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lengthFunctionsReferencelength String Functions And Operators 10 Number of characters in string length ( string ) → int Number of characters in string length ( string bytea, encoding name ) → int Number of characte…Functions · String Functions And Operators lgammaFunctionsReferencelgamma Mathematical Functions And Operators 18 Natural logarithm of the absolute value of the gamma function lgamma ( double precision ) → double precision Natural logarithm of the absolute …Functions · Mathematical Functions And Operators lineFunctionsReferenceline Geometric Functions And Operators 10 points to line line ( point, point ) → line points to line 11 12 13 Converts two points to the line through them. line ( point, point ) → line Conve…Functions · Geometric Functions And Operators ll_to_earthFunctionsPG18ll_to_earth ( float8, float8 ) → earth Returns the location of a point on the surface of the Earth given its latitude (argument 1) and longitude (argument 2) in degrees.earthdistance — calculate great-circle distances › Cube-Based Earth Distances lnFunctionsReferenceln Mathematical Functions And Operators 10 natural logarithm ln ( dp or numeric ) → (same as input) natural logarithm 11 12 13 Natural logarithm ln ( numeric ) → numeric Natural logarithm ln…Functions · Mathematical Functions And Operators lo_from_byteaFunctionsPG18lo_from_bytea ( loid oid, data bytea ) → oid Creates a large object and stores data in it. If loid is zero then the system will choose a free OID, otherwise that OID is used (with an error i…Server-Side Functions lo_getFunctionsPG18lo_get ( loid oid [, offset bigint, length integer ] ) → bytea Extracts the large object's contents, or a substring thereof. lo_get(24528, 0, 3) → \xffaaffServer-Side Functions lo_putFunctionsPG18lo_put ( loid oid, offset bigint, data bytea ) → void Writes data starting at the given offset within the large object; the large object is enlarged if necessary. lo_put(24528, 1, '\xaa') →Server-Side Functions localtimeFunctionsReferencelocaltime Date/Time Functions And Operators 10 Current time of day; see Section 9.9.4 localtime → time Current time of day; see Section 9.9.4 LOCALTIME(precision) CURRENT_TIME and CURRENT_TI…Functions · Date/Time Functions And Operators localtimestampFunctionsReferencelocaltimestamp Date/Time Functions And Operators 10 Current date and time (start of current transaction); see Section 9.9.4 localtimestamp → timestamp Current date and time (start of current…Functions · Date/Time Functions And Operators logFunctionsReferencelog Mathematical Functions And Operators 10 base 10 logarithm log ( dp or numeric ) → (same as input) base 10 logarithm log ( b numeric, x numeric ) → numeric logarithm to base b 11 12 13 Ba…Functions · Mathematical Functions And Operators log10FunctionsReferencelog10 Mathematical Functions And Operators 12 base 10 logarithm log10 ( dp or numeric ) → (same as input) base 10 logarithm 13 Base 10 logarithm (same as log) log10 ( numeric ) → numeric Bas…Functions · Mathematical Functions And Operators longitudeFunctionsPG18longitude ( earth ) → float8 Returns the longitude in degrees of a point on the surface of the Earth.earthdistance — calculate great-circle distances › Cube-Based Earth Distances lowerFunctionsReferencelower String Functions And Operators 10 Convert string to lower case lower ( string ) → text Convert string to lower case lower ( anyrange ) → range's element type lower bound of range 11 12…Functions · String Functions And Operators lower_incFunctionsReferencelower_inc Range/Multirange Functions And Operators 10 is the lower bound inclusive? lower_inc ( anyrange ) → boolean is the lower bound inclusive? 11 12 13 Is the range's lower bound inclusi…Functions · Range/Multirange Functions And Operators lower_infFunctionsReferencelower_inf Range/Multirange Functions And Operators 10 is the lower bound infinite? lower_inf ( anyrange ) → boolean is the lower bound infinite? 11 12 13 Is the range's lower bound infinite?…Functions · Range/Multirange Functions And Operators lpadFunctionsReferencelpad String Functions And Operators 10 Fill up the string to length length by prepending the characters fill (a space by default). If the string is already longer than length then it is trun…Functions · String Functions And Operators lsegFunctionsReferencelseg Geometric Functions And Operators 10 box diagonal to line segment lseg ( box ) → lseg box diagonal to line segment lseg ( point, point ) → lseg points to line segment 11 12 13 Extracts …Functions · Geometric Functions And Operators ltree2textFunctionsPG18ltree2text ( ltree ) → text Casts ltree to text.ltree — hierarchical tree-like data type › Operators and Functions ltrimFunctionsReferenceltrim String Functions And Operators 10 Remove the longest string containing only characters from characters (a space by default) from the start of string ltrim ( string text [, characters t…Functions · String Functions And Operators macaddr8_set7bitFunctionsReferencemacaddr8_set7bit Network Address Functions And Operators 10 set 7th bit to one, also known as modified EUI-64, for inclusion in an IPv6 address macaddr8_set7bit ( macaddr8 ) → macaddr8 set 7…Functions · Network Address Functions And Operators make_dateFunctionsReferencemake_date Date/Time Functions And Operators 10 Create date from year, month and day fields make_date ( year int, month int, day int ) → date Create date from year, month and day fields 11 12…Functions · Date/Time Functions And Operators make_intervalFunctionsReferencemake_interval Date/Time Functions And Operators 10 Create interval from years, months, weeks, days, hours, minutes and seconds fields make_interval ( years int DEFAULT 0, months int DEFAULT …Functions · Date/Time Functions And Operators make_timeFunctionsReferencemake_time Date/Time Functions And Operators 10 Create time from hour, minute and seconds fields make_time ( hour int, min int, sec double precision ) → time Create time from hour, minute and…Functions · Date/Time Functions And Operators make_timestampFunctionsReferencemake_timestamp Date/Time Functions And Operators 10 Create timestamp from year, month, day, hour, minute and seconds fields make_timestamp ( year int, month int, day int, hour int, min int, …Functions · Date/Time Functions And Operators make_timestamptzFunctionsReferencemake_timestamptz Date/Time Functions And Operators 10 Create timestamp with time zone from year, month, day, hour, minute and seconds fields; if timezone is not specified, the current time z…Functions · Date/Time Functions And Operators make_validFunctionsPG18make_valid ( isn ) → isn Clears the invalid-check-digit flag of the value.isn — data types for international standard numbers (ISBN, EAN, UPC, etc.) › Functions and Operators makeaclitemFunctionsReferencemakeaclitem System Information Functions And Operators 12 build an aclitem from input makeaclitem ( grantee, grantor, privilege, grantable ) → aclitem build an aclitem from input 13 Construc…Functions · System Information Functions And Operators masklenFunctionsReferencemasklen Network Address Functions And Operators 10 extract netmask length masklen ( inet ) → int extract netmask length 11 12 13 Returns the netmask length in bits. masklen ( inet ) → intege…Functions · Network Address Functions And Operators maxFunctionsReferencemax Aggregate Functions 10 maximum value of expression across all non-null input values max ( expression ) → same as argument type maximum value of expression across all non-null input value…Functions · Aggregate Functions md5FunctionsReferencemd5 String Functions And Operators 10 Calculates the MD5 hash of string, returning the result in hexadecimal md5 ( string ) → text Calculates the MD5 hash of string, returning the result in …Functions · String Functions And Operators merge_actionFunctionsReferencemerge_action Merge Support Functions 17 Returns the merge action command executed for the current row. This will be 'INSERT', 'UPDATE', or 'DELETE'. merge_action ( ) → text Returns the merge…Functions · Merge Support Functions minFunctionsReferencemin Aggregate Functions 10 minimum value of expression across all non-null input values min ( expression ) → same as argument type minimum value of expression across all non-null input value…Functions · Aggregate Functions min_scaleFunctionsReferencemin_scale Mathematical Functions And Operators 13 Minimum scale (number of fractional decimal digits) needed to represent the supplied value precisely min_scale ( numeric ) → integer Minimum…Functions · Mathematical Functions And Operators modFunctionsReferencemod Mathematical Functions And Operators 10 remainder of y/x mod ( y, x ) → (same as argument types) remainder of y/x 11 12 13 Remainder of y/x; available for smallint, integer, bigint, and …Functions · Mathematical Functions And Operators modeFunctionsReferencemode Aggregate Functions 10 returns the most frequent input value (arbitrarily choosing the first one if there are multiple equally-frequent results) mode ( ) WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY sort_exp…Functions · Aggregate Functions multirangeFunctionsReferencemultirange Range/Multirange Functions And Operators 14 Returns a multirange containing just the given range. multirange ( anyrange ) → anymultirange Returns a multirange containing just the …Functions · Range/Multirange Functions And Operators multirange_minus_multiFunctionsReferencemultirange_minus_multi Range/Multirange Functions And Operators 19 Returns the non-empty multirange(s) remaining after subtracting the second multirange from the first. If the subtraction yi…Functions · Range/Multirange Functions And Operators mxid_ageFunctionsReferencemxid_age System Information Functions And Operators 13 Returns the number of multixacts IDs between the supplied multixact ID and the current multixacts counter. mxid_age ( xid ) → integer R…Functions · System Information Functions And Operators netmaskFunctionsReferencenetmask Network Address Functions And Operators 10 construct netmask for network netmask ( inet ) → inet construct netmask for network 11 12 13 Computes the network mask for the address's ne…Functions · Network Address Functions And Operators