{"Entry":{"collection":"sqlstate","key":"22034","name":"22034","aliases":[],"metadata":{"aliases":[],"case_count":0,"class_code":"22","condition_name":"more_than_one_sql_json_item","condition_names":["more_than_one_sql_json_item"],"content_hash":"4dda58a1a386ff77d9eb3cf7102016fa3f48b108a28b2673c0be929f39eb8bb6","depth":"reference","editorial_review":"reviewed","evidence_tier":"source_path_confirmed","imported_at":"2026-09-30T17:45:27.095652+08:00","introduced":null,"known_present_by":"12.0","macros":["ERRCODE_MORE_THAN_ONE_SQL_JSON_ITEM"],"name_zh":"","present_in":["12","13","14","15","16","17","18","19"],"preview_in":["19"],"primary_macro":"ERRCODE_MORE_THAN_ONE_SQL_JSON_ITEM","removed":null,"runtime_verification":"not_run","severity_classes":["E"],"snippet_count":0,"source_rev":"english-manuals:00c46b2af84dfc515da2ba5cc0c1864d9c90fc7b3ab0f2a6b9eb20ca49e73b1a","sqlstate":"22034","status":"active","summary_zh":"SQL/JSON 结果多于一项，需要单项。"}},"Definition":{"Collection":"sqlstate","Key":"22034","SourceDatabase":"center","Version":"18","SourceTable":"sqlstate","SourceKey":"22034","SourceRevision":"english-manuals:00c46b2af84dfc515da2ba5cc0c1864d9c90fc7b3ab0f2a6b9eb20ca49e73b1a","Facts":{"aliases":[],"class_name":"Data Exception","condition_name":"more_than_one_sql_json_item","doc":{"anchor":"ERRCODES-APPENDIX","file":"errcodes-appendix.html","lang":"en","sha256":"56dacf78e618ff0fd8c533e05db597b80d7ebbad7f8e512a888217d0640aa328","slug":"18"},"lang":"en","sqlstate":"22034"},"ManualEvidence":{"doc":{"anchor":"ERRCODES-APPENDIX","file":"errcodes-appendix.html","lang":"en","sha256":"56dacf78e618ff0fd8c533e05db597b80d7ebbad7f8e512a888217d0640aa328","slug":"18"}},"MeasuredEvidence":{}},"Text":{"Collection":"sqlstate","Key":"22034","SourceDatabase":"center","Version":"","Locale":"zh-Hans","Title":"22034 — more_than_one_sql_json_item","Summary":"SQL/JSON 结果多于一项，需要单项。","BodyHTML":"\u003ch1\u003e22034\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003e速览 {#at-a-glance}\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e操作要求单个 SQL/JSON 项却得到多个项。固定 JSON_QUERY/JSON_VALUE 路径报告必须是单项或单标量，并可能提示使用 WITH WRAPPER。\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003e报文 {#messages}\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e无 wrapper 的基数守卫使用以下首要文本：\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e| 操作 | 首要文本和提示 |\n| --- | --- |\n| 无 wrapper 的 \u003ccode\u003eJSON_QUERY\u003c/code\u003e 列 | \u003ccode\u003eJSON path expression for column \u0026#34;%s\u0026#34; must return single item when no wrapper is requested\u003c/code\u003e；HINT：\u003ccode\u003eUse the WITH WRAPPER clause to wrap SQL/JSON items into an array.\u003c/code\u003e |\n| 没有列名的 \u003ccode\u003eJSON_QUERY\u003c/code\u003e | \u003ccode\u003eJSON path expression in JSON_QUERY must return single item when no wrapper is requested\u003c/code\u003e；HINT：\u003ccode\u003eUse the WITH WRAPPER clause to wrap SQL/JSON items into an array.\u003c/code\u003e |\n| \u003ccode\u003eJSON_VALUE\u003c/code\u003e 返回多个项 | \u003ccode\u003eJSON path expression in JSON_VALUE must return single scalar item\u003c/code\u003e |\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003e含义 {#meaning}\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e固定的 JSON_QUERY 路径会收集完整 SQL/JSON 结果列表，并在应用 wrapper 模式前统计数量。没有 wrapper 时返回多个项会报告 22034；无条件或条件 \u003ccode\u003eWITH WRAPPER\u003c/code\u003e 会按模式把序列变成数组。JSON_VALUE 返回多个项时也使用本码，因为它要求单个标量。恰好一个非标量项属于独立的 2203F，零项则设置 empty 标志并交给 ON EMPTY 处理。lax 的自动展开可能改变结果基数；silent 或非 ERROR 的 ON ERROR 行为可能在基数守卫之前抑制求值错误。\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003e诊断 {#diagnosis}\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e记录操作类型（\u003ccode\u003eJSON_QUERY\u003c/code\u003e 或 \u003ccode\u003eJSON_VALUE\u003c/code\u003e）、wrapper 子句、列名以及 path 产生的项数。JSON_QUERY 只有在确实需要数组结果时才使用 \u003ccode\u003eWITH WRAPPER\u003c/code\u003e；JSON_VALUE 应将 path 缩减为单个标量。区分多个项（22034）、单个非标量项（2203F）和由 ON EMPTY/22035 处理的无项结果。检查 strict/lax 和 silent 设置，因为它们会影响守卫看到的结果序列。\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003e处理 {#response}\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e修改 path 或过滤条件，使其返回所需的单个项；如果消费方需要数组，则加入文档规定的 wrapper。对 JSON_VALUE 还要确保该项是标量。如果操作使用 ON ERROR 行为，应使回退值符合预期基数，不要把 NULL 误当成 path 返回了单个项。如果 ERROR 发生在显式事务中，应先 ROLLBACK 或回滚到既有保存点再重试；自动提交可重试修正后的表达式。\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003e版本 {#versions}\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e锁定目录从 12.0 起记录该条件；本页固定 SQL/JSON 基数源码路径为 PostgreSQL 18.6。未声称本页有自然运行观察。\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003e相关 {#related}\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"/wiki/sqlstate/22033/\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003e22033\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/a\u003e、\u003ca href=\"/wiki/sqlstate/22035/\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003e22035\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003e来源 {#sources}\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eJSON_QUERY wrapper 和多项守卫见 \u003ca href=\"https://github.com/postgres/postgres/blob/724edf9bde9d356724ad384a2e196edc3c9f80f7/src/backend/utils/adt/jsonpath_exec.c#L3880\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003esrc/backend/utils/adt/jsonpath_exec.c#L3880-4005\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/a\u003e。JSON_VALUE 的多项与标量区分见 \u003ca href=\"https://github.com/postgres/postgres/blob/724edf9bde9d356724ad384a2e196edc3c9f80f7/src/backend/utils/adt/jsonpath_exec.c#L4008\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003e#L4008-4070\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/a\u003e。结构化\u003ca href=\"#sources\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003e证据记录\u003c/a\u003e保留 wrapper、基数和提示角色；本页未运行自然案例。\u003c/p\u003e\n","SourceRevision":"english-manuals:00c46b2af84dfc515da2ba5cc0c1864d9c90fc7b3ab0f2a6b9eb20ca49e73b1a","ContentHash":"67109acac771d545cd4d67d2a86d9e8780d56133d01447ca22c6ba8bf59b7b96","Payload":{"body_md":"# 22034\n\n## 速览 {#at-a-glance}\n操作要求单个 SQL/JSON 项却得到多个项。固定 JSON_QUERY/JSON_VALUE 路径报告必须是单项或单标量，并可能提示使用 WITH WRAPPER。\n\n\n## 报文 {#messages}\n无 wrapper 的基数守卫使用以下首要文本：\n\n| 操作 | 首要文本和提示 |\n| --- | --- |\n| 无 wrapper 的 `JSON_QUERY` 列 | `JSON path expression for column \"%s\" must return single item when no wrapper is requested`；HINT：`Use the WITH WRAPPER clause to wrap SQL/JSON items into an array.` |\n| 没有列名的 `JSON_QUERY` | `JSON path expression in JSON_QUERY must return single item when no wrapper is requested`；HINT：`Use the WITH WRAPPER clause to wrap SQL/JSON items into an array.` |\n| `JSON_VALUE` 返回多个项 | `JSON path expression in JSON_VALUE must return single scalar item` |\n\n## 含义 {#meaning}\n固定的 JSON_QUERY 路径会收集完整 SQL/JSON 结果列表，并在应用 wrapper 模式前统计数量。没有 wrapper 时返回多个项会报告 22034；无条件或条件 `WITH WRAPPER` 会按模式把序列变成数组。JSON_VALUE 返回多个项时也使用本码，因为它要求单个标量。恰好一个非标量项属于独立的 2203F，零项则设置 empty 标志并交给 ON EMPTY 处理。lax 的自动展开可能改变结果基数；silent 或非 ERROR 的 ON ERROR 行为可能在基数守卫之前抑制求值错误。\n\n## 诊断 {#diagnosis}\n记录操作类型（`JSON_QUERY` 或 `JSON_VALUE`）、wrapper 子句、列名以及 path 产生的项数。JSON_QUERY 只有在确实需要数组结果时才使用 `WITH WRAPPER`；JSON_VALUE 应将 path 缩减为单个标量。区分多个项（22034）、单个非标量项（2203F）和由 ON EMPTY/22035 处理的无项结果。检查 strict/lax 和 silent 设置，因为它们会影响守卫看到的结果序列。\n\n## 处理 {#response}\n修改 path 或过滤条件，使其返回所需的单个项；如果消费方需要数组，则加入文档规定的 wrapper。对 JSON_VALUE 还要确保该项是标量。如果操作使用 ON ERROR 行为，应使回退值符合预期基数，不要把 NULL 误当成 path 返回了单个项。如果 ERROR 发生在显式事务中，应先 ROLLBACK 或回滚到既有保存点再重试；自动提交可重试修正后的表达式。\n\n## 版本 {#versions}\n锁定目录从 12.0 起记录该条件；本页固定 SQL/JSON 基数源码路径为 PostgreSQL 18.6。未声称本页有自然运行观察。\n\n## 相关 {#related}\n[`22033`](/wiki/sqlstate/22033/)、[`22035`](/wiki/sqlstate/22035/)\n\n## 来源 {#sources}\nJSON_QUERY wrapper 和多项守卫见 [`src/backend/utils/adt/jsonpath_exec.c#L3880-4005`](https://github.com/postgres/postgres/blob/724edf9bde9d356724ad384a2e196edc3c9f80f7/src/backend/utils/adt/jsonpath_exec.c#L3880)。JSON_VALUE 的多项与标量区分见 [`#L4008-4070`](https://github.com/postgres/postgres/blob/724edf9bde9d356724ad384a2e196edc3c9f80f7/src/backend/utils/adt/jsonpath_exec.c#L4008)。结构化[证据记录](#sources)保留 wrapper、基数和提示角色；本页未运行自然案例。\n","description":"PostgreSQL SQLSTATE 22034 的来源与诊断参考。","is_stale":false,"name":"","sections":[{"anchor":"","heading":"","html":"\u0026lt;h1\u0026gt;22034\u0026lt;/h1\u0026gt;"},{"anchor":"at-a-glance","heading":"速览","html":"\u003cp\u003e操作要求单个 SQL/JSON 项却得到多个项。固定 JSON_QUERY/JSON_VALUE 路径报告必须是单项或单标量，并可能提示使用 WITH WRAPPER。\u003c/p\u003e"},{"anchor":"messages","heading":"报文","html":"\u003cp\u003e无 wrapper 的基数守卫使用以下首要文本：\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003cthead\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth\u003e操作\u003c/th\u003e\n\u003cth\u003e首要文本和提示\u003c/th\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003c/thead\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e无 wrapper 的 \u003ccode\u003eJSON_QUERY\u003c/code\u003e 列\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ccode\u003eJSON path expression for column \"%s\" must return single item when no wrapper is requested\u003c/code\u003e；HINT：\u003ccode\u003eUse the WITH WRAPPER clause to wrap SQL/JSON items into an array.\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e没有列名的 \u003ccode\u003eJSON_QUERY\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ccode\u003eJSON path expression in JSON_QUERY must return single item when no wrapper is requested\u003c/code\u003e；HINT：\u003ccode\u003eUse the WITH WRAPPER clause to wrap SQL/JSON items into an array.\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ccode\u003eJSON_VALUE\u003c/code\u003e 返回多个项\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ccode\u003eJSON path expression in JSON_VALUE must return single scalar item\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e"},{"anchor":"meaning","heading":"含义","html":"\u003cp\u003e固定的 JSON_QUERY 路径会收集完整 SQL/JSON 结果列表，并在应用 wrapper 模式前统计数量。没有 wrapper 时返回多个项会报告 22034；无条件或条件 \u003ccode\u003eWITH WRAPPER\u003c/code\u003e 会按模式把序列变成数组。JSON_VALUE 返回多个项时也使用本码，因为它要求单个标量。恰好一个非标量项属于独立的 2203F，零项则设置 empty 标志并交给 ON EMPTY 处理。lax 的自动展开可能改变结果基数；silent 或非 ERROR 的 ON ERROR 行为可能在基数守卫之前抑制求值错误。\u003c/p\u003e"},{"anchor":"diagnosis","heading":"诊断","html":"\u003cp\u003e记录操作类型（\u003ccode\u003eJSON_QUERY\u003c/code\u003e 或 \u003ccode\u003eJSON_VALUE\u003c/code\u003e）、wrapper 子句、列名以及 path 产生的项数。JSON_QUERY 只有在确实需要数组结果时才使用 \u003ccode\u003eWITH WRAPPER\u003c/code\u003e；JSON_VALUE 应将 path 缩减为单个标量。区分多个项（22034）、单个非标量项（2203F）和由 ON EMPTY/22035 处理的无项结果。检查 strict/lax 和 silent 设置，因为它们会影响守卫看到的结果序列。\u003c/p\u003e"},{"anchor":"response","heading":"处理","html":"\u003cp\u003e修改 path 或过滤条件，使其返回所需的单个项；如果消费方需要数组，则加入文档规定的 wrapper。对 JSON_VALUE 还要确保该项是标量。如果操作使用 ON ERROR 行为，应使回退值符合预期基数，不要把 NULL 误当成 path 返回了单个项。如果 ERROR 发生在显式事务中，应先 ROLLBACK 或回滚到既有保存点再重试；自动提交可重试修正后的表达式。\u003c/p\u003e"},{"anchor":"versions","heading":"版本","html":"\u003cp\u003e锁定目录从 12.0 起记录该条件；本页固定 SQL/JSON 基数源码路径为 PostgreSQL 18.6。未声称本页有自然运行观察。\u003c/p\u003e"},{"anchor":"related","heading":"相关","html":"\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"/wiki/sqlstate/22033/\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003e22033\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/a\u003e、\u003ca href=\"/wiki/sqlstate/22035/\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003e22035\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"},{"anchor":"sources","heading":"来源","html":"\u003cp\u003eJSON_QUERY wrapper 和多项守卫见 \u003ca href=\"https://github.com/postgres/postgres/blob/724edf9bde9d356724ad384a2e196edc3c9f80f7/src/backend/utils/adt/jsonpath_exec.c#L3880\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003esrc/backend/utils/adt/jsonpath_exec.c#L3880-4005\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/a\u003e。JSON_VALUE 的多项与标量区分见 \u003ca href=\"https://github.com/postgres/postgres/blob/724edf9bde9d356724ad384a2e196edc3c9f80f7/src/backend/utils/adt/jsonpath_exec.c#L4008\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003e#L4008-4070\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/a\u003e。结构化\u003ca href=\"#sources\"\u003e证据记录\u003c/a\u003e保留 wrapper、基数和提示角色；本页未运行自然案例。\u003c/p\u003e"}],"summary":"SQL/JSON 结果多于一项，需要单项。","title":"22034 — more_than_one_sql_json_item","translation_source_rev":"3b9f79a2092ad8a54584641fa1bdf6d23e59b9741f62335ee920ab4ebc3581dc"}},"RequestedLocale":"zh-Hans","Fallback":false,"Versions":["12","13","14","15","16","17","18","19","20"],"Locales":["en","zh-Hans"],"Signatures":null,"Spellings":null,"SQLState":{"aliases":[],"catalogue_notes":{"earliest_observed":"12.0","formal_scope":"9.0.0..18.6","latest_observed":"18.6","matrix_scope":["9.0.23","9.1.24","9.2.24","9.3.25","9.4.26","9.5.25","9.6.24","10.23","11.22","12.22","13.23","14.24","15.19","16.15","17.11","18.6"],"pre9_scope":{"formal_tag_count":191,"maximum_release":"8.4.22","minimum_release":"7.0.0","source_definition_count":153,"source_doc_count":153,"source_file_count":306,"source_scope":"7.4..8.4 definition files; 7.0..7.3 candidate-path source gap probes","source_tag_count":153},"pre9_status":"not_observed","preview_scope":["19beta3"]},"class":"22","class_name":"Data Exception","condition_name":"more_than_one_sql_json_item","condition_names":["more_than_one_sql_json_item"],"definition_changes":[],"english_manuals":{"12":{"aliases":[],"class_name":"Data Exception","condition_name":"more_than_one_sql_json_item","doc":{"anchor":"ERRCODES-APPENDIX","file":"errcodes-appendix.html","lang":"en","sha256":"1444bd6a138537cd75be88a220ee9472ac528f0cfc58758e49636d85455efe98","slug":"12"},"lang":"en","sqlstate":"22034"},"13":{"aliases":[],"class_name":"Data Exception","condition_name":"more_than_one_sql_json_item","doc":{"anchor":"ERRCODES-APPENDIX","file":"errcodes-appendix.html","lang":"en","sha256":"4a3ef8af218e5736dfde8660ba609e84233b6b3bac7e0210ff8724cf1b27b2db","slug":"13"},"lang":"en","sqlstate":"22034"},"14":{"aliases":[],"class_name":"Data Exception","condition_name":"more_than_one_sql_json_item","doc":{"anchor":"ERRCODES-APPENDIX","file":"errcodes-appendix.html","lang":"en","sha256":"1c12e83304e0f4ff64c9d98ca5e3007df6756932ed19867a4fa0e0650f6c5751","slug":"14"},"lang":"en","sqlstate":"22034"},"15":{"aliases":[],"class_name":"Data Exception","condition_name":"more_than_one_sql_json_item","doc":{"anchor":"ERRCODES-APPENDIX","file":"errcodes-appendix.html","lang":"en","sha256":"2161f58f6e87f6535b3b1f3d4661427bb6765f4f6b074fcc16fac97594b50599","slug":"15"},"lang":"en","sqlstate":"22034"},"16":{"aliases":[],"class_name":"Data Exception","condition_name":"more_than_one_sql_json_item","doc":{"anchor":"ERRCODES-APPENDIX","file":"errcodes-appendix.html","lang":"en","sha256":"928e705933d7c3d018ae3fba9d800b34e6325746d157339dce878473c519d100","slug":"16"},"lang":"en","sqlstate":"22034"},"17":{"aliases":[],"class_name":"Data Exception","condition_name":"more_than_one_sql_json_item","doc":{"anchor":"ERRCODES-APPENDIX","file":"errcodes-appendix.html","lang":"en","sha256":"868135520af87351e3ea1ba42656111cbd2d157d98e1fef05ea158ac5729d8b1","slug":"17"},"lang":"en","sqlstate":"22034"},"18":{"aliases":[],"class_name":"Data Exception","condition_name":"more_than_one_sql_json_item","doc":{"anchor":"ERRCODES-APPENDIX","file":"errcodes-appendix.html","lang":"en","sha256":"56dacf78e618ff0fd8c533e05db597b80d7ebbad7f8e512a888217d0640aa328","slug":"18"},"lang":"en","sqlstate":"22034"},"19":{"aliases":[],"class_name":"Data Exception","condition_name":"more_than_one_sql_json_item","doc":{"anchor":"ERRCODES-APPENDIX","file":"errcodes-appendix.html","lang":"en","sha256":"63fb8d1aa9f494eeab9d0f8542a2b673f7746ee41ae2689d19403cb3cc425a5c","slug":"19"},"lang":"en","sqlstate":"22034"},"20":{"aliases":[],"class_name":"Data 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