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enable_seqscanConfigurationReferenceenable_seqscan Query Tuning 10 Enables or disables the query planner's use of sequential scan plan types. It is impossible to suppress sequential scans entirely, but turning this variable of…Configuration · Query Tuning enable_sortConfigurationReferenceenable_sort Query Tuning 10 Enables or disables the query planner's use of explicit sort steps. It is impossible to suppress explicit sorts entirely, but turning this variable off discourage…Configuration · Query Tuning enable_tidscanConfigurationReferenceenable_tidscan Query Tuning 10 Enables or disables the query planner's use of TID scan plan types. The default is on. 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.6 enable_tidscan…Configuration · Query Tuning enabled_rolesManual ChaptersPG1835.25. enabled_roles The view enabled_roles identifies the currently “enabled roles”. The enabled roles are recursively defined as the current user together with all roles that have been gra…enabled_roles encdbExtensionsExtensionsAlibaba Cloud RDS extension that provides Always Confidential Database features for PostgreSQL. alibaba-cloud confidential-database encryption encdb SecuritySecurity · Extensions encdb_btreeExtensionsExtensionsAlibaba Cloud RDS extension that accelerates ciphertext index queries for Always Confidential Databases. alibaba-cloud confidential-database encryption index encdb_btree SecuritySecurity · Extensions encodeFunctionsReferenceencode Binary String Functions And Operators 10 Encode binary data into a textual representation. Supported formats are: base64, hex, escape. escape converts zero bytes and high-bit-set byte…Functions · Binary String Functions And Operators Encoding HandlingManual ChaptersPG188.13.2. Encoding Handling Care must be taken when dealing with multiple character encodings on the client, server, and in the XML data passed through them. When using the text mode to pass q…Encoding Handling Encryption OptionsManual ChaptersPG1818.8. Encryption Options PostgreSQL offers encryption at several levels, and provides flexibility in protecting data from disclosure due to database server theft, unscrupulous administrators…Encryption Options ENDManual ChaptersPG18END END — commit the current transaction Synopsis END [ WORK | TRANSACTION ] [ AND [ NO ] CHAIN ]END ENDSQL CommandsReferenceEND Transactions 10 commit the current transaction END [ WORK | TRANSACTION ] END commits the current transaction. All changes made by the transaction become visible to others and are guaran…SQL Commands · Transactions endpointExtensionsExtensionsendpoint extension events plpgsql postgresql rest-api semantics system-catalog version-control-system widgets endpoint FeaturesFeatures · Extensions Enforcing Consistency with Explicit Blocking LocksManual ChaptersPG1813.4.2. Enforcing Consistency with Explicit Blocking Locks When non-serializable writes are possible, to ensure the current validity of a row and protect it against concurrent updates one mu…Enforcing Consistency with Explicit Blocking Locks Enforcing Consistency with Serializable TransactionsManual ChaptersPG1813.4.1. Enforcing Consistency with Serializable Transactions If the Serializable transaction isolation level is used for all writes and for all reads which need a consistent view of the data…Enforcing Consistency with Serializable Transactions Entering SQL CommandsManual ChaptersPG18Entering SQL Commands In normal operation, psql provides a prompt with the name of the database to which psql is currently connected, followed by the string =>. For example: $ psql testdb ps…Entering SQL Commands Enum Support FunctionsManual ChaptersPG189.10. Enum Support Functions For enum types (described in Section 8.7), there are several functions that allow cleaner programming without hard-coding particular values of an enum type. Thes…Enum Support Functions enum_firstFunctionsReferenceenum_first Enum Support Functions 10 Returns the first value of the input enum type enum_first ( anyenum ) Returns the first value of the input enum type 11 12 13 Returns the first value of …Functions · Enum Support Functions enum_lastFunctionsReferenceenum_last Enum Support Functions 10 Returns the last value of the input enum type enum_last ( anyenum ) Returns the last value of the input enum type 11 12 13 Returns the last value of the i…Functions · Enum Support Functions enum_rangeFunctionsReferenceenum_range Enum Support Functions 10 Returns all values of the input enum type in an ordered array enum_range ( anyenum ) Returns all values of the input enum type in an ordered array enum_r…Functions · Enum Support Functions Enumerated TypesManual ChaptersPG188.7. Enumerated Types Enumerated (enum) types are data types that comprise a static, ordered set of values. They are equivalent to the enum types supported in a number of programming languag…Enumerated Types Enumerated TypesManual ChaptersPG18Enumerated Types The second form of CREATE TYPE creates an enumerated (enum) type, as described in Section 8.7. Enum types take a list of quoted labels, each of which must be less than NAMED…Enumerated Types EnvironmentManual ChaptersPG18Environment PGDATABASEPGHOSTPGPORTPGUSER Default connection parameters PG_COLOR Specifies whether to use color in diagnostic messages. Possible values are always, auto and never. This utilit…Environment EnvironmentManual ChaptersPG18Environment PGDATABASE If set, the name of the database to create, unless overridden on the command line. PGHOSTPGPORTPGUSER Default connection parameters. PGUSER also determines the name of…Environment EnvironmentManual ChaptersPG18Environment PGHOSTPGPORTPGUSER Default connection parameters PG_COLOR Specifies whether to use color in diagnostic messages. Possible values are always, auto and never. This utility, like mo…Environment EnvironmentManual ChaptersPG18Environment PGHOSTPGPORTPGUSER Default connection parameters PG_COLOR Specifies whether to use color in diagnostic messages. Possible values are always, auto and never. This utility, like mo…Environment EnvironmentManual ChaptersPG18Environment PGHOSTPGPORTPGUSER Default connection parameters PG_COLOR Specifies whether to use color in diagnostic messages. Possible values are always, auto and never. This utility, like mo…Environment EnvironmentManual ChaptersPG18Environment PGDATA # Specifies the directory where the database cluster is to be stored; can be overridden using the -D option. PG_COLOR # Specifies whether to use color in diagnostic messag…Environment EnvironmentManual ChaptersPG18Environment PGCTLTIMEOUT Default limit on the number of seconds to wait when waiting for startup or shutdown to complete. If not set, the default is 60 seconds. PGDATA Default data directory…Environment EnvironmentManual ChaptersPG18Environment PGHOSTPGOPTIONSPGPORTPGUSER Default connection parameters PG_COLOR Specifies whether to use color in diagnostic messages. Possible values are always, auto and never. This utility…Environment EnvironmentManual ChaptersPG18Environment pg_isready, like most other PostgreSQL utilities, also uses the environment variables supported by libpq (see Section 32.15). The environment variable PG_COLOR specifies whether …Environment EnvironmentManual ChaptersPG18Environment pg_amcheck, like most other PostgreSQL utilities, also uses the environment variables supported by libpq (see Section 32.15). The environment variable PG_COLOR specifies whether …Environment EnvironmentManual ChaptersPG18Environment This utility, like most other PostgreSQL utilities, uses the environment variables supported by libpq (see Section 32.15). The environment variable PG_COLOR specifies whether to …Environment EnvironmentManual ChaptersPG18Environment PGDATA Specifies the directory where the database cluster is stored; can be overridden using the -D option. PG_COLOR Specifies whether to use color in diagnostic messages. Possib…Environment EnvironmentManual ChaptersPG18Environment This utility, like most other PostgreSQL utilities, uses the environment variables supported by libpq (see Section 32.15). The environment variable PG_COLOR specifies whether to …Environment EnvironmentManual ChaptersPG18Environment PGDATA Default data directory location PG_COLOR Specifies whether to use color in diagnostic messages. Possible values are always, auto and never.Environment EnvironmentManual ChaptersPG18Environment PGDATABASEPGHOSTPGOPTIONSPGPORTPGUSER Default connection parameters. PG_COLOR Specifies whether to use color in diagnostic messages. Possible values are always, auto and never. T…Environment EnvironmentManual ChaptersPG18Environment This utility, like most other PostgreSQL utilities, uses the environment variables supported by libpq (see Section 32.15). The environment variable PG_COLOR specifies whether to …Environment EnvironmentManual ChaptersPG18Environment This utility, like most other PostgreSQL utilities, uses the environment variables supported by libpq (see Section 32.15). The environment variable PG_COLOR specifies whether to …Environment EnvironmentManual ChaptersPG18Environment PG_COLOR Specifies whether to use color in diagnostic messages. Possible values are always, auto and never.Environment EnvironmentManual ChaptersPG18Environment PGHOSTPGOPTIONSPGPORTPGUSER Default connection parameters PG_COLOR Specifies whether to use color in diagnostic messages. Possible values are always, auto and never. This utility…Environment