---
title: 在容器中运行 etcd 集群
weight: 4200
description: 使用静态引导在 Docker 中运行 etcd
categories: [任务]
upstream_link: "https://github.com/etcd-io/website/blob/824597935df6e95992ef61c07e3222f4f796ca6c/content/en/docs/v3.7/op-guide/container.md"
aliases: [/etcd/op-guide/container/]
---

本文指南展示了如何使用 Docker 以 [静态引导过程](/zh/docs/etcd/op-guide/clustering/#static)运行 etcd。

## Docker {#docker}

为使 Docker 主机外部的客户端能够访问 etcd API，请使用容器的主机 IP 地址。有关获取 IP 地址的详细信息，请参见 [`docker inspect`](https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/inspect)。或者，可向 `docker run` 命令指定 `--net=host` 标志，以跳过将容器置于独立网络栈中的操作。

### 运行单节点 etcd {#running-a-single-node-etcd}

配置 etcd 时，请使用主机 IP 地址：

```
export NODE1=192.168.1.21
```

配置 Docker 卷以存储 etcd 数据：

```
docker volume create --name etcd-data
export DATA_DIR="etcd-data"
```

运行最新版本的 etcd（`v3.7.0`，撰写本文时的版本）：

```
ETCD_VERSION=v3.7.0
REGISTRY=quay.io/coreos/etcd
# available from v3.2.5
REGISTRY=gcr.io/etcd-development/etcd

docker run \
  -p 2379:2379 \
  -p 2380:2380 \
  --volume=${DATA_DIR}:/etcd-data \
  --name etcd ${REGISTRY}:${ETCD_VERSION} \
  /usr/local/bin/etcd \
  --data-dir=/etcd-data --name node1 \
  --initial-advertise-peer-urls http://${NODE1}:2380 --listen-peer-urls http://0.0.0.0:2380 \
  --advertise-client-urls http://${NODE1}:2379 --listen-client-urls http://0.0.0.0:2379 \
  --initial-cluster node1=http://${NODE1}:2380
```

列出集群成员：

```
etcdctl --endpoints=http://${NODE1}:2379 member list
```

### 运行一个 3 节点 etcd 集群 {#running-a-3-node-etcd-cluster}

```
REGISTRY=quay.io/coreos/etcd
# available from v3.2.5
REGISTRY=gcr.io/etcd-development/etcd

# For each machine
ETCD_VERSION=v3.7.0
TOKEN=my-etcd-token
CLUSTER_STATE=new
NAME_1=etcd-node-0
NAME_2=etcd-node-1
NAME_3=etcd-node-2
HOST_1=10.20.30.1
HOST_2=10.20.30.2
HOST_3=10.20.30.3
CLUSTER=${NAME_1}=http://${HOST_1}:2380,${NAME_2}=http://${HOST_2}:2380,${NAME_3}=http://${HOST_3}:2380
DATA_DIR=/var/lib/etcd

# For node 1
THIS_NAME=${NAME_1}
THIS_IP=${HOST_1}
docker run \
  -p 2379:2379 \
  -p 2380:2380 \
  --volume=${DATA_DIR}:/etcd-data \
  --name etcd ${REGISTRY}:${ETCD_VERSION} \
  /usr/local/bin/etcd \
  --data-dir=/etcd-data --name ${THIS_NAME} \
  --initial-advertise-peer-urls http://${THIS_IP}:2380 --listen-peer-urls http://0.0.0.0:2380 \
  --advertise-client-urls http://${THIS_IP}:2379 --listen-client-urls http://0.0.0.0:2379 \
  --initial-cluster ${CLUSTER} \
  --initial-cluster-state ${CLUSTER_STATE} --initial-cluster-token ${TOKEN}

# For node 2
THIS_NAME=${NAME_2}
THIS_IP=${HOST_2}
docker run \
  -p 2379:2379 \
  -p 2380:2380 \
  --volume=${DATA_DIR}:/etcd-data \
  --name etcd ${REGISTRY}:${ETCD_VERSION} \
  /usr/local/bin/etcd \
  --data-dir=/etcd-data --name ${THIS_NAME} \
  --initial-advertise-peer-urls http://${THIS_IP}:2380 --listen-peer-urls http://0.0.0.0:2380 \
  --advertise-client-urls http://${THIS_IP}:2379 --listen-client-urls http://0.0.0.0:2379 \
  --initial-cluster ${CLUSTER} \
  --initial-cluster-state ${CLUSTER_STATE} --initial-cluster-token ${TOKEN}

# For node 3
THIS_NAME=${NAME_3}
THIS_IP=${HOST_3}
docker run \
  -p 2379:2379 \
  -p 2380:2380 \
  --volume=${DATA_DIR}:/etcd-data \
  --name etcd ${REGISTRY}:${ETCD_VERSION} \
  /usr/local/bin/etcd \
  --data-dir=/etcd-data --name ${THIS_NAME} \
  --initial-advertise-peer-urls http://${THIS_IP}:2380 --listen-peer-urls http://0.0.0.0:2380 \
  --advertise-client-urls http://${THIS_IP}:2379 --listen-client-urls http://0.0.0.0:2379 \
  --initial-cluster ${CLUSTER} \
  --initial-cluster-state ${CLUSTER_STATE} --initial-cluster-token ${TOKEN}
```

使用 API 版本 3 运行 `etcdctl`：

```
docker exec etcd /usr/local/bin/etcdctl put foo bar
```

## 裸金属 {#bare-metal}

要在裸金属上部署一个由 3 个节点组成的 etcd 集群，可参考 [baremetal 仓库](https://github.com/coreos/coreos-baremetal/tree/master/examples) 中的示例。

## 挂载证书卷 {#mounting-a-certificate-volume}

etcd 发行版容器不包含默认的根证书。如需使用由根证书机构信任的证书（例如用于发现），请将证书目录挂载到 etcd 容器中：

```
ETCD_VERSION=v3.7.0
REGISTRY=quay.io/coreos/etcd
# available from v3.2.5
REGISTRY=docker://gcr.io/etcd-development/etcd

rkt run \
  --insecure-options=image \
  --volume etcd-ssl-certs-bundle,kind=host,source=/etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt \
  --mount volume=etcd-ssl-certs-bundle,target=/etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt \
  ${REGISTRY}:${ETCD_VERSION} -- --name my-name \
  --initial-advertise-peer-urls http://localhost:2380 --listen-peer-urls http://localhost:2380 \
  --advertise-client-urls http://localhost:2379 --listen-client-urls http://localhost:2379 \
  --discovery https://discovery.etcd.io/c11fbcdc16972e45253491a24fcf45e1
```

```
ETCD_VERSION=v3.7.0
REGISTRY=quay.io/coreos/etcd
# available from v3.2.5
REGISTRY=gcr.io/etcd-development/etcd

docker run \
  -p 2379:2379 \
  -p 2380:2380 \
  --volume=/etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt:/etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt \
  ${REGISTRY}:${ETCD_VERSION} \
  /usr/local/bin/etcd --name my-name \
  --initial-advertise-peer-urls http://localhost:2380 --listen-peer-urls http://localhost:2380 \
  --advertise-client-urls http://localhost:2379 --listen-client-urls http://localhost:2379 \
  --discovery https://discovery.etcd.io/86a9ff6c8cb8b4c4544c1a2f88f8b801
```