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postgres -PCommand-line ToolsPG18-P Ignore system indexes when reading system tables, but still update the indexes when modifying the tables. This is useful when recovering from damaged system indexes.postgres › Options › Semi-Internal Options postgres -p portCommand-line ToolsPG18-p port Specifies the TCP/IP port or local Unix domain socket file extension on which postgres is to listen for connections from client applications. Defaults to the value of the PGPORT envi…postgres › Options › General Purpose postgres -rCommand-line ToolsPG18-r filename Send all server log output to filename. This option is only honored when supplied as a command-line option.postgres › Options › Options for Single-User Mode postgres -sCommand-line ToolsPG18-s Print time information and other statistics at the end of each command. This is useful for benchmarking or for use in tuning the number of buffers.postgres › Options › General Purpose postgres -tCommand-line ToolsPG18-t pa[rser] | pl[anner] | e[xecutor] Print timing statistics for each query relating to each of the major system modules. This option cannot be used together with the -s option.postgres › Options › Semi-Internal Options postgres -vCommand-line ToolsPG18-v protocol Specifies the version number of the frontend/backend protocol to be used for a particular session. This option is for internal use only.postgres › Options › Semi-Internal Options postgres -WCommand-line ToolsPG18-W seconds A delay of this many seconds occurs when a new server process is started, after it conducts the authentication procedure. This is intended to give an opportunity to attach to the …postgres › Options › Semi-Internal Options psqlCommand-line ToolsPG18psql psql — PostgreSQL interactive terminal Synopsis psql [option...] [dbname [username]]psql psql --command=commandCommand-line ToolsPG18-c command--command=command Specifies that psql is to execute the given command string, command. This option can be repeated and combined in any order with the -f option. When either -c or -…psql › Options psql --csvCommand-line ToolsPG18--csv Switches to CSV (Comma-Separated Values) output mode. This is equivalent to \pset format csv.psql › Options psql --dbname=dbnameCommand-line ToolsPG18-d dbname--dbname=dbname Specifies the name of the database to connect to. This is equivalent to specifying dbname as the first non-option argument on the command line. The dbname can be a c…psql › Options psql --echo-allCommand-line ToolsPG18-a--echo-all Print all nonempty input lines to standard output as they are read. (This does not apply to lines read interactively.) This is equivalent to setting the variable ECHO to all.psql › Options psql --echo-errorsCommand-line ToolsPG18-b--echo-errors Print failed SQL commands to standard error output. This is equivalent to setting the variable ECHO to errors.psql › Options psql --echo-hiddenCommand-line ToolsPG18-E--echo-hidden Echo the actual queries generated by \d and other backslash commands. You can use this to study psql's internal operations. This is equivalent to setting the variable ECHO_HI…psql › Options psql --echo-queriesCommand-line ToolsPG18-e--echo-queries Copy all SQL commands sent to the server to standard output as well. This is equivalent to setting the variable ECHO to queries.psql › Options psql --expandedCommand-line ToolsPG18-x--expanded Turn on the expanded table formatting mode. This is equivalent to \x or \pset expanded.psql › Options psql --field-separator-zeroCommand-line ToolsPG18-z--field-separator-zero Set the field separator for unaligned output to a zero byte. This is equivalent to \pset fieldsep_zero.psql › Options psql --field-separator=separatorCommand-line ToolsPG18-F separator--field-separator=separator Use separator as the field separator for unaligned output. This is equivalent to \pset fieldsep or \f.psql › Options psql --file=filenameCommand-line ToolsPG18-f filename--file=filename Read commands from the file filename, rather than standard input. This option can be repeated and combined in any order with the -c option. When either -c or -f is…psql › Options psql --help[=topic]Command-line ToolsPG18-?--help[=topic] Show help about psql and exit. The optional topic parameter (defaulting to options) selects which part of psql is explained: commands describes psql's backslash commands; op…psql › Options psql --host=hostnameCommand-line ToolsPG18-h hostname--host=hostname Specifies the host name of the machine on which the server is running. If the value begins with a slash, it is used as the directory for the Unix-domain socket.psql › Options psql --htmlCommand-line ToolsPG18-H--html Switches to HTML output mode. This is equivalent to \pset format html or the \H command.psql › Options psql --listCommand-line ToolsPG18-l--list List all available databases, then exit. Other non-connection options are ignored. This is similar to the meta-command \list. When this option is used, psql will connect to the data…psql › Options psql --log-file=filenameCommand-line ToolsPG18-L filename--log-file=filename Write all query output into file filename, in addition to the normal output destination.psql › Options psql --no-alignCommand-line ToolsPG18-A--no-align Switches to unaligned output mode. (The default output mode is aligned.) This is equivalent to \pset format unaligned.psql › Options psql --no-passwordCommand-line ToolsPG18-w--no-password Never issue a password prompt. If the server requires password authentication and a password is not available from other sources such as a .pgpass file, the connection attemp…psql › Options psql --no-psqlrcCommand-line ToolsPG18-X--no-psqlrc Do not read the start-up file (neither the system-wide psqlrc file nor the user's ~/.psqlrc file).psql › Options psql --no-readlineCommand-line ToolsPG18-n--no-readline Do not use Readline for line editing and do not use the command history (see the section called “Command-Line Editing” below).psql › Options psql --output=filenameCommand-line ToolsPG18-o filename--output=filename Put all query output into file filename. This is equivalent to the command \o.psql › Options psql --passwordCommand-line ToolsPG18-W--password Force psql to prompt for a password before connecting to a database, even if the password will not be used. If the server requires password authentication and a password is not …psql › Options psql --port=portCommand-line ToolsPG18-p port--port=port Specifies the TCP port or the local Unix-domain socket file extension on which the server is listening for connections. Defaults to the value of the PGPORT environment var…psql › Options psql --pset=assignmentCommand-line ToolsPG18-P assignment--pset=assignment Specifies printing options, in the style of \pset. Note that here you have to separate name and value with an equal sign instead of a space. For example, to se…psql › Options psql --quietCommand-line ToolsPG18-q--quiet Specifies that psql should do its work quietly. By default, it prints welcome messages and various informational output. If this option is used, none of this happens. This is usefu…psql › Options psql --record-separator-zeroCommand-line ToolsPG18-0--record-separator-zero Set the record separator for unaligned output to a zero byte. This is useful for interfacing, for example, with xargs -0. This is equivalent to \pset recordsep_zero…psql › Options psql --record-separator=separatorCommand-line ToolsPG18-R separator--record-separator=separator Use separator as the record separator for unaligned output. This is equivalent to \pset recordsep.psql › Options psql --single-lineCommand-line ToolsPG18-S--single-line Runs in single-line mode where a newline terminates an SQL command, as a semicolon does. Note This mode is provided for those who insist on it, but you are not necessarily en…psql › Options psql --single-stepCommand-line ToolsPG18-s--single-step Run in single-step mode. That means the user is prompted before each command is sent to the server, with the option to cancel execution as well. Use this to debug scripts.psql › Options psql --single-transactionCommand-line ToolsPG18-1--single-transaction This option can only be used in combination with one or more -c and/or -f options. It causes psql to issue a BEGIN command before the first such option and a COMMIT co…psql › Options psql --table-attr=table_optionsCommand-line ToolsPG18-T table_options--table-attr=table_options Specifies options to be placed within the HTML table tag. See \pset tableattr for details.psql › Options psql --tuples-onlyCommand-line ToolsPG18-t--tuples-only Turn off printing of column names and result row count footers, etc. This is equivalent to \t or \pset tuples_only.psql › Options