epg_checksums\u003c/span\u003e checks, enables or disables data checksums in a \u003cspan class=\"productname\"\u003ePostgreSQL\u003c/span\u003e cluster. The server must be shut down cleanly before running \u003cspan class=\"application\"\u003epg_checksums\u003c/span\u003e. When verifying checksums, the exit status is zero if there are no checksum errors, and nonzero if at least one checksum failure is detected. When enabling or disabling checksums, the exit status is nonzero if the operation failed.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen verifying checksums, every file in the cluster is scanned. When enabling checksums, each relation file block with a changed checksum is rewritten in-place. Disabling checksums only updates the file \u003ccode class=\"filename\"\u003epg_control\u003c/code\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"refsect1\" id=\"id-1.9.5.5.6\"\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eOptions\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe following command-line options are available:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"variablelist\"\u003e\n\u003cdl class=\"variablelist\"\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e-D \u003cem class=\"replaceable\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003edirectory\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e--pgdata=\u003cem class=\"replaceable\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003edirectory\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSpecifies the directory where the database cluster is stored.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e-c\u003c/code\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e--check\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eChecks checksums. This is the default mode if nothing else is specified.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e-d\u003c/code\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e--disable\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDisables checksums.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e-e\u003c/code\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e--enable\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEnables checksums.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e-f \u003cem class=\"replaceable\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003efilenode\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e--filenode=\u003cem class=\"replaceable\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003efilenode\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOnly validate checksums in the relation with filenode \u003cem class=\"replaceable\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003efilenode\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/em\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e-N\u003c/code\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e--no-sync\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBy default, \u003ccode class=\"command\"\u003epg_checksums\u003c/code\u003e will wait for all files to be written safely to disk. This option causes \u003ccode class=\"command\"\u003epg_checksums\u003c/code\u003e to return without waiting, which is faster, but means that a subsequent operating system crash can leave the updated data directory corrupt. Generally, this option is useful for testing but should not be used on a production installation. This option has no effect when using \u003ccode class=\"literal\"\u003e--check\u003c/code\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e-P\u003c/code\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e--progress\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEnable progress reporting. Turning this on will deliver a progress report while checking or enabling checksums.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e--sync-method=\u003cem class=\"replaceable\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003emethod\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen set to \u003ccode class=\"literal\"\u003efsync\u003c/code\u003e, which is the default, \u003ccode class=\"command\"\u003epg_checksums\u003c/code\u003e will recursively open and synchronize all files in the data directory. The search for files will follow symbolic links for the WAL directory and each configured tablespace.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOn Linux, \u003ccode class=\"literal\"\u003esyncfs\u003c/code\u003e may be used instead to ask the operating system to synchronize the whole file systems that contain the data directory, the WAL files, and each tablespace. See \u003ca class=\"xref\" href=\"/docs/18/runtime-config-error-handling.html#GUC-RECOVERY-INIT-SYNC-METHOD\"\u003erecovery_init_sync_method\u003c/a\u003e for information about the caveats to be aware of when using \u003ccode class=\"literal\"\u003esyncfs\u003c/code\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis option has no effect when \u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e--no-sync\u003c/code\u003e is used.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e-v\u003c/code\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e--verbose\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEnable verbose output. Lists all checked files.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e-V\u003c/code\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e--version\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePrint the \u003cspan class=\"application\"\u003epg_checksums\u003c/span\u003e version and exit.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e-?\u003c/code\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e--help\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eShow help about \u003cspan class=\"application\"\u003epg_checksums\u003c/span\u003e command line arguments, and exit.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/dd\u003e\n\u003c/dl\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"refsect1\" id=\"id-1.9.5.5.7\"\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eEnvironment\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"variablelist\"\u003e\n\u003cdl class=\"variablelist\"\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"envar\"\u003ePGDATA\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSpecifies the directory where the database cluster is stored; can be overridden using the \u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e-D\u003c/code\u003e option.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"envar\"\u003ePG_COLOR\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSpecifies whether to use color in diagnostic messages. Possible values are \u003ccode class=\"literal\"\u003ealways\u003c/code\u003e, \u003ccode class=\"literal\"\u003eauto\u003c/code\u003e and \u003ccode class=\"literal\"\u003enever\u003c/code\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/dd\u003e\n\u003c/dl\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"refsect1\" id=\"id-1.9.5.5.8\"\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eNotes\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEnabling checksums in a large cluster can potentially take a long time. During this operation, the cluster or other programs that write to the data directory must not be started or else data loss may occur.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen using a replication setup with tools which perform direct copies of relation file blocks (for example \u003ca class=\"xref\" href=\"/docs/18/app-pgrewind.html\" title=\"pg_rewind\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"refentrytitle\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"application\"\u003epg_rewind\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e), enabling or disabling checksums can lead to page corruptions in the shape of incorrect checksums if the operation is not done consistently across all nodes. When enabling or disabling checksums in a replication setup, it is thus recommended to stop all the clusters before switching them all consistently. Destroying all standbys, performing the operation on the primary and finally recreating the standbys from scratch is also safe.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf \u003cspan class=\"application\"\u003epg_checksums\u003c/span\u003e is aborted or killed while enabling or disabling checksums, the cluster's data checksum configuration remains unchanged, and \u003cspan class=\"application\"\u003epg_checksums\u003c/span\u003e can be re-run to perform the same operation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/div\u003e","manual_path":"app-pgchecksums.html","options":[{"description":"Specifies the directory where the database cluster is stored.","names":["-D directory","--pgdata= directory"],"signature":"-D directory --pgdata= directory","source_url":"/docs/18/app-pgchecksums.html","summary":"Specifies the directory where the database cluster is stored."},{"description":"Checks checksums. This is the default mode if nothing else is specified.","names":["-c","--check"],"signature":"-c --check","source_url":"/docs/18/app-pgchecksums.html","summary":"Checks checksums. This is the default mode if nothing else is specified."},{"description":"Disables checksums.","names":["-d","--disable"],"signature":"-d --disable","source_url":"/docs/18/app-pgchecksums.html","summary":"Disables checksums."},{"description":"Enables checksums.","names":["-e","--enable"],"signature":"-e --enable","source_url":"/docs/18/app-pgchecksums.html","summary":"Enables checksums."},{"description":"Only validate checksums in the relation with filenode filenode .","names":["-f filenode","--filenode= filenode"],"signature":"-f filenode --filenode= filenode","source_url":"/docs/18/app-pgchecksums.html","summary":"Only validate checksums in the relation with filenode filenode ."},{"description":"By default, pg_checksums will wait for all files to be written safely to disk. This option causes pg_checksums to return without waiting, which is faster, but means that a subsequent operating system crash can leave the updated data directory corrupt. Generally, this option is useful for testing but should not be used on a production installation. This option has no effect when using --check .","names":["-N","--no-sync"],"signature":"-N --no-sync","source_url":"/docs/18/app-pgchecksums.html","summary":"By default, pg_checksums will wait for all files to be written safely to disk. This option causes pg_checksums to return without waiting, which is faster, but means that a subsequent operating system crash can leave the updated data directory corrupt. Generally, this option is useful for testing but should not be used on a production installation. This option has no effect when using --check ."},{"description":"Enable progress reporting. Turning this on will deliver a progress report while checking or enabling checksums.","names":["-P","--progress"],"signature":"-P --progress","source_url":"/docs/18/app-pgchecksums.html","summary":"Enable progress reporting. Turning this on will deliver a progress report while checking or enabling checksums."},{"description":"When set to fsync , which is the default, pg_checksums will recursively open and synchronize all files in the data directory. The search for files will follow symbolic links for the WAL directory and each configured tablespace. On Linux, syncfs may be used instead to ask the operating system to synchronize the whole file systems that contain the data directory, the WAL files, and each tablespace. See recovery_init_sync_method for information about the caveats to be aware of when using syncfs . This option has no effect when --no-sync is used.","names":["--sync-method= method"],"signature":"--sync-method= method","source_url":"/docs/18/app-pgchecksums.html","summary":"When set to fsync , which is the default, pg_checksums will recursively open and synchronize all files in the data directory. The search for files will follow symbolic links for the WAL directory and each configured tablespace."},{"description":"Enable verbose output. Lists all checked files.","names":["-v","--verbose"],"signature":"-v --verbose","source_url":"/docs/18/app-pgchecksums.html","summary":"Enable verbose output. Lists all checked files."},{"description":"Print the pg_checksums version and exit.","names":["-V","--version"],"signature":"-V --version","source_url":"/docs/18/app-pgchecksums.html","summary":"Print the pg_checksums version and exit."},{"description":"Show help about pg_checksums command line arguments, and exit.","names":["-?","--help"],"signature":"-? --help","source_url":"/docs/18/app-pgchecksums.html","summary":"Show help about pg_checksums command line arguments, and exit."}],"related":[],"release":{"channel":"stable","evidence_kind":"English manual and source declarations","label":"18.6","major":"18","manifest":{"index":"index.html","major":"18","pages":1148,"pdf":{"A4":{"built_at":"2026-09-26","bytes":15865106,"pages":3154,"sha256":"19512c405da53f9f7fcf0abba359223aa65f021be025bf3411381918f92e3190","url":"/files/documentation/pdf/18/postgresql-18-A4.pdf"},"US":{"built_at":"2026-09-26","bytes":15748059,"pages":3328,"sha256":"facbe6c229e598b872d3d98bef53308f46e06746006fa4590de9a7de9dd46319","url":"/files/documentation/pdf/18/postgresql-18-US.pdf"}},"release":"18.6","source_mode":"en SGML built with pinned official archive","source_sha256":"555610c24d53e4316da5b7d3fc25c279d96856d5e0e23ee308c328c5fa881d9f","source_url":"https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v18.6/postgresql-18.6.tar.bz2","svg_assets":3,"tree":"18"},"ref":"https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v18.6/postgresql-18.6.tar.bz2","revision":"ee8d1a3612338fd9adf250730cb640fcc5233b5491337cc00a316a44e3a0b9f8","source_sha256":"555610c24d53e4316da5b7d3fc25c279d96856d5e0e23ee308c328c5fa881d9f"},"sections":[],"sections_zh":[],"signature":"pg_checksums [ option ...] [[ -D | --pgdata ] datadir ]","sources":[{"anchor":"","file":"app-pgchecksums.html","label":"18.6 English manual · app-pgchecksums.html","sha256":"b16216257df55c09f6cc76f43a9c8ac811fda49b3a4490608f936681aa3cd4c2","url":"/docs/18/app-pgchecksums.html"},{"anchor":"","file":"reference-server.html","label":"Server applications inventory","sha256":"e9f8bbcc8e3641fadd1d20991e8aad6b532155b786ba5a1b7b364ec4f1a5bef3","url":"/docs/18/reference-server.html"}],"synopsis":["pg_checksums [ option ...] [[ -D | --pgdata ] datadir ]"],"tables":[{"columns":[{"key":"signature","label":"Option and arguments"},{"key":"summary","label":"Description"}],"key":"options","rows":[{"signature":{"text":"-D directory --pgdata= directory","url":"/docs/18/app-pgchecksums.html"},"summary":"Specifies the directory where the database cluster is stored."},{"signature":{"text":"-c --check","url":"/docs/18/app-pgchecksums.html"},"summary":"Checks checksums. This is the default mode if nothing else is specified."},{"signature":{"text":"-d --disable","url":"/docs/18/app-pgchecksums.html"},"summary":"Disables checksums."},{"signature":{"text":"-e --enable","url":"/docs/18/app-pgchecksums.html"},"summary":"Enables checksums."},{"signature":{"text":"-f filenode --filenode= filenode","url":"/docs/18/app-pgchecksums.html"},"summary":"Only validate checksums in the relation with filenode filenode ."},{"signature":{"text":"-N --no-sync","url":"/docs/18/app-pgchecksums.html"},"summary":"By default, pg_checksums will wait for all files to be written safely to disk. This option causes pg_checksums to return without waiting, which is faster, but means that a subsequent operating system crash can leave the updated data directory corrupt. Generally, this option is useful for testing but should not be used on a production installation. This option has no effect when using --check ."},{"signature":{"text":"-P --progress","url":"/docs/18/app-pgchecksums.html"},"summary":"Enable progress reporting. Turning this on will deliver a progress report while checking or enabling checksums."},{"signature":{"text":"--sync-method= method","url":"/docs/18/app-pgchecksums.html"},"summary":"When set to fsync , which is the default, pg_checksums will recursively open and synchronize all files in the data directory. The search for files will follow symbolic links for the WAL directory and each configured tablespace."},{"signature":{"text":"-v --verbose","url":"/docs/18/app-pgchecksums.html"},"summary":"Enable verbose output. Lists all checked files."},{"signature":{"text":"-V --version","url":"/docs/18/app-pgchecksums.html"},"summary":"Print the pg_checksums version and exit."},{"signature":{"text":"-? --help","url":"/docs/18/app-pgchecksums.html"},"summary":"Show help about pg_checksums command line arguments, and exit."}],"title":"Documented options"},{"columns":[{"key":"name","label":"Variable"},{"key":"description","label":"Meaning"}],"key":"environment","rows":[{"description":"Specifies the directory where the database cluster is stored; can be overridden using the -D option.","name":"PGDATA"},{"description":"Specifies whether to use color in diagnostic messages. Possible values are always , auto and never .","name":"PG_COLOR"}],"title":"Environment variables"}],"tables_zh":[{"columns":[{"key":"signature","label":"选项与参数"},{"key":"summary","label":"说明"}],"key":"options","rows":[{"signature":{"text":"-D directory --pgdata= directory","url":"/docs/18/app-pgchecksums.html"},"summary":"指定存储数据库集簇的目录。"},{"signature":{"text":"-c --check","url":"/docs/18/app-pgchecksums.html"},"summary":"检查校验和。如果没有指定其他模式，这是默认模式。"},{"signature":{"text":"-d --disable","url":"/docs/18/app-pgchecksums.html"},"summary":"禁用校验和。"},{"signature":{"text":"-e --enable","url":"/docs/18/app-pgchecksums.html"},"summary":"启用校验和。"},{"signature":{"text":"-f filenode --filenode= filenode","url":"/docs/18/app-pgchecksums.html"},"summary":"仅验证文件节点为 filenode 的关系中的校验和。"},{"signature":{"text":"-N --no-sync","url":"/docs/18/app-pgchecksums.html"},"summary":"默认情况下， pg_checksums 会等待所有文件被安全写入磁盘。该选项会使 pg_checksums 直接返回而不等待，这样速度更快，但也意味着如果随后操作系统崩溃，更新后的数据目录可能会损坏。通常，此选项适合测试，但不应在生产环境中使用。使用 --check 时，此选项不起作用。"},{"signature":{"text":"-P --progress","url":"/docs/18/app-pgchecksums.html"},"summary":"启用进度报告。启用此选项后，在检查或启用校验和时会输出进度报告。"},{"signature":{"text":"--sync-method= method","url":"/docs/18/app-pgchecksums.html"},"summary":"设为 fsync （默认值）时， pg_checksums 会递归打开并同步数据目录中的所有文件。查找文件时会跟随 WAL 目录和每个已配置表空间的符号链接。"},{"signature":{"text":"-v --verbose","url":"/docs/18/app-pgchecksums.html"},"summary":"启用详细输出，列出所有被检查的文件。"},{"signature":{"text":"-V --version","url":"/docs/18/app-pgchecksums.html"},"summary":"打印 pg_checksums 版本并退出。"},{"signature":{"text":"-? --help","url":"/docs/18/app-pgchecksums.html"},"summary":"显示关于 pg_checksums 命令行参数的帮助并退出。"}],"title":"手册中的选项"},{"columns":[{"key":"name","label":"变量"},{"key":"description","label":"含义"}],"key":"environment","rows":[{"description":"指定存储数据库集簇的目录；可以用 -D 选项覆盖。","name":"PGDATA"},{"description":"指定诊断消息是否使用颜色。可选值为 always 、 auto 和 never 。","name":"PG_COLOR"}],"title":"环境变量"}],"zh_from":{"authored_translation":"source-derived-identity","body_sha256":"26d765fdb2c2b617db49f88701585b8e0b3d9ea1fa817a690bcb7c7478d28a4f","kind":"same-version-chinese-manual-with-source-derived-identity","manual":{"anchor":"","build_id":107,"extraction":"command-description-and-options","fragment_sha256":"335cf5baa6abd60267b7d7e36f247e760def9d836570dfd6759e86297dd4a693","locale":"zh-Hans","page_key":"app-pgchecksums.html","source_hash":"bedb5cc019cf0b63b7447217fd38288cc6393371e06f359b6085ef209c1844bd","source_revision":"unknown:rendered-translation-baseline","translated_from_revision":null,"translation_revision":"git:b1b500221dbe5437cfca004d6b04d3f6e422765d;html-sha256:08e987a66af27b98444a8057c256314eafa13611a3fb9e888214fc436824244b","url":"/zh/docs/18/app-pgchecksums.html","version":"18"},"runtime_rerun":false,"source_facts_revision":"ee8d1a3612338fd9adf250730cb640fcc5233b5491337cc00a316a44e3a0b9f8"}},"ManualEvidence":{"manual_path":"app-pgchecksums.html","release":{"channel":"stable","evidence_kind":"English manual and source declarations","label":"18.6","major":"18","manifest":{"index":"index.html","major":"18","pages":1148,"pdf":{"A4":{"built_at":"2026-09-26","bytes":15865106,"pages":3154,"sha256":"19512c405da53f9f7fcf0abba359223aa65f021be025bf3411381918f92e3190","url":"/files/documentation/pdf/18/postgresql-18-A4.pdf"},"US":{"built_at":"2026-09-26","bytes":15748059,"pages":3328,"sha256":"facbe6c229e598b872d3d98bef53308f46e06746006fa4590de9a7de9dd46319","url":"/files/documentation/pdf/18/postgresql-18-US.pdf"}},"release":"18.6","source_mode":"en SGML built with pinned official archive","source_sha256":"555610c24d53e4316da5b7d3fc25c279d96856d5e0e23ee308c328c5fa881d9f","source_url":"https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v18.6/postgresql-18.6.tar.bz2","svg_assets":3,"tree":"18"},"ref":"https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v18.6/postgresql-18.6.tar.bz2","revision":"ee8d1a3612338fd9adf250730cb640fcc5233b5491337cc00a316a44e3a0b9f8","source_sha256":"555610c24d53e4316da5b7d3fc25c279d96856d5e0e23ee308c328c5fa881d9f"},"sources":[{"anchor":"","file":"app-pgchecksums.html","label":"18.6 English manual · app-pgchecksums.html","sha256":"b16216257df55c09f6cc76f43a9c8ac811fda49b3a4490608f936681aa3cd4c2","url":"/docs/18/app-pgchecksums.html"},{"anchor":"","file":"reference-server.html","label":"Server applications inventory","sha256":"e9f8bbcc8e3641fadd1d20991e8aad6b532155b786ba5a1b7b364ec4f1a5bef3","url":"/docs/18/reference-server.html"}]},"MeasuredEvidence":{}},"Text":{"Collection":"tool","Key":"pg-checksums","SourceDatabase":"center","Version":"18","Locale":"en","Title":"pg_checksums","Summary":"pg_checksums — enable, disable or check data checksums in a PostgreSQL database cluster","BodyHTML":"\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cdiv id=\"APP-PGCHECKSUMS\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan\u003epg_checksums\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003epg_checksums — enable, disable or check data checksums in a \u003cspan\u003ePostgreSQL\u003c/span\u003e database cluster\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSynopsis\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cp id=\"id-1.9.5.5.4.1\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003epg_checksums\u003c/code\u003e [\u003cem\u003e\u003ccode\u003eoption\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/em\u003e...] [[ \u003ccode\u003e-D\u003c/code\u003e | \u003ccode\u003e--pgdata\u003c/code\u003e ]\u003cem\u003e\u003ccode\u003edatadir\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/em\u003e]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"R1-APP-PGCHECKSUMS-1\"\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eDescription\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003epg_checksums\u003c/span\u003e checks, enables or disables data checksums in a \u003cspan\u003ePostgreSQL\u003c/span\u003e cluster. The server must be shut down cleanly before running \u003cspan\u003epg_checksums\u003c/span\u003e. When verifying checksums, the exit status is zero if there are no checksum errors, and nonzero if at least one checksum failure is detected. When enabling or disabling checksums, the exit status is nonzero if the operation failed.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen verifying checksums, every file in the cluster is scanned. When enabling checksums, each relation file block with a changed checksum is rewritten in-place. Disabling checksums only updates the file \u003ccode\u003epg_control\u003c/code\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"id-1.9.5.5.6\"\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eOptions\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe following command-line options are available:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ccode\u003e-D \u003cem\u003e\u003ccode\u003edirectory\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ccode\u003e--pgdata=\u003cem\u003e\u003ccode\u003edirectory\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSpecifies the directory where the database cluster is stored.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ccode\u003e-c\u003c/code\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ccode\u003e--check\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eChecks checksums. This is the default mode if nothing else is specified.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ccode\u003e-d\u003c/code\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ccode\u003e--disable\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDisables checksums.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ccode\u003e-e\u003c/code\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ccode\u003e--enable\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEnables checksums.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ccode\u003e-f \u003cem\u003e\u003ccode\u003efilenode\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ccode\u003e--filenode=\u003cem\u003e\u003ccode\u003efilenode\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOnly validate checksums in the relation with filenode \u003cem\u003e\u003ccode\u003efilenode\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/em\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ccode\u003e-N\u003c/code\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ccode\u003e--no-sync\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBy default, \u003ccode\u003epg_checksums\u003c/code\u003e will wait for all files to be written safely to disk. This option causes \u003ccode\u003epg_checksums\u003c/code\u003e to return without waiting, which is faster, but means that a subsequent operating system crash can leave the updated data directory corrupt. Generally, this option is useful for testing but should not be used on a production installation. This option has no effect when using \u003ccode\u003e--check\u003c/code\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ccode\u003e-P\u003c/code\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ccode\u003e--progress\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEnable progress reporting. Turning this on will deliver a progress report while checking or enabling checksums.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ccode\u003e--sync-method=\u003cem\u003e\u003ccode\u003emethod\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen set to \u003ccode\u003efsync\u003c/code\u003e, which is the default, \u003ccode\u003epg_checksums\u003c/code\u003e will recursively open and synchronize all files in the data directory. The search for files will follow symbolic links for the WAL directory and each configured tablespace.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOn Linux, \u003ccode\u003esyncfs\u003c/code\u003e may be used instead to ask the operating system to synchronize the whole file systems that contain the data directory, the WAL files, and each tablespace. See \u003ca href=\"/docs/18/runtime-config-error-handling.html#GUC-RECOVERY-INIT-SYNC-METHOD\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003erecovery_init_sync_method\u003c/a\u003e for information about the caveats to be aware of when using \u003ccode\u003esyncfs\u003c/code\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis option has no effect when \u003ccode\u003e--no-sync\u003c/code\u003e is used.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ccode\u003e-v\u003c/code\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ccode\u003e--verbose\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEnable verbose output. Lists all checked files.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ccode\u003e-V\u003c/code\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ccode\u003e--version\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePrint the \u003cspan\u003epg_checksums\u003c/span\u003e version and exit.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ccode\u003e-?\u003c/code\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ccode\u003e--help\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eShow help about \u003cspan\u003epg_checksums\u003c/span\u003e command line arguments, and exit.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/dd\u003e\n\u003c/dl\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"id-1.9.5.5.7\"\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eEnvironment\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ccode\u003ePGDATA\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSpecifies the directory where the database cluster is stored; can be overridden using the \u003ccode\u003e-D\u003c/code\u003e option.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ccode\u003ePG_COLOR\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSpecifies whether to use color in diagnostic messages. Possible values are \u003ccode\u003ealways\u003c/code\u003e, \u003ccode\u003eauto\u003c/code\u003e and \u003ccode\u003enever\u003c/code\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/dd\u003e\n\u003c/dl\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"id-1.9.5.5.8\"\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eNotes\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEnabling checksums in a large cluster can potentially take a long time. During this operation, the cluster or other programs that write to the data directory must not be started or else data loss may occur.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen using a replication setup with tools which perform direct copies of relation file blocks (for example \u003ca href=\"/docs/18/app-pgrewind.html\" title=\"pg_rewind\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan\u003epg_rewind\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e), enabling or disabling checksums can lead to page corruptions in the shape of incorrect checksums if the operation is not done consistently across all nodes. When enabling or disabling checksums in a replication setup, it is thus recommended to stop all the clusters before switching them all consistently. Destroying all standbys, performing the operation on the primary and finally recreating the standbys from scratch is also safe.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf \u003cspan\u003epg_checksums\u003c/span\u003e is aborted or killed while enabling or disabling checksums, the cluster\u0026#39;s data checksum configuration remains unchanged, and \u003cspan\u003epg_checksums\u003c/span\u003e can be re-run to perform the same operation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/div\u003e","SourceRevision":"ee8d1a3612338fd9adf250730cb640fcc5233b5491337cc00a316a44e3a0b9f8","ContentHash":"7c58394273904c51fde52b8f2bba9bd8c29592668052c424671ce22a34acc1d4","Payload":{"description":["pg_checksums — enable, disable or check data checksums in a PostgreSQL database cluster"],"manual_html":"\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"refentry\" id=\"APP-PGCHECKSUMS\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"titlepage\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"refnamediv\"\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003e\u003cspan class=\"refentrytitle\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"application\"\u003epg_checksums\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003epg_checksums — enable, disable or check data checksums in a \u003cspan class=\"productname\"\u003ePostgreSQL\u003c/span\u003e database cluster\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"refsynopsisdiv\"\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSynopsis\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"cmdsynopsis\"\u003e\n\u003cp id=\"id-1.9.5.5.4.1\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"command\"\u003epg_checksums\u003c/code\u003e [\u003cem class=\"replaceable\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eoption\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/em\u003e...] [[ \u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e-D\u003c/code\u003e | \u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e--pgdata\u003c/code\u003e ]\u003cem class=\"replaceable\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003edatadir\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/em\u003e]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"refsect1\" id=\"R1-APP-PGCHECKSUMS-1\"\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eDescription\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"application\"\u003epg_checksums\u003c/span\u003e checks, enables or disables data checksums in a \u003cspan class=\"productname\"\u003ePostgreSQL\u003c/span\u003e cluster. The server must be shut down cleanly before running \u003cspan class=\"application\"\u003epg_checksums\u003c/span\u003e. When verifying checksums, the exit status is zero if there are no checksum errors, and nonzero if at least one checksum failure is detected. When enabling or disabling checksums, the exit status is nonzero if the operation failed.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen verifying checksums, every file in the cluster is scanned. When enabling checksums, each relation file block with a changed checksum is rewritten in-place. Disabling checksums only updates the file \u003ccode class=\"filename\"\u003epg_control\u003c/code\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"refsect1\" id=\"id-1.9.5.5.6\"\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eOptions\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe following command-line options are available:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"variablelist\"\u003e\n\u003cdl class=\"variablelist\"\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e-D \u003cem class=\"replaceable\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003edirectory\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e--pgdata=\u003cem class=\"replaceable\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003edirectory\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSpecifies the directory where the database cluster is stored.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e-c\u003c/code\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e--check\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eChecks checksums. This is the default mode if nothing else is specified.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e-d\u003c/code\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e--disable\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDisables checksums.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e-e\u003c/code\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e--enable\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEnables checksums.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e-f \u003cem class=\"replaceable\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003efilenode\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e--filenode=\u003cem class=\"replaceable\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003efilenode\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOnly validate checksums in the relation with filenode \u003cem class=\"replaceable\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003efilenode\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/em\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e-N\u003c/code\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e--no-sync\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBy default, \u003ccode class=\"command\"\u003epg_checksums\u003c/code\u003e will wait for all files to be written safely to disk. This option causes \u003ccode class=\"command\"\u003epg_checksums\u003c/code\u003e to return without waiting, which is faster, but means that a subsequent operating system crash can leave the updated data directory corrupt. Generally, this option is useful for testing but should not be used on a production installation. This option has no effect when using \u003ccode class=\"literal\"\u003e--check\u003c/code\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e-P\u003c/code\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e--progress\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEnable progress reporting. Turning this on will deliver a progress report while checking or enabling checksums.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e--sync-method=\u003cem class=\"replaceable\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003emethod\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen set to \u003ccode class=\"literal\"\u003efsync\u003c/code\u003e, which is the default, \u003ccode class=\"command\"\u003epg_checksums\u003c/code\u003e will recursively open and synchronize all files in the data directory. The search for files will follow symbolic links for the WAL directory and each configured tablespace.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOn Linux, \u003ccode class=\"literal\"\u003esyncfs\u003c/code\u003e may be used instead to ask the operating system to synchronize the whole file systems that contain the data directory, the WAL files, and each tablespace. See \u003ca class=\"xref\" href=\"/docs/18/runtime-config-error-handling.html#GUC-RECOVERY-INIT-SYNC-METHOD\"\u003erecovery_init_sync_method\u003c/a\u003e for information about the caveats to be aware of when using \u003ccode class=\"literal\"\u003esyncfs\u003c/code\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis option has no effect when \u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e--no-sync\u003c/code\u003e is used.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e-v\u003c/code\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e--verbose\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEnable verbose output. Lists all checked files.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e-V\u003c/code\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e--version\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePrint the \u003cspan class=\"application\"\u003epg_checksums\u003c/span\u003e version and exit.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e-?\u003c/code\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e--help\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eShow help about \u003cspan class=\"application\"\u003epg_checksums\u003c/span\u003e command line arguments, and exit.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/dd\u003e\n\u003c/dl\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"refsect1\" id=\"id-1.9.5.5.7\"\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eEnvironment\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"variablelist\"\u003e\n\u003cdl class=\"variablelist\"\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"envar\"\u003ePGDATA\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSpecifies the directory where the database cluster is stored; can be overridden using the \u003ccode class=\"option\"\u003e-D\u003c/code\u003e option.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003cspan class=\"term\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"envar\"\u003ePG_COLOR\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSpecifies whether to use color in diagnostic messages. Possible values are \u003ccode class=\"literal\"\u003ealways\u003c/code\u003e, \u003ccode class=\"literal\"\u003eauto\u003c/code\u003e and \u003ccode class=\"literal\"\u003enever\u003c/code\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/dd\u003e\n\u003c/dl\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"refsect1\" id=\"id-1.9.5.5.8\"\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eNotes\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEnabling checksums in a large cluster can potentially take a long time. During this operation, the cluster or other programs that write to the data directory must not be started or else data loss may occur.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen using a replication setup with tools which perform direct copies of relation file blocks (for example \u003ca class=\"xref\" href=\"/docs/18/app-pgrewind.html\" title=\"pg_rewind\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"refentrytitle\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"application\"\u003epg_rewind\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e), enabling or disabling checksums can lead to page corruptions in the shape of incorrect checksums if the operation is not done consistently across all nodes. When enabling or disabling checksums in a replication setup, it is thus recommended to stop all the clusters before switching them all consistently. Destroying all standbys, performing the operation on the primary and finally recreating the standbys from scratch is also safe.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf \u003cspan class=\"application\"\u003epg_checksums\u003c/span\u003e is aborted or killed while enabling or disabling checksums, the cluster's data checksum configuration remains unchanged, and \u003cspan class=\"application\"\u003epg_checksums\u003c/span\u003e can be re-run to perform the same operation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/div\u003e","related":[],"sections":[],"tables":[{"columns":[{"key":"signature","label":"Option and arguments"},{"key":"summary","label":"Description"}],"key":"options","rows":[{"signature":{"text":"-D directory --pgdata= directory","url":"/docs/18/app-pgchecksums.html"},"summary":"Specifies the directory where the database cluster is stored."},{"signature":{"text":"-c --check","url":"/docs/18/app-pgchecksums.html"},"summary":"Checks checksums. This is the default mode if nothing else is specified."},{"signature":{"text":"-d --disable","url":"/docs/18/app-pgchecksums.html"},"summary":"Disables checksums."},{"signature":{"text":"-e --enable","url":"/docs/18/app-pgchecksums.html"},"summary":"Enables checksums."},{"signature":{"text":"-f filenode --filenode= filenode","url":"/docs/18/app-pgchecksums.html"},"summary":"Only validate checksums in the relation with filenode filenode ."},{"signature":{"text":"-N --no-sync","url":"/docs/18/app-pgchecksums.html"},"summary":"By default, pg_checksums will wait for all files to be written safely to disk. This option causes pg_checksums to return without waiting, which is faster, but means that a subsequent operating system crash can leave the updated data directory corrupt. Generally, this option is useful for testing but should not be used on a production installation. This option has no effect when using --check ."},{"signature":{"text":"-P --progress","url":"/docs/18/app-pgchecksums.html"},"summary":"Enable progress reporting. Turning this on will deliver a progress report while checking or enabling checksums."},{"signature":{"text":"--sync-method= method","url":"/docs/18/app-pgchecksums.html"},"summary":"When set to fsync , which is the default, pg_checksums will recursively open and synchronize all files in the data directory. The search for files will follow symbolic links for the WAL directory and each configured tablespace."},{"signature":{"text":"-v --verbose","url":"/docs/18/app-pgchecksums.html"},"summary":"Enable verbose output. Lists all checked files."},{"signature":{"text":"-V --version","url":"/docs/18/app-pgchecksums.html"},"summary":"Print the pg_checksums version and exit."},{"signature":{"text":"-? --help","url":"/docs/18/app-pgchecksums.html"},"summary":"Show help about pg_checksums command line arguments, and exit."}],"title":"Documented options"},{"columns":[{"key":"name","label":"Variable"},{"key":"description","label":"Meaning"}],"key":"environment","rows":[{"description":"Specifies the directory where the database cluster is stored; can be overridden using the -D option.","name":"PGDATA"},{"description":"Specifies whether to use color in diagnostic messages. Possible values are always , auto and never .","name":"PG_COLOR"}],"title":"Environment variables"}]}},"RequestedLocale":"en","Fallback":false,"Versions":["12","13","14","15","16","17","18","19","20"],"Locales":["en","zh-Hans"],"Signatures":null,"Spellings":null,"SQLState":null,"Evidence":null}