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OutputsOutputs
On successful completion, an UPDATE command returns a command tag of the form
UPDATE count
The count is the number of rows updated, including matched rows whose values did not change…Outputs
OutputsOutputs
When VERBOSE is specified, VACUUM emits progress messages to indicate which table is currently being processed. Various statistics about the tables are printed as well.Outputs
overlayoverlay
String Functions And Operators
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Replace substring
overlay ( string placing string from int [for int] ) → text Replace substring
overlay ( string placing string from int [for int] )…Functions · String Functions And Operators
OverloadingOverloading
PostgreSQL allows function overloading; that is, the same name can be used for several different functions so long as they have distinct input argument types. Whether or not you …Overloading
Overview52.1. Overview
Table 52.1 lists the system catalogs. More detailed documentation of each catalog follows below.
Most system catalogs are copied from the template database during database cre…Overview
Overview5.12.1. Overview
Partitioning refers to splitting what is logically one large table into smaller physical pieces. Partitioning can provide several benefits:
Query performance can be improved…Overview
Overview34.4.1. Overview
Passing data between the C program and the SQL statements is particularly simple in embedded SQL. Instead of having the program paste the data into the statement, which enta…Overview
Overview65.6.1. Overview
PostgreSQL includes an implementation of persistent on-disk hash indexes, which are fully crash recoverable. Any data type can be indexed by a hash index, including data typ…Overview
Overview23.1.1. Overview
Locale support is automatically initialized when a database cluster is created using initdb. initdb will initialize the database cluster with the locale setting of its execu…Overview
Overview47.8.1. Overview
Logical decoding can be used to build synchronous replication solutions with the same user interface as synchronous replication for streaming replication. To do this, the st…Overview
Overview22.1. Overview
A small number of objects, like role, database, and tablespace names, are defined at the cluster level and stored in the pg_global tablespace. Inside the cluster are multiple …Overview
OverviewF.31.1. Overview
pgrowlocks(text) returns setof record
The parameter is the name of a table. The result is a set of records, with one row for each locked row within the table. The output col…Overview
Overview41.1. Overview
PL/pgSQL is a loadable procedural language for the PostgreSQL database system. The design goals of PL/pgSQL were to create a loadable procedural language that
can be used to c…Overview
Overview42.1. Overview
PL/Tcl offers most of the capabilities a function writer has in the C language, with a few restrictions, and with the addition of the powerful string processing libraries that…Overview
Overview54.1. Overview
The protocol has separate phases for startup and normal operation. In the startup phase, the frontend opens a connection to the server and authenticates itself to the satisfac…Overview
Overview7.1. Overview
The process of retrieving or the command to retrieve data from a database is called a query. In SQL the SELECT command is used to specify queries. The general syntax of the SEL…Overview
OverviewE.6.1. Overview
PostgreSQL 18 contains many new features and enhancements, including:
An asynchronous I/O (AIO) subsystem that can improve performance of sequential scans, bitmap heap scans,…Overview
OverviewF.40.1. Overview
This module integrates with SELinux to provide an additional layer of security checking above and beyond what is normally provided by PostgreSQL. From the perspective of SEL…Overview
Overview10.1. Overview
SQL is a strongly typed language. That is, every data item has an associated data type which determines its behavior and allowed usage. PostgreSQL has an extensible type syste…Overview
Overview53.1. Overview
Table 53.1 lists the system views. More detailed documentation of each catalog follows below. Except where noted, all the views described here are read-only.
Table 53.1. Syste…Overview
Overview of Event Trigger Behavior38.1. Overview of Event Trigger Behavior
An event trigger fires whenever the event with which it is associated occurs in the database in which it is defined. Currently, the supported events …Overview of Event Trigger Behavior
Overview of PostgreSQL InternalsChapter 51. Overview of PostgreSQL Internals
Author This chapter originated as part of [sim98] Stefan Simkovics' Master's Thesis prepared at Vienna University of Technology under the directi…Overview of PostgreSQL Internals
Overview of Trigger Behavior37.1. Overview of Trigger Behavior
A trigger is a specification that the database should automatically execute a particular function whenever a certain type of operation is performed. Trigge…Overview of Trigger Behavior
oxgraph_pgrxoxgraph: graph traversal for PostgreSQL via OxGraph snapshots
pgrx rust
oxgraph-pgrx
FeaturesFeatures · Extensions
oxrOpenExchangeRates API client and currency-rate cache inside PostgreSQL.
currency exchange-rate http api
oxr
UtilitiesUtilities · Extensions
P0000P0000
Class P0 · PL/pgSQL Error
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plpgsql_error
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# P0000
## At a glance {#at-a-glance}
P0000 is the PL/pgSQL Error category entry.…SQLSTATE · Class P0 · PL/pgSQL Error
P0001P0001
Class P0 · PL/pgSQL Error
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`P0001` is the `raise_exception` condition in Pos…SQLSTATE · Class P0 · PL/pgSQL Error
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Class P0 · PL/pgSQL Error
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# P0002
## At a glance {#at-a-glance}
P0002 is PL/pgSQL `no_data_found`. Fixed pa…SQLSTATE · Class P0 · PL/pgSQL Error
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Class P0 · PL/pgSQL Error
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# P0003
## At a glance {#at-a-glance}
P0003 is PL/pgSQL `too_many_rows`. Fixed pa…SQLSTATE · Class P0 · PL/pgSQL Error
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Class P0 · PL/pgSQL Error
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assert_failure
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# P0004
## At a glance {#at-a-glance}
P0004 is PL/pgSQL `assert_failure`. The fixed ASSERT path repo…SQLSTATE · Class P0 · PL/pgSQL Error
Packaging Related Objects into an Extension36.17. Packaging Related Objects into an Extension
A useful extension to PostgreSQL typically includes multiple SQL objects; for example, a new data type will require new functions, new oper…Packaging Related Objects into an Extension
pacman_agentPACMAN is a Postgres Autonomous Cluster Manager
management patroni postgres
pacman_agent
AdministrationAdministration · Extensions
pagepage
Lock
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Waiting to acquire a lock on page of a relation.
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Waiting to acquire a lock on a page of a relation.
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Sub-second handoff during ordinary writes o…Wait Events · Lock
Page-Level Locks13.3.3. Page-Level Locks
In addition to table and row locks, page-level share/exclusive locks are used to control read/write access to table pages in the shared buffer pool. These locks are …Page-Level Locks
pageinspectF.23. pageinspect — low-level inspection of database pages
The pageinspect module provides functions that allow you to inspect the contents of database pages at a low level, which is useful …pageinspect — low-level inspection of database pages
pageinspect — low-level inspection of database pagesF.23. pageinspect — low-level inspection of database pages
The pageinspect module provides functions that allow you to inspect the contents of database pages at a low level, which is useful …pageinspect — low-level inspection of database pages
pagevisVisualise database pages in ascii code
pagevis
MonitoringMonitoring · Extensions
pairA key/value pair data type for PostgreSQL
data-type key-value
pair
Data typesData types · Extensions
palloc_benchBenchmark function for PostgreSQL palloc memory allocation
benchmark memory palloc
palloc_bench
FeaturesFeatures · Extensions
PAM Authentication20.13. PAM Authentication
This authentication method operates similarly to password except that it uses PAM (Pluggable Authentication Modules) as the authentication mechanism. The default PA…PAM Authentication
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