{"Entry":{"collection":"sqlstate","key":"2203F","name":"2203F","aliases":[],"metadata":{"aliases":[],"case_count":0,"class_code":"22","condition_name":"sql_json_scalar_required","condition_names":["sql_json_scalar_required"],"content_hash":"64b013094c6226c5b14f487198975185eaea01810e0c098115836997950c4a44","depth":"reference","editorial_review":"reviewed","evidence_tier":"source_path_confirmed","imported_at":"2026-09-30T17:45:27.12648+08:00","introduced":null,"known_present_by":"12.0","macros":["ERRCODE_SQL_JSON_SCALAR_REQUIRED"],"name_zh":"","present_in":["12","13","14","15","16","17","18","19"],"preview_in":["19"],"primary_macro":"ERRCODE_SQL_JSON_SCALAR_REQUIRED","removed":null,"runtime_verification":"not_run","severity_classes":["E"],"snippet_count":0,"source_rev":"english-manuals:f785a0bb8848c85bc5bd05f28f701eb7ba9abd7002c0fd32376d486d8243b326","sqlstate":"2203F","status":"active","summary_zh":"JSON_VALUE 要求标量，收到的项不是标量。"}},"Definition":{"Collection":"sqlstate","Key":"2203F","SourceDatabase":"center","Version":"18","SourceTable":"sqlstate","SourceKey":"2203F","SourceRevision":"english-manuals:f785a0bb8848c85bc5bd05f28f701eb7ba9abd7002c0fd32376d486d8243b326","Facts":{"aliases":[],"class_name":"Data Exception","condition_name":"sql_json_scalar_required","doc":{"anchor":"ERRCODES-APPENDIX","file":"errcodes-appendix.html","lang":"en","sha256":"56dacf78e618ff0fd8c533e05db597b80d7ebbad7f8e512a888217d0640aa328","slug":"18"},"lang":"en","sqlstate":"2203F"},"ManualEvidence":{"doc":{"anchor":"ERRCODES-APPENDIX","file":"errcodes-appendix.html","lang":"en","sha256":"56dacf78e618ff0fd8c533e05db597b80d7ebbad7f8e512a888217d0640aa328","slug":"18"}},"MeasuredEvidence":{}},"Text":{"Collection":"sqlstate","Key":"2203F","SourceDatabase":"center","Version":"","Locale":"zh-Hans","Title":"2203F — sql_json_scalar_required","Summary":"JSON_VALUE 要求标量，收到的项不是标量。","BodyHTML":"\u003ch1\u003e2203F\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003e速览 {#at-a-glance}\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eJSON_VALUE 收到一个项，但该项不是标量。多个项会在更早的 22034 基数分支处理；空结果则由空结果/ON EMPTY 路径处理。\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003e报文 {#messages}\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e固定的 JSON_VALUE 标量检查条件使用以下首要报文形式：\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e| 上下文 | 首要报文 |\n| --- | --- |\n| JSON_VALUE 映射到命名列 | \u003ccode\u003eJSON path expression for column \u0026#34;%s\u0026#34; must return single scalar item\u003c/code\u003e |\n| 独立 JSON_VALUE | \u003ccode\u003eJSON path expression in JSON_VALUE must return single scalar item\u003c/code\u003e |\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003e含义 {#meaning}\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ccode\u003eJsonPathValue\u003c/code\u003e 先执行路径并标记空结果。多个项属于独立的 22034 基数分支。恰好一个项时，它会在必要时解开标量 JSON 容器，然后要求结果是 JSON 标量；对象或数组会进入 2203F。如果调用方为 ON ERROR 提供了错误指针，函数会设置错误标志并返回 NULL，而不是直接抛错。普通 ERROR 路径会报告上面按列名区分或不带列名的首要报文。\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003e诊断 {#diagnosis}\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e检查 JSON_VALUE 路径结果的项数和选中项类型。空结果、多个项、单个非标量项分别属于不同分支，处理方式也不同。修改源 JSON 前先检查列映射以及 ON EMPTY/ON ERROR 子句，并把 JSON_QUERY 的包装语义与 JSON_VALUE 的标量要求区分开。\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003e处理 {#response}\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e让路径解析为一个标量；如果业务确实需要对象或数组，改用合适的 SQL/JSON 操作；对预期缺失则配置文档规定的空值/错误处理。不要为了让集合看起来像标量而给 JSON_VALUE 添加包装。如果 ERROR 发生在显式事务中，应先 ROLLBACK 或回滚到既有保存点再重试；自动提交可重试修正后的动作。\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003e版本 {#versions}\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e锁定目录从 12.0 起记录该条件；固定的 JSON_VALUE 基数和标量检查来自 PostgreSQL 18.6。本页未声称有自然运行观察。\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003e相关 {#related}\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"/wiki/sqlstate/22034/\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003e22034\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/a\u003e、\u003ca href=\"/wiki/sqlstate/22035/\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003e22035\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/a\u003e、\u003ca href=\"/wiki/sqlstate/22036/\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003e22036\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003e来源 {#sources}\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eJSON_VALUE 完整的空结果、多个项、标量和 ON ERROR 指针分支见 \u003ca href=\"https://github.com/postgres/postgres/blob/724edf9bde9d356724ad384a2e196edc3c9f80f7/src/backend/utils/adt/jsonpath_exec.c#L3991\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003ejsonpath_exec.c#L3991-4067\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/a\u003e。结构化\u003ca href=\"#sources\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003e证据记录\u003c/a\u003e绑定 22034 边界和两种 2203F 首要报文；本页未运行自然案例。\u003c/p\u003e\n","SourceRevision":"english-manuals:f785a0bb8848c85bc5bd05f28f701eb7ba9abd7002c0fd32376d486d8243b326","ContentHash":"fc37613f525868883b4081e1690e7232fbb7537e2b6524c8ffb2166801738f6f","Payload":{"body_md":"# 2203F\n\n## 速览 {#at-a-glance}\nJSON_VALUE 收到一个项，但该项不是标量。多个项会在更早的 22034 基数分支处理；空结果则由空结果/ON EMPTY 路径处理。\n\n\n## 报文 {#messages}\n固定的 JSON_VALUE 标量检查条件使用以下首要报文形式：\n\n| 上下文 | 首要报文 |\n| --- | --- |\n| JSON_VALUE 映射到命名列 | `JSON path expression for column \"%s\" must return single scalar item` |\n| 独立 JSON_VALUE | `JSON path expression in JSON_VALUE must return single scalar item` |\n\n## 含义 {#meaning}\n`JsonPathValue` 先执行路径并标记空结果。多个项属于独立的 22034 基数分支。恰好一个项时，它会在必要时解开标量 JSON 容器，然后要求结果是 JSON 标量；对象或数组会进入 2203F。如果调用方为 ON ERROR 提供了错误指针，函数会设置错误标志并返回 NULL，而不是直接抛错。普通 ERROR 路径会报告上面按列名区分或不带列名的首要报文。\n\n## 诊断 {#diagnosis}\n检查 JSON_VALUE 路径结果的项数和选中项类型。空结果、多个项、单个非标量项分别属于不同分支，处理方式也不同。修改源 JSON 前先检查列映射以及 ON EMPTY/ON ERROR 子句，并把 JSON_QUERY 的包装语义与 JSON_VALUE 的标量要求区分开。\n\n## 处理 {#response}\n让路径解析为一个标量；如果业务确实需要对象或数组，改用合适的 SQL/JSON 操作；对预期缺失则配置文档规定的空值/错误处理。不要为了让集合看起来像标量而给 JSON_VALUE 添加包装。如果 ERROR 发生在显式事务中，应先 ROLLBACK 或回滚到既有保存点再重试；自动提交可重试修正后的动作。\n\n## 版本 {#versions}\n锁定目录从 12.0 起记录该条件；固定的 JSON_VALUE 基数和标量检查来自 PostgreSQL 18.6。本页未声称有自然运行观察。\n\n## 相关 {#related}\n[`22034`](/wiki/sqlstate/22034/)、[`22035`](/wiki/sqlstate/22035/)、[`22036`](/wiki/sqlstate/22036/)\n\n## 来源 {#sources}\nJSON_VALUE 完整的空结果、多个项、标量和 ON ERROR 指针分支见 [`jsonpath_exec.c#L3991-4067`](https://github.com/postgres/postgres/blob/724edf9bde9d356724ad384a2e196edc3c9f80f7/src/backend/utils/adt/jsonpath_exec.c#L3991)。结构化[证据记录](#sources)绑定 22034 边界和两种 2203F 首要报文；本页未运行自然案例。\n\n","description":"PostgreSQL SQLSTATE 2203F 的来源与诊断参考。","is_stale":false,"name":"","sections":[{"anchor":"","heading":"","html":"\u0026lt;h1\u0026gt;2203F\u0026lt;/h1\u0026gt;"},{"anchor":"at-a-glance","heading":"速览","html":"\u003cp\u003eJSON_VALUE 收到一个项，但该项不是标量。多个项会在更早的 22034 基数分支处理；空结果则由空结果/ON EMPTY 路径处理。\u003c/p\u003e"},{"anchor":"messages","heading":"报文","html":"\u003cp\u003e固定的 JSON_VALUE 标量检查条件使用以下首要报文形式：\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003cthead\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth\u003e上下文\u003c/th\u003e\n\u003cth\u003e首要报文\u003c/th\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003c/thead\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eJSON_VALUE 映射到命名列\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ccode\u003eJSON path expression for column \"%s\" must return single scalar item\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e独立 JSON_VALUE\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ccode\u003eJSON path expression in JSON_VALUE must return single scalar item\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e"},{"anchor":"meaning","heading":"含义","html":"\u003cp\u003e\u003ccode\u003eJsonPathValue\u003c/code\u003e 先执行路径并标记空结果。多个项属于独立的 22034 基数分支。恰好一个项时，它会在必要时解开标量 JSON 容器，然后要求结果是 JSON 标量；对象或数组会进入 2203F。如果调用方为 ON ERROR 提供了错误指针，函数会设置错误标志并返回 NULL，而不是直接抛错。普通 ERROR 路径会报告上面按列名区分或不带列名的首要报文。\u003c/p\u003e"},{"anchor":"diagnosis","heading":"诊断","html":"\u003cp\u003e检查 JSON_VALUE 路径结果的项数和选中项类型。空结果、多个项、单个非标量项分别属于不同分支，处理方式也不同。修改源 JSON 前先检查列映射以及 ON EMPTY/ON ERROR 子句，并把 JSON_QUERY 的包装语义与 JSON_VALUE 的标量要求区分开。\u003c/p\u003e"},{"anchor":"response","heading":"处理","html":"\u003cp\u003e让路径解析为一个标量；如果业务确实需要对象或数组，改用合适的 SQL/JSON 操作；对预期缺失则配置文档规定的空值/错误处理。不要为了让集合看起来像标量而给 JSON_VALUE 添加包装。如果 ERROR 发生在显式事务中，应先 ROLLBACK 或回滚到既有保存点再重试；自动提交可重试修正后的动作。\u003c/p\u003e"},{"anchor":"versions","heading":"版本","html":"\u003cp\u003e锁定目录从 12.0 起记录该条件；固定的 JSON_VALUE 基数和标量检查来自 PostgreSQL 18.6。本页未声称有自然运行观察。\u003c/p\u003e"},{"anchor":"related","heading":"相关","html":"\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"/wiki/sqlstate/22034/\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003e22034\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/a\u003e、\u003ca href=\"/wiki/sqlstate/22035/\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003e22035\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/a\u003e、\u003ca href=\"/wiki/sqlstate/22036/\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003e22036\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"},{"anchor":"sources","heading":"来源","html":"\u003cp\u003eJSON_VALUE 完整的空结果、多个项、标量和 ON ERROR 指针分支见 \u003ca href=\"https://github.com/postgres/postgres/blob/724edf9bde9d356724ad384a2e196edc3c9f80f7/src/backend/utils/adt/jsonpath_exec.c#L3991\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003ejsonpath_exec.c#L3991-4067\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/a\u003e。结构化\u003ca href=\"#sources\"\u003e证据记录\u003c/a\u003e绑定 22034 边界和两种 2203F 首要报文；本页未运行自然案例。\u003c/p\u003e"}],"summary":"JSON_VALUE 要求标量，收到的项不是标量。","title":"2203F — sql_json_scalar_required","translation_source_rev":"0d2a9def152d40fd3a6fbafb88bec141435a76aaadc4e87c7fc0b6fbebf53bfc"}},"RequestedLocale":"zh-Hans","Fallback":false,"Versions":["12","13","14","15","16","17","18","19","20"],"Locales":["en","zh-Hans"],"Signatures":null,"Spellings":null,"SQLState":{"aliases":[],"catalogue_notes":{"earliest_observed":"12.0","formal_scope":"9.0.0..18.6","latest_observed":"18.6","matrix_scope":["9.0.23","9.1.24","9.2.24","9.3.25","9.4.26","9.5.25","9.6.24","10.23","11.22","12.22","13.23","14.24","15.19","16.15","17.11","18.6"],"pre9_scope":{"formal_tag_count":191,"maximum_release":"8.4.22","minimum_release":"7.0.0","source_definition_count":153,"source_doc_count":153,"source_file_count":306,"source_scope":"7.4..8.4 definition files; 7.0..7.3 candidate-path source gap probes","source_tag_count":153},"pre9_status":"not_observed","preview_scope":["19beta3"]},"class":"22","class_name":"Data 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