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", "text": "Record and check the collation version of each database (Peter Eisentraut) \u00a7 This feature is designed to detect collation version changes to avoid index corruption. Function pg_database_collation_actual_version() reports the underlying operating system collation version, and ALTER DATABASE ... REFRESH sets the recorded database collation version to match the operating system collation version.", "title": "Record and check the collation version of each database", "commits": ["37851a8b8"], "section": "Server", "category": "feature", "source_url": "/docs/release/15.0/#id-1.11.6.25.5.3", "source_hash": "8d63881a81e344cfd537982109f5e653f89fbbd4205ec2c0ea69cc54d0a2e370", "section_path": ["Server"], "commit_groups": [["37851a8b8"]], "identity_text": "Record and check the collation version of each database (Peter Eisentraut) This feature is designed to detect collation version changes to avoid index corruption. Function pg_database_collation_actual_version() reports the underlying operating system collation version, and ALTER DATABASE ... REFRESH sets the recorded database collation version to match the operating system collation version.", "commit_aliases": ["37851a8b8"], "source_commits": ["37851a8b8"], "source_entry_id": "15.0/changes/001", "db_id": "cb6b839096c8b7a7912a6d84dffbfbc7", "patch_ids": ["77f11be83e1c948d164b302aa7770cff"], "statement_hash": "e0507d5643e00ee5f61cd788512add7319e1b75b24c091897fe60760b3bde833", "relations": [], "category_label": "Features", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.0#15.0-7c346f4be5869b8c", "migration": false}, {"id": "15.0-daab9bcb4d667c3c", "cves": [], "html": "Allow ICU collations to be set as the default for clusters and databases (Peter Eisentraut) \u00a7
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", "text": "Allow ordered scans of partitions to avoid sorting in more cases (David Rowley) \u00a7 Previously, a partitioned table with a DEFAULT partition or a LIST partition containing multiple values could not be used for ordered partition scans. Now they can be used if such partitions are pruned during planning.", "title": "Allow ordered scans of partitions to avoid sorting in more cases", "commits": ["db632fbca"], "section": "Server / Partitioning", "category": "feature", "source_url": "/docs/release/15.0/#id-1.11.6.25.5.3.3", "source_hash": "a28e6edb6826ca6d236345e871276b41cd0a7f1eae1d2064f5308214d1e61118", "section_path": ["Server", "Partitioning"], "commit_groups": [["db632fbca"]], "identity_text": "Allow ordered scans of partitions to avoid sorting in more cases (David Rowley) Previously, a partitioned table with a DEFAULT partition or a LIST partition containing multiple values could not be used for ordered partition scans. Now they can be used if such partitions are pruned during planning.", "commit_aliases": ["db632fbca"], "source_commits": ["db632fbca"], "source_entry_id": "15.0/changes/005", "db_id": "51b1286e581c07b6ca114d14ee5067da", "patch_ids": ["07373f34bd5bda52984ebd8bbaf2ccb3"], "statement_hash": "bb3fcb81d3dfb4f1c7bc9d96f522a6710c487b058898b1138695bac1ba69c90e", "relations": [], "category_label": "Features", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.0#15.0-938353c98d29efe6", "migration": false}, {"id": "15.0-2eb5b78904e3a71e", "cves": [], "html": "Improve foreign key behavior of updates on partitioned tables that move rows between partitions (Amit Langote) \u00a7
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\nAlso prohibit cloned triggers from being renamed.
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That is to say, the victim will execute arbitrary SQL functions of the attacker's choice. Versions before PostgreSQL 18.4, 17.10, 16.14, 15.18, and 14.23 are affected.", "fixed": "15.18", "fixed_url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.18", "affected": "15", "component": "core server", "mentions": [{"build": "15.18", "version": "15.18", "title": "When creating a multirange type, ensure the user has CREATE privilege on the schema specified for the multirange type", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.18#15.18-5774e1af35e1add1"}], "evidence": "branch-matrix"}, {"id": "CVE-2026-6471", "title": "PostgreSQL logical decoding can dlopen arbitrary file", "url": "https://www.postgresql.org/support/security/CVE-2026-6471/", "score": 7.2, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "description": "Missing authorization in PostgreSQL logical decoding allows a non-superuser holding REPLICATION privilege to dlopen any file visible to the operating system account running the server, via the choice of logical decoding plugin. This in turn runs arbitrary code as that account. Versions before PostgreSQL 18.6, 17.11, 16.15, 15.19, and 14.24 are affected.", "fixed": "15.19", "fixed_url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.19", "affected": "15", "component": "core server", "mentions": [{"build": "15.19", "version": "15.19", "title": "Restrict logical decoding output plugins to the set specified by a new server parameter output_plugin_libraries", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.19#15.19-b1dbeb58e5a6c437"}], "evidence": "branch-matrix"}, {"id": "CVE-2026-6470", "title": "PostgreSQL fails to check type USAGE privilege", "url": "https://www.postgresql.org/support/security/CVE-2026-6470/", "score": 4.3, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L", "description": "Missing authorization in PostgreSQL DDL commands allows an object creator to achieve denial of service against ALTER and DROP of the type, via creating a dependency on the type. Many DDL operations did check the privilege, but assigning a range subtype and referencing the type from an SQL expression did not. Versions before PostgreSQL 18.6, 17.11, 16.15, 15.19, and 14.24 are affected.", "fixed": "15.19", "fixed_url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.19", "affected": "15", "component": "core server", "mentions": [{"build": "15.19", "version": "15.19", "title": "Check for USAGE privilege on data types in places that formerly failed to check that", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.19#15.19-680192fcb0e07883"}], "evidence": "branch-matrix"}, {"id": "CVE-2026-6469", "title": "PostgreSQL ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE resets extended statistics ownership", "url": "https://www.postgresql.org/support/security/CVE-2026-6469/", "score": 3.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L", "description": "Incorrect ownership assignment in PostgreSQL ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE command reassigns ownership of dependent statistics objects to the current user. This wrongly allows the table owner to run DROP STATISTICS and ALTER STATISTICS via this improper ownership. It wrongly denies those commands to the prior statistics object owner. DROP TABLE remains able to remove statistics objects, so this exploit achieves nothing in many ownership arrangements. Versions before PostgreSQL 18.6, 17.11, 16.15, 15.19, and 14.24 are affected.", "fixed": "15.19", "fixed_url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.19", "affected": "15", "component": "core server", "mentions": [{"build": "15.19", "version": "15.19", "title": "Preserve the ownership of extended statistics objects when they are rebuilt by ALTER TABLE", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.19#15.19-b4f58a948680ef82"}], "evidence": "branch-matrix"}, {"id": "CVE-2026-6464", "title": "PostgreSQL psql COPY FROM STDIN early failure processes data lines as psql commands", "url": "https://www.postgresql.org/support/security/CVE-2026-6464/", "score": 8.1, "vector": "AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "description": "Untrusted data inclusion in PostgreSQL psql COPY may allow a server administrator to elicit execution of data lines as psql commands, via error injection. If the \"COPY FROM STDIN\" or \"\\copy FROM STDIN\" command fails before the server indicates that it awaits input rows, psql processes the in-line data rows as psql commands. \"COPY FROM\" with a filename is unaffected. The server administrator has no inherent control over the data rows, so a complete attack requires the attacker to separately acquire control of both the server and the data rows. Alternatively, an attacker controlling data rows alone might complete an attack through a coincidental error that they don't control. Versions before PostgreSQL 18.6, 17.11, 16.15, 15.19, and 14.24 are affected.", "fixed": "15.19", "fixed_url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.19", "affected": "15", "component": "client", "mentions": [{"build": "15.19", "version": "15.19", "title": "Fix psql to skip in-line data following a scripted COPY ... FROM STDIN command, even if the COPY fails before sending PGRES_COPY_IN", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.19#15.19-69623f56c9e9722f"}], "evidence": "branch-matrix"}, {"id": "CVE-2026-2006", "title": "PostgreSQL missing validation of multibyte character length executes arbitrary code", "url": "https://www.postgresql.org/support/security/CVE-2026-2006/", "score": 8.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "description": "Missing validation of multibyte character length in PostgreSQL text manipulation allows a database user to issue crafted queries that achieve a buffer overrun. That suffices to execute arbitrary code as the operating system user running the database. Versions before PostgreSQL 18.2, 17.8, 16.12, 15.16, and 14.21 are affected.", "fixed": "15.16", "fixed_url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.16", "affected": "15", "component": "core server", "mentions": [{"build": "15.17", "version": "15.17", "title": "Avoid incorrect complaint of invalid encoding when substring() is applied to \u201ctoasted\u201d data", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.17#15.17-ed7a109835c41923"}, {"build": "15.16", "version": "15.16", "title": "Fix inadequate validation of multibyte character lengths", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.16#15.16-62940c666c30fc8b"}], "evidence": "branch-matrix"}, {"id": "CVE-2026-2005", "title": "PostgreSQL pgcrypto heap buffer overflow executes arbitrary code", "url": "https://www.postgresql.org/support/security/CVE-2026-2005/", "score": 8.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "description": "Heap buffer overflow in PostgreSQL pgcrypto allows a ciphertext provider to execute arbitrary code as the operating system user running the database. Versions before PostgreSQL 18.2, 17.8, 16.12, 15.16, and 14.21 are affected.", "fixed": "15.16", "fixed_url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.16", "affected": "15", "component": "contrib module", "mentions": [{"build": "15.16", "version": "15.16", "title": "Fix buffer overrun in contrib/pgcrypto's PGP decryption functions", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.16#15.16-55f620c5255ec99f"}], "evidence": "branch-matrix"}, {"id": "CVE-2026-2004", "title": "PostgreSQL intarray missing validation of type of input to selectivity estimator executes arbitrary code", "url": "https://www.postgresql.org/support/security/CVE-2026-2004/", "score": 8.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "description": "Missing validation of type of input in PostgreSQL intarray extension selectivity estimator function allows an object creator to execute arbitrary code as the operating system user running the database. Versions before PostgreSQL 18.2, 17.8, 16.12, 15.16, and 14.21 are affected.", "fixed": "15.16", "fixed_url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.16", "affected": "15", "component": "contrib module", "mentions": [{"build": "15.16", "version": "15.16", "title": "Harden selectivity estimators against being attached to operators that accept unexpected data types", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.16#15.16-9ecdcfc6d990fa17"}], "evidence": "branch-matrix"}, {"id": "CVE-2026-2003", "title": "PostgreSQL oidvector discloses a few bytes of memory", "url": "https://www.postgresql.org/support/security/CVE-2026-2003/", "score": 4.3, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N", "description": "Improper validation of type \"oidvector\" in PostgreSQL allows a database user to disclose a few bytes of server memory. We have not ruled out viability of attacks that arrange for presence of confidential information in disclosed bytes, but they seem unlikely. Versions before PostgreSQL 18.2, 17.8, 16.12, 15.16, and 14.21 are affected.", "fixed": "15.16", "fixed_url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.16", "affected": "15", "component": "core server", "mentions": [{"build": "15.16", "version": "15.16", "title": "Guard against unexpected dimensions of oidvector/int2vector", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.16#15.16-cffa85682917fc25"}], "evidence": "branch-matrix"}, {"id": "CVE-2026-19385", "title": "PostgreSQL pg_dump heap buffer overflow executes arbitrary code", "url": "https://www.postgresql.org/support/security/CVE-2026-19385/", "score": 8.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "description": "Heap buffer overflow in PostgreSQL pg_dump of long function transform lists allows an object creator to execute arbitrary code as the operating system user running pg_dump, via a crafted transform list. Versions before PostgreSQL 18.6, 17.11, 16.15, 15.19, and 14.24 are affected.", "fixed": "15.19", "fixed_url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.19", "affected": "15", "component": "client", "mentions": [{"build": "15.19", "version": "15.19", "title": "Remove pg_dump's assumption that pg_proc.protrftypes cannot have more than FUNC_MAX_ARGS entries", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.19#15.19-fa846de81d1d3c18"}], "evidence": "branch-matrix"}, {"id": "CVE-2026-18408", "title": "PostgreSQL psql \\unrestrict lets superuser of pg_dump origin server execute arbitrary code in psql client", "url": "https://www.postgresql.org/support/security/CVE-2026-18408/", "score": 8.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "description": "Untrusted data inclusion in pg_dump in PostgreSQL allows a malicious superuser of the origin server to inject arbitrary code for restore-time execution as the client operating system account running psql to restore the dump, via psql \\restrict meta-command input expansion. The fix for CVE-2025-8714 introduced \\restrict and \\unrestrict to block this attack, but \\unrestrict itself was sufficient for an attack. pg_dumpall is also affected. pg_restore is affected when used to generate a plain-format dump. Non-core use of \\restrict would be affected, but we've not identified non-core use. Versions before PostgreSQL 18.6, 17.11, 16.15, 15.19, and 14.24 are affected.", "fixed": "15.19", "fixed_url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.19", "affected": "15", "component": "client", "mentions": [{"build": "15.19", "version": "15.19", "title": "Do not do backquote expansion on the argument of psql's \\unrestrict command", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.19#15.19-1eaa89bc0932599c"}], "evidence": "branch-matrix"}, {"id": "CVE-2026-18024", "title": "PostgreSQL ascii() function reads past end of buffer", "url": "https://www.postgresql.org/support/security/CVE-2026-18024/", "score": 4.3, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N", "description": "Buffer over-read in PostgreSQL ascii() SQL function allows a user to disclose up to 3 bytes after the end of a specific allocation, via a crafted text value. This is the same class of defect that CVE-2026-2006 fixed, though this instance has less impact. Versions before PostgreSQL 18.6, 17.11, 16.15, 15.19, and 14.24 are affected.", "fixed": "15.19", "fixed_url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.19", "affected": "15", "component": "core server", "mentions": [{"build": "15.19", "version": "15.19", "title": "Harden the ascii() function against invalid input", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.19#15.19-7d22c46c0b1e985e"}], "evidence": "branch-matrix"}, {"id": "CVE-2026-16241", "title": "PostgreSQL ECPG integer underflow can crash the client", "url": "https://www.postgresql.org/support/security/CVE-2026-16241/", "score": 3.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L", "description": "Integer underflow in PostgreSQL ECPG allows a database server administrator to achieve temporary denial of service against the ECPG client via sending a bytea value lacking the mandatory prefix. The client overwrites a huge memory region with bytes outside attacker knowledge or control. This typically yields a simple SIGSEGV, but rare cases might achieve client-specific integrity impact via the write. Versions before PostgreSQL 18.6, 17.11, 16.15, 15.19, and 14.24 are affected.", "fixed": "15.19", "fixed_url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.19", "affected": "15", "component": "client", "mentions": [{"build": "15.19", "version": "15.19", "title": "Fix out-of-bounds writes in ecpg applications caused by invalid bytea data received from the server", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.19#15.19-8ab80940f2e8c31e"}], "evidence": "branch-matrix"}, {"id": "CVE-2026-16239", "title": "PostgreSQL type confusion in cursor CLOSE + DECLARE executes arbitrary code", "url": "https://www.postgresql.org/support/security/CVE-2026-16239/", "score": 8.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "description": "Type confusion in PostgreSQL \"portal\"/cursor lifecycle allows a user to execute arbitrary code as the operating system user running the database, via re-creation of a cursor or other portal with different types. Versions before PostgreSQL 18.6, 17.11, 16.15, 15.19, and 14.24 are affected.", "fixed": "15.19", "fixed_url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.19", "affected": "15", "component": "core server", "mentions": [{"build": "15.19", "version": "15.19", "title": "Cross-check the output row type of a portal running EXECUTE or FETCH", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.19#15.19-1912ca9b594fe54f"}], "evidence": "branch-matrix"}, {"id": "CVE-2026-16238", "title": "PostgreSQL type confusion in pg_restore_attribute_stats() executes arbitrary code", "url": "https://www.postgresql.org/support/security/CVE-2026-16238/", "score": 8.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "description": "Type confusion in PostgreSQL pg_restore_attribute_stats() allows an object creator to execute arbitrary code as the operating system user running the database, via conflation of range and multirange values. Within major version 18, minor versions before PostgreSQL 18.6 are affected. Versions before PostgreSQL 18 are unaffected.", "fixed": "", "fixed_url": "", "affected": "", "component": "core server", "mentions": [{"build": "15.19", "version": "15.19", "title": "Fix multirange type handling in pg_restore_attribute_stats()", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.19#15.19-ba8cb69723cdb335"}], "evidence": "release-note-mention"}, {"id": "CVE-2026-15742", "title": "PostgreSQL fuzzystrmatch writes effectively-arbitrary addresses, via integer wraparound", "url": "https://www.postgresql.org/support/security/CVE-2026-15742/", "score": 8.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "description": "Integer wraparound in PostgreSQL fuzzystrmatch allows a user to direct writes to a huge range of addresses, executing arbitrary code as the operating system user running the database, via extreme inputs to SQL function levenshtein() or levenshtein_less_equal(). Versions before PostgreSQL 18.6, 17.11, 16.15, 15.19, and 14.24 are affected.", "fixed": "15.19", "fixed_url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.19", "affected": "15", "component": "contrib module", "mentions": [{"build": "15.19", "version": "15.19", "title": "Fix integer overflows in contrib/fuzzystrmatch's levenshtein() and levenshtein_less_equal() functions", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.19#15.19-45fb139f005bf72d"}], "evidence": "branch-matrix"}, {"id": "CVE-2026-15741", "title": "PostgreSQL expression deparse allows SQL injection via EXTRACT argument", "url": "https://www.postgresql.org/support/security/CVE-2026-15741/", "score": 8.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "description": "SQL injection in PostgreSQL EXTRACT() deparse allows an object owner to execute arbitrary SQL as a superuser via a hostile object definition. Attacks affect expression deparse consumers broadly, including pg_dump, psql commands like \\sf, and any similar usage in non-core tools. Versions before PostgreSQL 18.6, 17.11, 16.15, 15.19, and 14.24 are affected.", "fixed": "15.19", "fixed_url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.19", "affected": "15", "component": "core server", "mentions": [{"build": "15.19", "version": "15.19", "title": "When deparsing an EXTRACT() function call, quote the field name if needed", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.19#15.19-a14e35e1025f9ddc"}], "evidence": "branch-matrix"}, {"id": "CVE-2026-14681", "title": "PostgreSQL improper enforcement of GSSAPI encryption when coupled with SSL", "url": "https://www.postgresql.org/support/security/CVE-2026-14681/", "score": 4.2, "vector": "AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N", "description": "Improper enforcement of message integrity in PostgreSQL GSSAPI support allows a user to negotiate GSSAPI contrary to pg_hba.conf rules, via initial direct TLS connection. Despite a pg_hba.conf that appears to require GSSAPI, the connection may exchange data over TLS encryption alone. If the TLS settings are more permissive than the GSS settings, the connection may continue with lesser protection. Within major versions 17-18, minor versions before PostgreSQL 18.6 and 17.11 are affected. Versions before PostgreSQL 17 are unaffected.", "fixed": "", "fixed_url": "", "affected": "", "component": "core server", "mentions": [{"build": "15.19", "version": "15.19", "title": "Reject GSSEncRequest after direct SSL connection", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.19#15.19-c6bce83a8c49af2c"}], "evidence": "release-note-mention"}, {"id": "CVE-2026-14680", "title": "PostgreSQL type confusion via \"internal\" arguments", "url": "https://www.postgresql.org/support/security/CVE-2026-14680/", "score": 8.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "description": "Type confusion with PostgreSQL \"internal\" data type arguments allows any user to execute arbitrary code as the operating system user running the database, via calls to functions with that argument type. Type \"internal\" represents a class of mutually-incompatible data structures not intended for access from SQL. The system intended to prevent such function calls, but this prevention had gaps. Versions before PostgreSQL 18.6, 17.11, 16.15, 15.19, and 14.24 are affected.", "fixed": "15.19", "fixed_url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.19", "affected": "15", "component": "core server", "mentions": [{"build": "15.19", "version": "15.19", "title": "Reject calls from SQL to functions that take or return type internal", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.19#15.19-945b15baee4c22d6"}], "evidence": "branch-matrix"}, {"id": "CVE-2026-14679", "title": "PostgreSQL stack buffer overflow in argument match writes 0x0 and 0x1 to server memory", "url": "https://www.postgresql.org/support/security/CVE-2026-14679/", "score": 8.2, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H", "description": "Stack buffer overflow in PostgreSQL argument name matching allows an object creator to achieve unknown impacts via OUT parameter count. The attack can write only 0x0 and 0x1 bytes. Versions before PostgreSQL 18.6, 17.11, 16.15, 15.19, and 14.24 are affected.", "fixed": "15.19", "fixed_url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.19", "affected": "15", "component": "core server", "mentions": [{"build": "15.19", "version": "15.19", "title": "Fix various places that mistakenly assumed they would not have to deal with more than FUNC_MAX_ARGS function arguments", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.19#15.19-a19bdbedae40aee8"}], "evidence": "branch-matrix"}, {"id": "CVE-2026-14678", "title": "PostgreSQL pg_trgm picksplit reads past end of buffer", "url": "https://www.postgresql.org/support/security/CVE-2026-14678/", "score": 4.3, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N", "description": "Buffer over-read in PostgreSQL pg_trgm index picksplit function reads past end of a heap buffer. This might allow a table maintainer to infer limited memory values, via the lossy signal of index split choices. Versions before PostgreSQL 18.6, 17.11, 16.15, 15.19, and 14.24 are affected.", "fixed": "15.19", "fixed_url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.19", "affected": "15", "component": "contrib module", "mentions": [{"build": "15.19", "version": "15.19", "title": "Fix datatype error in contrib/pg_trgm's GiST picksplit function", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.19#15.19-057de36f6fc47ee3"}], "evidence": "branch-matrix"}, {"id": "CVE-2026-14677", "title": "PostgreSQL 32-bit pltcl and plperl undersize allocations, via integer wraparound", "url": "https://www.postgresql.org/support/security/CVE-2026-14677/", "score": 8.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "description": "Integer wraparound in PostgreSQL 32-bit builds of pltcl and plperl allows an object creator to cause the server to undersize an allocation and write out-of-bounds via crafted function bodies. This may execute arbitrary code as the operating system user running the database. CVE-2026-6473 had fixed similar problems. Versions before PostgreSQL 18.6, 17.11, 16.15, 15.19, and 14.24 are affected.", "fixed": "15.19", "fixed_url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.19", "affected": "15", "component": "core server", "mentions": [{"build": "15.19", "version": "15.19", "title": "Fix integer overflows in memory-allocation calculations in PL/Perl and PL/Tcl", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.19#15.19-d03175b8e62ca77d"}], "evidence": "branch-matrix"}, {"id": "CVE-2026-14676", "title": "PostgreSQL pg_stat_statements heap buffer overflow executes arbitrary code", "url": "https://www.postgresql.org/support/security/CVE-2026-14676/", "score": 8.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "description": "Heap buffer overflow in PostgreSQL pg_stat_statements allows the query author to execute arbitrary code as the operating system user running the database, via crafted queries containing array constants. Within major version 18, minor versions before PostgreSQL 18.6 are affected. Versions before PostgreSQL 18 are unaffected.", "fixed": "", "fixed_url": "", "affected": "", "component": "contrib module", "mentions": [{"build": "15.19", "version": "15.19", "title": "Fix buffer overrun in contrib/pg_stat_statements", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.19#15.19-881f882c67a9948d"}], "evidence": "release-note-mention"}, {"id": "CVE-2026-14673", "title": "PostgreSQL amcheck does not clear untrusted search path", "url": "https://www.postgresql.org/support/security/CVE-2026-14673/", "score": 3.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N", "description": "Untrusted search path in PostgreSQL amcheck allows a grantee of amcheck function EXECUTE privilege to execute arbitrary functions as the owners of expression indexes that depend on the search path, via setting a hostile search path before calling the amcheck function. Within major versions 18, 16, 15, and 14, minor versions before PostgreSQL 18.6, 16.15, 15.19, and 14.24 are affected. PostgreSQL 17 is unaffected.", "fixed": "15.19", "fixed_url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.19", "affected": "15", "component": "contrib module", "mentions": [{"build": "15.19", "version": "15.19", "title": "Ensure that contrib/amcheck functions restrict search_path before executing index expressions", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.19#15.19-ab72faa7677e5388"}], "evidence": "branch-matrix"}, {"id": "CVE-2026-14672", "title": "PostgreSQL observable response discrepancy with non-default scram_iterations provides user existence oracle", "url": "https://www.postgresql.org/support/security/CVE-2026-14672/", "score": 5.3, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N", "description": "Observable response discrepancy in PostgreSQL SCRAM authentication allows an unauthenticated user to test the existence of a user via observing the SCRAM iteration count. This requires the probed user to have a non-default scram_iterations count, because the authentication challenge for a nonexistent user reports the default scram_iterations. Within major versions 16-18, minor versions before PostgreSQL 18.6, 17.11, and 16.15 are affected. Versions before PostgreSQL 16 are unaffected.", "fixed": "", "fixed_url": "", "affected": "", "component": "core server", "mentions": [{"build": "15.19", "version": "15.19", "title": "Make mock SCRAM authentication secrets more plausible", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.19#15.19-df0f61cd55651315"}], "evidence": "release-note-mention"}, {"id": "CVE-2026-14671", "title": "PostgreSQL refint plan cache type confusion executes arbitrary code", "url": "https://www.postgresql.org/support/security/CVE-2026-14671/", "score": 8.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "description": "Type confusion in PostgreSQL module \"refint\" allows an object creator to execute arbitrary code as the operating system user running the database. The fix for this emerged as a non-security bug report, and the fix appear in the git repository with subject \"refint: Remove plan cache.\", without a CVE number. Versions before PostgreSQL 18.6, 17.11, 16.15, 15.19, and 14.24 are affected.", "fixed": "15.19", "fixed_url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.19", "affected": "15", "component": "contrib module", "mentions": [{"build": "15.19", "version": "15.19", "title": "Remove the plan cache in contrib/refint", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.19#15.19-cf70552f3d82a213"}], "evidence": "branch-matrix"}, {"id": "CVE-2026-14670", "title": "PostgreSQL plperl tied object heap buffer overflow executes arbitrary code", "url": "https://www.postgresql.org/support/security/CVE-2026-14670/", "score": 8.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "description": "Heap buffer overflow in PostgreSQL plperl return of a tied hash allows the function owner to execute arbitrary code as the operating system user running the database, via a crafted function body. Versions before PostgreSQL 18.6, 17.11, 16.15, 15.19, and 14.24 are affected.", "fixed": "15.19", "fixed_url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.19", "affected": "15", "component": "core server", "mentions": [{"build": "15.19", "version": "15.19", "title": "Harden PL/Perl against \u201ctied\u201d Perl arrays and hashes", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.19#15.19-31838acd743ddb41"}], "evidence": "branch-matrix"}, {"id": "CVE-2026-14669", "title": "PostgreSQL to_char heap buffer overflow executes arbitrary code", "url": "https://www.postgresql.org/support/security/CVE-2026-14669/", "score": 8.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "description": "Heap buffer overflow in PostgreSQL to_char(timestamptz) allows the party choosing the timezone to execute arbitrary code as the operating system user running the database, via a long POSIX timezone abbreviation. Versions before PostgreSQL 18.6, 17.11, 16.15, 15.19, and 14.24 are affected.", "fixed": "15.19", "fixed_url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.19", "affected": "15", "component": "core server", "mentions": [{"build": "15.19", "version": "15.19", "title": "Fix buffer overrun with long time zone abbreviation in to_char()", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.19#15.19-4395db3387c7cd38-1"}], "evidence": "branch-matrix"}, {"id": "CVE-2026-14668", "title": "PostgreSQL ctid type confusion in selectivity estimator discloses derivative of arbitrary read", "url": "https://www.postgresql.org/support/security/CVE-2026-14668/", "score": 8.1, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H", "description": "Type confusion regarding input of PostgreSQL ctid data type selectivity estimator allows an object creator to view a calculation derived from the value of an arbitrary 4-byte span of memory, via a chosen non-ctid input. While the calculation loses precision, substantial memory value recovery appears possible. Versions before PostgreSQL 18.6, 17.11, 16.15, 15.19, and 14.24 are affected.", "fixed": "15.19", "fixed_url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.19", "affected": "15", "component": "core server", "mentions": [{"build": "15.19", "version": "15.19", "title": "Make scalarineqsel() check that a constant it expects to be of type tid actually is", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.19#15.19-e5c6e044e35ae26d"}], "evidence": "branch-matrix"}, {"id": "CVE-2026-14666", "title": "PostgreSQL row security caching disregards role modifications", "url": "https://www.postgresql.org/support/security/CVE-2026-14666/", "score": 4.2, "vector": "AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N", "description": "Incomplete tracking in PostgreSQL of changes to role membership, role attributes, and database ownership allows a query to continue using cached row-level security policies after those changes require a different policy, via plan reuse. Stale policies continue until some other event invalidates the cache or connection termination ends the session. This permits a user to complete reads and modifications that were recently permitted but now forbidden. An attacker must tailor an attack to a particular application's pattern of privilege removal and role-specific row security policies. Versions before PostgreSQL 18.6, 17.11, 16.15, 15.19, and 14.24 are affected.", "fixed": "15.19", "fixed_url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.19", "affected": "15", "component": "core server", "mentions": [{"build": "15.19", "version": "15.19", "title": "Invalidate role-dependent cached plans after role changes", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.19#15.19-90c7239f7a1b81bc"}], "evidence": "branch-matrix"}, {"id": "CVE-2026-14664", "title": "PostgreSQL regexp heap buffer overflow executes arbitrary code", "url": "https://www.postgresql.org/support/security/CVE-2026-14664/", "score": 8.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "description": "Heap buffer overflow in PostgreSQL regexp allows the query author to execute arbitrary code as the operating system user running the database, via text that would not pass encoding validation. This shares heritage with CVE-2026-2006, but this case involved unanticipated data growth when round-tripped through pg_wchar. Versions before PostgreSQL 18.6, 17.11, 16.15, 15.19, and 14.24 are affected.", "fixed": "15.19", "fixed_url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.19", "affected": "15", "component": "core server", "mentions": [{"build": "15.19", "version": "15.19", "title": "Fix buffer overrun in regexp match/split functions", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.19#15.19-8a672df6043ea295"}], "evidence": "branch-matrix"}, {"id": "CVE-2026-14663", "title": "PostgreSQL pgcrypto, for OpenSSL-disabled ciphers, silently encrypts to and decrypts from cleartext", "url": "https://www.postgresql.org/support/security/CVE-2026-14663/", "score": 6.5, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N", "description": "Cleartext storage in PostgreSQL pgcrypto disabled ciphers allows a user to recover cleartext, via direct observation of the faulty ciphertext. The OpenSSL version and OpenSSL configuration determine the disabled ciphers. If the application accepts encrypted data as input, decryption will succeed even with the wrong key. This in turn loses the modest protection from the Modification Detection Code (MDC). Affected functions are pgp_sym_encrypt, pgp_sym_decrypt, pgp_pub_encrypt, pgp_pub_decrypt, pgp_sym_encrypt_bytea, pgp_sym_decrypt_bytea, pgp_pub_encrypt_bytea, and pgp_pub_decrypt_bytea. Versions before PostgreSQL 18.6, 17.11, 16.15, 15.19, and 14.24 are affected.", "fixed": "15.19", "fixed_url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.19", "affected": "15", "component": "contrib module", "mentions": [{"build": "15.19", "version": "15.19", "title": "Fix contrib/pgcrypto's PGP encryption to detect unsupported ciphers", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.19#15.19-09644d5ff1559695"}], "evidence": "branch-matrix"}, {"id": "CVE-2026-14662", "title": "PostgreSQL tsvector and tsquery undersize allocations, via integer wraparound", "url": "https://www.postgresql.org/support/security/CVE-2026-14662/", "score": 8.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "description": "Integer wraparound in PostgreSQL tsvector and tsquery data type functions allows an unprivileged database user to cause the server to undersize an allocation and write out-of-bounds, via crafted large inputs. This may execute arbitrary code as the operating system user running the database. These types are typically sourced from application logic, not taken from the application's user. Hence, application users attacking the database, through the application as a conduit, are unlikely. CVE-2026-6473 had fixed similar problems. Versions before PostgreSQL 18.6, 17.11, 16.15, 15.19, and 14.24 are affected.", "fixed": "15.19", "fixed_url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.19", "affected": "15", "component": "core server", "mentions": [{"build": "15.19", "version": "15.19", "title": "Harden tsvector and tsquery code against overly long values (both individual lexemes and total vector/query length)", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.19#15.19-17c179b4d9e41496"}], "evidence": "branch-matrix"}, {"id": "CVE-2025-8715", "title": "PostgreSQL pg_dump newline in object name executes arbitrary code in psql client and in restore target server", "url": "https://www.postgresql.org/support/security/CVE-2025-8715/", "score": 8.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "description": "Improper neutralization of newlines in pg_dump in PostgreSQL allows a user of the origin server to inject arbitrary code for restore-time execution as the client operating system account running psql to restore the dump, via psql meta-commands inside a purpose-crafted object name. The same attacks can achieve SQL injection as a superuser of the restore target server. pg_dumpall, pg_restore, and pg_upgrade are also affected. Versions before PostgreSQL 17.6, 16.10, 15.14, 14.19, and 13.22 are affected. Versions before 11.20 are unaffected. CVE-2012-0868 had fixed this class of problem, but version 11.20 reintroduced it.", "fixed": "15.14", "fixed_url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.14", "affected": "15", "component": "core server", "mentions": [{"build": "15.14", "version": "15.14", "title": "Convert newlines to spaces in names included in comments in pg_dump output", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.14#15.14-f808465a0b3d99e8"}], "evidence": "branch-matrix"}, {"id": "CVE-2025-8714", "title": "PostgreSQL pg_dump lets superuser of origin server execute arbitrary code in psql client", "url": "https://www.postgresql.org/support/security/CVE-2025-8714/", "score": 8.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "description": "Untrusted data inclusion in pg_dump in PostgreSQL allows a malicious superuser of the origin server to inject arbitrary code for restore-time execution as the client operating system account running psql to restore the dump, via psql meta-commands. pg_dumpall is also affected. pg_restore is affected when used to generate a plain-format dump. This is similar to MySQL CVE-2024-21096. Versions before PostgreSQL 17.6, 16.10, 15.14, 14.19, and 13.22 are affected.", "fixed": "15.14", "fixed_url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.14", "affected": "15", "component": "core server", "mentions": [{"build": "15.19", "version": "15.19", "title": "Do not do backquote expansion on the argument of psql's \\unrestrict command", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.19#15.19-1eaa89bc0932599c"}, {"build": "15.14", "version": "15.14", "title": "Prevent pg_dump scripts from being used to attack the user running the restore", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.14#15.14-792ea6321c8a946b"}], "evidence": "branch-matrix"}, {"id": "CVE-2025-8713", "title": "PostgreSQL optimizer statistics can expose sampled data within a view, partition, or child table", "url": "https://www.postgresql.org/support/security/CVE-2025-8713/", "score": 3.1, "vector": "AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N", "description": "PostgreSQL optimizer statistics allow a user to read sampled data within a view that the user cannot access. Separately, statistics allow a user to read sampled data that a row security policy intended to hide. PostgreSQL maintains statistics for tables by sampling data available in columns; this data is consulted during the query planning process. Prior to this release, a user could craft a leaky operator that bypassed view access control lists (ACLs) and bypassed row security policies in partitioning or table inheritance hierarchies. Reachable statistics data notably included histograms and most-common-values lists. CVE-2017-7484 and CVE-2019-10130 intended to close this class of vulnerability, but this gap remained. Versions before PostgreSQL 17.6, 16.10, 15.14, 14.19, and 13.22 are affected.", "fixed": "15.14", "fixed_url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.14", "affected": "15", "component": "core server", "mentions": [{"build": "15.14", "version": "15.14", "title": "Tighten security checks in planner estimation functions", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.14#15.14-52cce071b03c8e4a"}], "evidence": "branch-matrix"}, {"id": "CVE-2025-4207", "title": "PostgreSQL GB18030 encoding validation can read one byte past end of allocation for text that fails validation", "url": "https://www.postgresql.org/support/security/CVE-2025-4207/", "score": 5.9, "vector": "AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H", "description": "Buffer over-read in PostgreSQL GB18030 encoding validation allows a database input provider to achieve temporary denial of service on platforms where a 1-byte over-read can elicit process termination. This affects the database server and also libpq. Versions before PostgreSQL 17.5, 16.9, 15.13, 14.18, and 13.21 are affected.", "fixed": "15.13", "fixed_url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.13", "affected": "15", "component": "core server", "mentions": [{"build": "15.13", "version": "15.13", "title": "Avoid one-byte buffer overread when examining invalidly-encoded strings that are claimed to be in GB18030 encoding", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.13#15.13-ac5445ebcc0439eb"}], "evidence": "branch-matrix"}, {"id": "CVE-2025-12818", "title": "PostgreSQL libpq undersizes allocations, via integer wraparound", "url": "https://www.postgresql.org/support/security/CVE-2025-12818/", "score": 5.9, "vector": "AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H", "description": "Integer wraparound in multiple PostgreSQL libpq client library functions allows an application input provider or network peer to cause libpq to undersize an allocation and write out-of-bounds by hundreds of megabytes. This results in a segmentation fault for the application using libpq. Versions before PostgreSQL 18.1, 17.7, 16.11, 15.15, 14.20, and 13.23 are affected.", "fixed": "15.15", "fixed_url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.15", "affected": "15", "component": "core server", "mentions": [{"build": "15.15", "version": "15.15", "title": "Avoid integer overflow in allocation-size calculations within libpq", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.15#15.15-3568c624ba81b610"}], "evidence": "branch-matrix"}, {"id": "CVE-2025-12817", "title": "PostgreSQL CREATE STATISTICS does not check for schema CREATE privilege", "url": "https://www.postgresql.org/support/security/CVE-2025-12817/", "score": 3.1, "vector": "AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L", "description": "Missing authorization in PostgreSQL CREATE STATISTICS command allows a table owner to achieve denial of service against other CREATE STATISTICS users by creating in any schema. A later CREATE STATISTICS for the same name, from a user having the CREATE privilege, would then fail. Versions before PostgreSQL 18.1, 17.7, 16.11, 15.15, 14.20, and 13.23 are affected.", "fixed": "15.15", "fixed_url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.15", "affected": "15", "component": "core server", "mentions": [{"build": "15.15", "version": "15.15", "title": "Check for CREATE privileges on the schema in CREATE STATISTICS", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.15#15.15-41d0e2da68ae7d2f"}], "evidence": "branch-matrix"}, {"id": "CVE-2025-1094", "title": "PostgreSQL quoting APIs miss neutralizing quoting syntax in text that fails encoding validation", "url": "https://www.postgresql.org/support/security/CVE-2025-1094/", "score": 8.1, "vector": "AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "description": "Improper neutralization of quoting syntax in PostgreSQL libpq functions PQescapeLiteral(), PQescapeIdentifier(), PQescapeString(), and PQescapeStringConn() allows a database input provider to achieve SQL injection in certain usage patterns. Specifically, SQL injection requires the application to use the function result to construct input to psql, the PostgreSQL interactive terminal. Similarly, improper neutralization of quoting syntax in PostgreSQL command line utility programs allows a source of command line arguments to achieve SQL injection when client_encoding is BIG5 and server_encoding is one of EUC_TW or MULE_INTERNAL. Versions before PostgreSQL 17.3, 16.7, 15.11, 14.16, and 13.19 are affected.", "fixed": "15.11", "fixed_url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.11", "affected": "15", "component": "core server", "mentions": [{"build": "15.12", "version": "15.12", "title": "Improve behavior of libpq's quoting functions", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.12#15.12-43f9b4124d940cad"}, {"build": "15.11", "version": "15.11", "title": "Harden PQescapeString and allied functions against invalidly-encoded input strings", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.11#15.11-ed0b0c5a5ce7c384"}], "evidence": "branch-matrix"}, {"id": "CVE-2024-7348", "title": "PostgreSQL relation replacement during pg_dump executes arbitrary SQL", "url": "https://www.postgresql.org/support/security/CVE-2024-7348/", "score": 8.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "description": "Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) race condition in pg_dump in PostgreSQL allows an object creator to execute arbitrary SQL functions as the user running pg_dump, which is often a superuser. The attack involves replacing another relation type with a view or foreign table. The attack requires waiting for pg_dump to start, but winning the race condition is trivial if the attacker retains an open transaction. Versions before PostgreSQL 16.4, 15.8, 14.13, 13.16, and 12.20 are affected.\n\nThe PostgreSQL project thanks Noah Misch for reporting this problem.", "fixed": "15.8", "fixed_url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.8", "affected": "15", "component": "core server", "mentions": [{"build": "15.8", "version": "15.8", "title": "Prevent unauthorized code execution during pg_dump", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.8#15.8-cb2ec150ee97d968"}], "evidence": "branch-matrix"}, {"id": "CVE-2024-4317", "title": "Restrict visibility of \"pg_stats_ext\" and \"pg_stats_ext_exprs\" entries to the table owner", "url": "https://www.postgresql.org/support/security/CVE-2024-4317/", "score": 3.1, "vector": "AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N", "description": "Missing authorization in PostgreSQL built-in views pg_stats_ext and pg_stats_ext_exprs allows an unprivileged database user to read most common values and other statistics from CREATE STATISTICS commands of other users. The most common values may reveal column values the eavesdropper could not otherwise read or results of functions they cannot execute. Installing an unaffected version only fixes fresh PostgreSQL installations, namely those that are created with the initdb utility after installing that version. Current PostgreSQL installations will remain vulnerable until they follow the instructions in the release notes, which are provided as a convenience in the below section. Within major versions 14-16, minor versions before PostgreSQL 16.3, 15.7, and 14.12 are affected. Versions before PostgreSQL 14 are unaffected.\n\nThis fix only fixes fresh PostgreSQL installations, namely those that are created with the initdb utility after this fix is applied. If you have a current PostgreSQL installation and are concerned about this issue, please use the following remediation steps to fix the issue:\n\nFrom the above URLs, you can click the URL that says \"raw\" to download a version that you can copy and paste.\n\nBe sure to use the script appropriate to your PostgreSQL major version. If you do not see this file, either your version is not vulnerable (only PostgreSQL 14, 15, and 16 are affected) or your minor version is too old to have the fix.\n\n\\i /usr/share/postgresql/fix-CVE-2024-4317.sql\n\nALTER DATABASE template0 WITH ALLOW_CONNECTIONS true;\n\nAfter executing the fix-CVE-2024-4317.sql script in template0 and template1 , you should revoke the ability for template0 to accept connections. You can do this with the following command:\n\nALTER DATABASE template0 WITH ALLOW_CONNECTIONS false;\n\nThe PostgreSQL project thanks Lukas Fittl for reporting this problem.", "fixed": "15.7", "fixed_url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.7", "affected": "15", "component": "core server", "mentions": [{"build": "15.7", "version": "15.7", "title": "Restrict visibility of pg_stats_ext and pg_stats_ext_exprs entries to the table owner", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.7#15.7-5c75daeed485b1fc"}], "evidence": "branch-matrix"}, {"id": "CVE-2024-10979", "title": "PostgreSQL PL/Perl environment variable changes execute arbitrary code", "url": "https://www.postgresql.org/support/security/CVE-2024-10979/", "score": 8.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "description": "Incorrect control of environment variables in PostgreSQL PL/Perl allows an unprivileged database user to change sensitive process environment variables (e.g. PATH ). That often suffices to enable arbitrary code execution, even if the attacker lacks a database server operating system user. Versions before PostgreSQL 17.1, 16.5, 15.9, 14.14, 13.17, and 12.21 are affected.\n\nThe PostgreSQL project thanks Coby Abrams for reporting this problem.", "fixed": "15.9", "fixed_url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.9", "affected": "15", "component": "core server", "mentions": [{"build": "15.9", "version": "15.9", "title": "Prevent trusted PL/Perl code from changing environment variables", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.9#15.9-c9b0c46ba6e5aa14"}], "evidence": "branch-matrix"}, {"id": "CVE-2024-10978", "title": "PostgreSQL SET ROLE, SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION reset to wrong user ID", "url": "https://www.postgresql.org/support/security/CVE-2024-10978/", "score": 4.2, "vector": "AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N", "description": "Incorrect privilege assignment in PostgreSQL allows a less-privileged application user to view or change different rows from those intended. An attack requires the application to use SET ROLE , SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION , or an equivalent feature. The problem arises when an application query uses parameters from the attacker or conveys query results to the attacker. If that query reacts to current_setting('role') or the current user ID, it may modify or return data as though the session had not used SET ROLE or SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION . The attacker does not control which incorrect user ID applies. Query text from less-privileged sources is not a concern here, because SET ROLE and SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION are not sandboxes for unvetted queries. Versions before PostgreSQL 17.1, 16.5, 15.9, 14.14, 13.17, and 12.21 are affected.\n\nThe PostgreSQL project thanks Tom Lane for reporting this problem.", "fixed": "15.9", "fixed_url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.9", "affected": "15", "component": "core server", "mentions": [{"build": "15.10", "version": "15.10", "title": "Restore functionality of ALTER {ROLE|DATABASE} SET role", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.10#15.10-d3c8a67fc12652c8"}, {"build": "15.9", "version": "15.9", "title": "Fix unintended interactions between SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION and SET ROLE", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.9#15.9-edbb19d6ec7f223e"}], "evidence": "branch-matrix"}, {"id": "CVE-2024-10977", "title": "PostgreSQL libpq retains an error message from man-in-the-middle", "url": "https://www.postgresql.org/support/security/CVE-2024-10977/", "score": 3.1, "vector": "AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N", "description": "Client use of server error message in PostgreSQL allows a server not trusted under current SSL or GSS settings to furnish arbitrary non-NUL bytes to the libpq application. For example, a man-in-the-middle attacker could send a long error message that a human or screen-scraper user of psql mistakes for valid query results. This is probably not a concern for clients where the user interface unambiguously indicates the boundary between one error message and other text. Versions before PostgreSQL 17.1, 16.5, 15.9, 14.14, 13.17, and 12.21 are affected.\n\nThe PostgreSQL project thanks Jacob Champion for reporting this problem.", "fixed": "15.9", "fixed_url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.9", "affected": "15", "component": "client", "mentions": [{"build": "15.9", "version": "15.9", "title": "Make libpq discard error messages received during SSL or GSS protocol negotiation", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.9#15.9-5728e455ef5ad54b"}], "evidence": "branch-matrix"}, {"id": "CVE-2024-10976", "title": "PostgreSQL row security below e.g. subqueries disregards user ID changes", "url": "https://www.postgresql.org/support/security/CVE-2024-10976/", "score": 4.2, "vector": "AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N", "description": "Incomplete tracking in PostgreSQL of tables with row security allows a reused query to view or change different rows from those intended. CVE-2023-2455 and CVE-2016-2193 fixed most interaction between row security and user ID changes. They missed cases where a subquery, WITH query, security invoker view, or SQL-language function references a table with a row-level security policy. This has the same consequences as the two earlier CVEs. That is to say, it leads to potentially incorrect policies being applied in cases where role-specific policies are used and a given query is planned under one role and then executed under other roles. This scenario can happen under security definer functions or when a common user and query is planned initially and then re-used across multiple SET ROLEs.\n\nApplying an incorrect policy may permit a user to complete otherwise-forbidden reads and modifications. This affects only databases that have used CREATE POLICY to define a row security policy. An attacker must tailor an attack to a particular application's pattern of query plan reuse, user ID changes, and role-specific row security policies. Versions before PostgreSQL 17.1, 16.5, 15.9, 14.14, 13.17, and 12.21 are affected.", "fixed": "15.9", "fixed_url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.9", "affected": "15", "component": "core server", "mentions": [{"build": "15.9", "version": "15.9", "title": "Ensure cached plans are marked as dependent on the calling role when RLS applies to a non-top-level table reference", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.9#15.9-0df8f5c6c57017c1"}], "evidence": "branch-matrix"}, {"id": "CVE-2024-0985", "title": "PostgreSQL non-owner REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW CONCURRENTLY executes arbitrary SQL", "url": "https://www.postgresql.org/support/security/CVE-2024-0985/", "score": 8.0, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "description": "UPDATE (June 19, 2024) : Added v16 as impacted. Updated description to clarify the attack vector.\n\nLate privilege drop in REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW CONCURRENTLY in PostgreSQL allows an object creator to execute arbitrary SQL functions as the command issuer. The command intends to run SQL functions as the owner of the materialized view, enabling safe refresh of untrusted materialized views. The victim is a superuser or member of one of the attacker's roles. The attack requires luring the victim into running REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW CONCURRENTLY on the attacker's materialized view.", "fixed": "15.6", "fixed_url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.6", "affected": "15", "component": "core server", "mentions": [{"build": "15.6", "version": "15.6", "title": "Tighten security restrictions within REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW CONCURRENTLY", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.6#15.6-2bcb28f72020c8de"}], "evidence": "branch-matrix"}, {"id": "CVE-2023-5870", "title": "Role \"pg_signal_backend\" can signal certain superuser processes", "url": "https://www.postgresql.org/support/security/CVE-2023-5870/", "score": 2.2, "vector": "AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L", "description": "Documentation says the pg_signal_backend role cannot signal \"a backend owned by a superuser\". On the contrary, it can signal background workers, including the logical replication launcher. It can signal autovacuum workers and the autovacuum launcher. Signaling autovacuum workers and those two launchers provides no meaningful exploit, so exploiting this vulnerability requires a non-core extension with a less-resilient background worker. For example, a non-core background worker that does not auto-restart would experience a denial of service with respect to that particular background worker.\n\nThe PostgreSQL project thanks Hemanth Sandrana and Mahendrakar Srinivasarao for reporting this problem.", "fixed": "15.5", "fixed_url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.5", "affected": "15", "component": "core server", "mentions": [{"build": "15.5", "version": "15.5", "title": "Prevent the pg_signal_backend role from signalling background workers and autovacuum processes", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.5#15.5-edd37c3a2a604e66"}], "evidence": "branch-matrix"}, {"id": "CVE-2023-5869", "title": "Buffer overrun from integer overflow in array modification", "url": "https://www.postgresql.org/support/security/CVE-2023-5869/", "score": 8.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "description": "While modifying certain SQL array values, missing overflow checks let authenticated database users write arbitrary bytes to a memory area that facilitates arbitrary code execution. Missing overflow checks also let authenticated database users read a wide area of server memory. The CVE-2021-32027 fix covered some attacks of this description, but it missed others.\n\nThe PostgreSQL project thanks Pedro Gallegos for reporting this problem.", "fixed": "15.5", "fixed_url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.5", "affected": "15", "component": "core server", "mentions": [{"build": "15.8", "version": "15.8", "title": "Detect another integer overflow case while computing new array dimensions", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.8#15.8-972cc39245b78980"}, {"build": "15.5", "version": "15.5", "title": "Detect integer overflow while computing new array dimensions", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.5#15.5-e6fff3ddb818bbdf"}], "evidence": "branch-matrix"}, {"id": "CVE-2023-5868", "title": "Memory disclosure in aggregate function calls", "url": "https://www.postgresql.org/support/security/CVE-2023-5868/", "score": 4.3, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N", "description": "Certain aggregate function calls receiving \"unknown\"-type arguments could disclose bytes of server memory from the end of the \"unknown\"-type value to the next zero byte. One typically gets an \"unknown\"-type value via a string literal having no type designation. We have not confirmed or ruled out viability of attacks that arrange for presence of notable, confidential information in disclosed bytes.\n\nThe PostgreSQL project thanks Jingzhou Fu for reporting this problem.", "fixed": "15.5", "fixed_url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.5", "affected": "15", "component": "core server", "mentions": [{"build": "15.5", "version": "15.5", "title": "Fix handling of unknown-type arguments in DISTINCT \"any\" aggregate functions", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.5#15.5-007533800ff37dbc"}], "evidence": "branch-matrix"}, {"id": "CVE-2023-39418", "title": "MERGE fails to enforce UPDATE or SELECT row security policies", "url": "https://www.postgresql.org/support/security/CVE-2023-39418/", "score": 3.1, "vector": "AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N", "description": "PostgreSQL 15 introduced the MERGE command, which fails to test new rows against row security policies defined for UPDATE and SELECT . If UPDATE and SELECT policies forbid some row that INSERT policies do not forbid, a user could store such rows. Subsequent consequences are application-dependent. This affects only databases that have used CREATE POLICY to define a row security policy.\n\nThe PostgreSQL project thanks Dean Rasheed for reporting this problem.", "fixed": "15.4", "fixed_url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.4", "affected": "15", "component": "core server", "mentions": [{"build": "15.4", "version": "15.4", "title": "Fix MERGE to enforce row security policies properly", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.4#15.4-2da949e7f1e67d5c"}], "evidence": "branch-matrix"}, {"id": "CVE-2023-39417", "title": "Extension script @substitutions@ within quoting allow SQL injection", "url": "https://www.postgresql.org/support/security/CVE-2023-39417/", "score": 7.5, "vector": "AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "description": "An extension script is vulnerable if it uses @extowner@ , @extschema@ , or @extschema:...@ inside a quoting construct (dollar quoting, '' , or \"\" ). No bundled extension is vulnerable. Vulnerable uses do appear in a documentation example and in non-bundled extensions. Hence, the attack prerequisite is an administrator having installed files of a vulnerable, trusted, non-bundled extension. Subject to that prerequisite, this enables an attacker having database-level CREATE privilege to execute arbitrary code as the bootstrap superuser. PostgreSQL will block this attack in the core server, so there's no need to modify individual extensions.\n\nThe PostgreSQL project thanks Micah Gates, Valerie Woolard, Tim Carey-Smith, and Christoph Berg for reporting this problem.", "fixed": "15.4", "fixed_url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.4", "affected": "15", "component": "core server", "mentions": [{"build": "15.4", "version": "15.4", "title": "Disallow substituting a schema or owner name into an extension script if the name contains a quote, backslash, or dollar sign", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.4#15.4-916b73de52ac811a"}], "evidence": "branch-matrix"}, {"id": "CVE-2023-2455", "title": "Row security policies disregard user ID changes after inlining", "url": "https://www.postgresql.org/support/security/CVE-2023-2455/", "score": 4.2, "vector": "AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N", "description": "While CVE-2016-2193 fixed most interaction between row security and user ID changes, it missed a scenario involving function inlining. This leads to potentially incorrect policies being applied in cases where role-specific policies are used and a given query is planned under one role and then executed under other roles. This scenario can happen under security definer functions or when a common user and query is planned initially and then re-used across multiple SET ROLE s. Applying an incorrect policy may permit a user to complete otherwise-forbidden reads and modifications. This affects only databases that have used CREATE POLICY to define a row security policy.\n\nThe PostgreSQL project thanks Wolfgang Walther for reporting this problem.", "fixed": "15.3", "fixed_url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.3", "affected": "15", "component": "core server", "mentions": [{"build": "15.3", "version": "15.3", "title": "Enforce row-level security policies correctly after inlining a set-returning function", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.3#15.3-e3062d4fe1bdb369"}], "evidence": "branch-matrix"}, {"id": "CVE-2023-2454", "title": "CREATE SCHEMA ... schema_element defeats protective search_path changes", "url": "https://www.postgresql.org/support/security/CVE-2023-2454/", "score": 7.2, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "description": "This enabled an attacker having database-level CREATE privilege to execute arbitrary code as the bootstrap superuser. Database owners have that right by default, and explicit grants may extend it to other users.\n\nThe PostgreSQL project thanks Alexander Lakhin for reporting this problem.", "fixed": "15.3", "fixed_url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.3", "affected": "15", "component": "core server", "mentions": [{"build": "15.3", "version": "15.3", "title": "Prevent CREATE SCHEMA from defeating changes in search_path", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.3#15.3-a287358dd4e8c698"}], "evidence": "branch-matrix"}, {"id": "CVE-2022-41862", "title": "Client memory disclosure when connecting, with Kerberos, to modified server", "url": "https://www.postgresql.org/support/security/CVE-2022-41862/", "score": 3.7, "vector": "AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N", "description": "A modified, unauthenticated server can send an unterminated string during the establishment of Kerberos transport encryption. When a libpq client application has a Kerberos credential cache and doesn't explicitly disable option gssencmode , a server can cause libpq to over-read and report an error message containing uninitialized bytes from and following its receive buffer. If libpq's caller somehow makes that message accessible to the attacker, this achieves a disclosure of the over-read bytes. We have not confirmed or ruled out viability of attacks that arrange for a crash or for presence of notable, confidential information in disclosed bytes.\n\nThe PostgreSQL project thanks Jacob Champion for reporting this problem.", "fixed": "15.2", "fixed_url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.2", "affected": "15", "component": "client", "mentions": [{"build": "15.2", "version": "15.2", "title": "libpq can leak memory contents after GSSAPI transport encryption initiation fails", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.2#15.2-259471afd131584c"}], "evidence": "branch-matrix"}, {"id": "CVE-2018-1058", "title": "Uncontrolled search path element in pg_dump and other client applications", "url": "https://www.postgresql.org/support/security/CVE-2018-1058/", "score": 8.8, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "description": "", "fixed": "", "fixed_url": "", "affected": "", "component": "client", "mentions": [{"build": "15.0", "version": "15.0", "title": "Remove PUBLIC creation permission on the public schema", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.0#15.0-8e9d06659badfaa6-1"}], "evidence": "release-note-mention"}, {"id": "CVE-2017-7484", "title": "selectivity estimators bypass SELECT privilege checks", "url": "https://www.postgresql.org/support/security/CVE-2017-7484/", "score": 4.3, "vector": "AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N", "description": "", "fixed": "", "fixed_url": "", "affected": "", "component": "core server", "mentions": [{"build": "15.14", "version": "15.14", "title": "Tighten security checks in planner estimation functions", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.14#15.14-52cce071b03c8e4a"}], "evidence": "release-note-mention"}, {"id": "CVE-2012-0868", "title": "Line breaks in object names can be exploited to execute arbitrary SQL when reloading a pg_dump file.", "url": "https://www.postgresql.org/support/security/CVE-2012-0868/", "score": null, "vector": "", "description": "", "fixed": "", "fixed_url": "", "affected": "", "component": "", "mentions": [{"build": "15.14", "version": "15.14", "title": "Convert newlines to spaces in names included in comments in pg_dump output", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=15.14#15.14-f808465a0b3d99e8"}], "evidence": "release-note-mention"}], "security_covered": true, "release_as_of": "2026-09-26", "security_as_of": "2026-09-26", "policy_url": "https://www.postgresql.org/support/versioning/", "pdfs": [{"label": "A4 PDF", "bytes": 14609140, "url": "/files/documentation/pdf/15/postgresql-15-A4.pdf"}, {"label": "US Letter PDF", "bytes": 14495690, "url": "/files/documentation/pdf/15/postgresql-15-US.pdf"}], "query": "", "selected_kind": "", "branches": [{"branch": "20", "url": "/wiki/versions/20/", "state": "devel", "state_label": "Development", "tag": "devel", "build": "20devel", "first_release": "", "end_of_life": "", "latest_release_date": "", "manual_url": "/docs/devel/index.html", "manual_slug": "devel", "manual_pages": 1162, "manual_loaded_at": "2026-09-28T13:12:51.679520", "source_revision": "", 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188, "performance": 10, "bugfix": 1}, "compatibility_count": 11, "cves": [], "cve_count": 0}, "latest": {"version": "18.6", "build": "18.6", "status": "stable", "date": "2026-08-13", "source_as_of": "", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=18.6", "manual_url": "/docs/18/release-18-6.html", "source_url": "/docs/release/18.6/", "entry_count": 140, "categories": {"security": 29, "improvement": 46, "bugfix": 65}, "compatibility_count": 0, "cves": ["CVE-2025-8714", "CVE-2026-14662", "CVE-2026-14663", "CVE-2026-14664", "CVE-2026-14666", "CVE-2026-14668", "CVE-2026-14669", "CVE-2026-14670", "CVE-2026-14671", "CVE-2026-14672", "CVE-2026-14673", "CVE-2026-14676", "CVE-2026-14677", "CVE-2026-14678", "CVE-2026-14679", "CVE-2026-14680", "CVE-2026-14681", "CVE-2026-15741", "CVE-2026-15742", "CVE-2026-16238", "CVE-2026-16239", "CVE-2026-16241", "CVE-2026-18024", "CVE-2026-18408", "CVE-2026-19385", "CVE-2026-6464", "CVE-2026-6469", "CVE-2026-6470", "CVE-2026-6471", "CVE-2026-6473", "CVE-2026-6637"], "cve_count": 31}, "comparison_url": "/docs/compare/?from=18.0&to=18.6"}, {"branch": "17", "url": "/wiki/versions/17/", "state": "supported", "state_label": "Supported", "tag": "", "build": "17.11", "first_release": "2024-09-26", "end_of_life": "2029-11-08", "latest_release_date": "2026-08-13", "manual_url": "/docs/17/index.html", "manual_slug": "17", "manual_pages": 1146, "manual_loaded_at": "2026-09-27T00:10:47.078613", "source_revision": "", "release_count": 12, "entry_count": 727, "initial": {"version": "17.0", "build": "17.0", "status": "stable", "date": "2024-09-26", "source_as_of": "", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=17.0", "manual_url": "/docs/17/release-17.html", "source_url": "/docs/release/17.0/", "entry_count": 182, "categories": {"compatibility": 17, "feature": 154, "bugfix": 2, "performance": 9}, "compatibility_count": 17, "cves": [], "cve_count": 0}, "latest": {"version": "17.11", "build": "17.11", "status": "stable", "date": "2026-08-13", "source_as_of": "", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=17.11", "manual_url": "/docs/17/release-17-11.html", "source_url": "/docs/release/17.11/", "entry_count": 109, "categories": {"security": 29, "bugfix": 49, "improvement": 31}, "compatibility_count": 0, "cves": ["CVE-2025-8714", "CVE-2026-14662", "CVE-2026-14663", "CVE-2026-14664", "CVE-2026-14666", "CVE-2026-14668", "CVE-2026-14669", "CVE-2026-14670", "CVE-2026-14671", "CVE-2026-14672", "CVE-2026-14673", "CVE-2026-14676", "CVE-2026-14677", "CVE-2026-14678", "CVE-2026-14679", "CVE-2026-14680", "CVE-2026-14681", "CVE-2026-15741", "CVE-2026-15742", "CVE-2026-16238", "CVE-2026-16239", "CVE-2026-16241", "CVE-2026-18024", "CVE-2026-18408", "CVE-2026-19385", "CVE-2026-6464", "CVE-2026-6469", "CVE-2026-6470", "CVE-2026-6471", "CVE-2026-6473", "CVE-2026-6637"], "cve_count": 31}, "comparison_url": "/docs/compare/?from=17.0&to=17.11"}, {"branch": "16", "url": "/wiki/versions/16/", "state": "supported", "state_label": "Supported", "tag": "", "build": "16.15", "first_release": "2023-09-14", "end_of_life": "2028-11-09", "latest_release_date": "2026-08-13", "manual_url": "/docs/16/index.html", "manual_slug": "16", "manual_pages": 1172, "manual_loaded_at": "2026-09-27T00:10:47.078613", "source_revision": "", "release_count": 16, "entry_count": 930, "initial": {"version": "16.0", "build": "16.0", "status": "stable", "date": "2023-09-14", "source_as_of": "", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=16.0", "manual_url": "/docs/16/release-16.html", "source_url": "/docs/release/16.0/", "entry_count": 206, "categories": {"compatibility": 13, "feature": 175, "performance": 15, "bugfix": 3}, "compatibility_count": 13, "cves": [], "cve_count": 0}, "latest": {"version": "16.15", "build": "16.15", "status": "stable", "date": "2026-08-13", "source_as_of": "", "url": "/docs/compare/?release=16.15", "manual_url": "/docs/16/release-16-15.html", "source_url": "/docs/release/16.15/", "entry_count": 98, "categories": {"security": 29, "bugfix": 42, "improvement": 27}, 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