24000 — 游标状态无效（invalid_cursor_state）

游标或 portal 状态不满足当前操作要求。

英文手册覆盖始于 PostgreSQL 8.1. 来源历史与运行验证各自保留独立版本边界。

当前阅读 PG 18·选择有来源记录的版本

8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.6 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

aliases: 未知
class name: Invalid Cursor State
condition name: invalid_cursor_state
lang: en
sqlstate: 24000

版本定义 PG 18

24000 — 游标状态无效

速览 {#at-a-glance}

24000 表示游标或 portal 状态不满足当前操作。本案例声明了有效游标，却在 FETCH 定位前执行 WHERE CURRENT OF，因而报“游标未定位到行”。

含义 {#meaning}

WHERE CURRENT OF 要求游标来自可更新查询，并已通过 FETCH 选中当前行；声明本身不会定位。其他非 SELECT、已保持、不可更新或缺少 FOR UPDATE/SHARE 引用的游标也有不同 24000 模板。

诊断 {#diagnosis}

记录游标名和操作，检查声明、事务生命周期、FETCH 方向及可更新性。显式事务错误后本案例为 INERROR，回滚后回到 IDLE；本案例用主键直接更新修复，未测试重新 DECLARE/FETCH。

处理 {#response}

先 FETCH 定位再使用 CURRENT OF，或者使用确定性的键更新。保持游标和事务生命周期显式，失败事务先回滚。

实测诊断 {#messages}

18.6 (Homebrew) / latest：SQLSTATE 24000；primary cursor "item_cursor" is not positioned on a row；after_error INERROR；after_rollback IDLE。 10.21 (Debian 10.21-1.pgdg90+1) / pg10：SQLSTATE 24000；primary cursor "item_cursor" is not positioned on a row；after_error INERROR；after_rollback IDLE。

代表案例 {#case}

运行器从 verify/cases/24000/snippets.json（SHA-256 cafca57825378362df0527384614bf658bf86cd3101e1eb520ea0641819f2789）读取下列片段，并为临时 schema 替换表名；完整 setup、断言与清理见案例导出。

-- create
CREATE TABLE items(id integer PRIMARY KEY, note text NOT NULL);
-- seed
INSERT INTO items VALUES (1, 'seed');
-- begin
BEGIN;
-- declare
DECLARE item_cursor CURSOR FOR SELECT id FROM items FOR UPDATE;
-- trigger
UPDATE items SET note = 'bad' WHERE CURRENT OF item_cursor;
-- rollback
ROLLBACK;
-- repair
UPDATE items SET note = 'repaired' WHERE id = 1;
-- verify
SELECT id, note FROM items;

本案例对应的 SQLSTATE、诊断、事务状态和修复断言均来自上述共享 registry；结构化证据 · 案例导出。

作者证据 ID：identity, current-of, runtime。选定运行记录：runtime.24000-batch1-latest2-20260909.latest, runtime.24000-batch1-pg10-20260909.pg10。

版本与边界 {#versions}

锁定目录在 7.4 已观察到该条件，并在列出的正式快照中均存在。选定运行覆盖 18.6 与 10.21 的 FETCH 前 CURRENT OF 路径；其他游标状态需要独立案例。

来源 {#sources}

src.errcodes.18.6 (SHA-256 6e8de346643ba84aa3c9c6a73360acfc7b2dfb89162c06c08ce9bf5bcd5bbcba)
src.calls.REL_18_6 (SHA-256 9ee8a0e81d8f0825c5c1ae45583439859a26e602bdd4ce2f2a62aa278867ccbf)
src.execCurrent.18.6 (SHA-256 45c8e48b3a5dc46f1014482dc88e0a26c25c3a4c403372112474d9171253d8a9)
doc.declare.18.6 (SHA-256 f1d72befb9a989aa32123560aea784a8bccfcb3d3930804a101d8245e5a3cc95) · 官方文档
doc.update.18.6 (SHA-256 47dd724cd724bd77478215a4853aa1f985996a0e5bba9b2451a1ad1ebb6e51fc) · 官方文档

比较版本

SQLSTATE 证据与已记录的运行版本

cases · current_of_before_fetch

{
  "assertions": [
    "SQLSTATE is 24000",
    "The connection recovers after rollback",
    "A direct update succeeds afterward"
  ],
  "case_id": "current_of_before_fetch",
  "cleanup": "Drop the case schema with an owner connection.",
  "has_snippet": true,
  "position": 0,
  "preconditions": [
    "A cursor is declared for a SELECT ... FOR UPDATE",
    "The cursor has not fetched a row"
  ],
  "repair": "Fetch or otherwise position the cursor before CURRENT OF, or use a key-based update whose concurrency semantics are explicit.",
  "trigger": "Use WHERE CURRENT OF before the cursor is positioned on a row.",
  "versions": [
    "10",
    "18"
  ]
}

claims · identity

{
  "claim_id": "identity",
  "limits": "The class has several cursor/portal states; the observed message is one path.",
  "method": "Read the fixed condition row.",
  "position": 0,
  "runtime": [],
  "sources": [
    "src.errcodes.18.6"
  ],
  "statement": "24000 is invalid_cursor_state in Class 24."
}

claims · current-of

{
  "claim_id": "current-of",
  "limits": "A cursor can be validly declared yet still be unpositioned; declaration alone does not make CURRENT OF usable.",
  "method": "Trace execCurrent and the documented DECLARE/CURRENT OF rules.",
  "position": 1,
  "runtime": [],
  "sources": [
    "src.execCurrent.18.6",
    "doc.declare.18.6",
    "doc.update.18.6",
    "src.calls.REL_18_6"
  ],
  "statement": "UPDATE or DELETE ... WHERE CURRENT OF requires a positioned, updatable cursor row; before FETCH the executor reports 24000."
}

claims · runtime

{
  "claim_id": "runtime",
  "limits": "Only the before-FETCH CURRENT OF path was run; other cursor states use other source templates.",
  "method": "Read the selected summaries and raw diagnostics.",
  "position": 2,
  "runtime": [],
  "sources": [
    "runtime.24000-batch1-latest2-20260909.latest",
    "runtime.24000-batch1-pg10-20260909.pg10"
  ],
  "statement": "The selected explicit transaction case returned 24000 before FETCH, entered INERROR, recovered after ROLLBACK, and then directly repaired the row on PG18.6 and PG10.21."
}

messages · unpositioned

{
  "limits": "The same template is also used by another CURRENT OF path; the cursor name is substituted at runtime.",
  "message_id": "unpositioned",
  "path": "",
  "position": 0,
  "raw": {
    "id": "unpositioned",
    "limits": "The same template is also used by another CURRENT OF path; the cursor name is substituted at runtime.",
    "primary_template": "cursor \"%s\" is not positioned on a row",
    "severity_source": "ERROR",
    "sources": [
      "src.execCurrent.18.6"
    ],
    "sqlstate": "24000"
  },
  "severity": "ERROR",
  "sources": [
    "src.execCurrent.18.6"
  ],
  "templates": [
    {
      "kind": "primary",
      "literal": "cursor \" \" is not positioned on a row",
      "position": 0,
      "role": "",
      "template": "cursor \"%s\" is not positioned on a row"
    }
  ]
}

runtimes · runtime.24000-batch1-latest2-20260909.latest · 18.6 (Homebrew) · passed

{
  "cases": [
    "current_of_before_fetch"
  ],
  "limits": "",
  "position": 0,
  "raw": {
    "case_manifest": {
      "path": "verify/cases/24000/cases.json",
      "sha256": "5a52a1c37d8702961515d9d32e7c5285ca3a9cebe0a16492858864ce933a1b1c"
    },
    "cases": [
      "current_of_before_fetch"
    ],
    "id": "runtime.24000-batch1-latest2-20260909.latest",
    "observed": {
      "after_error": "INERROR",
      "after_rollback": "IDLE",
      "primary": "cursor \"item_cursor\" is not positioned on a row",
      "repaired_row": [
        1,
        "repaired"
      ],
      "sqlstate": "24000"
    },
    "raw": "verify/results/24000-batch1-latest2-20260909/latest/raw.jsonl",
    "raw_sha256": "567d6fb5a4c4f6e881050992aa833c79999d5018cba753b41021483f59e7069c",
    "run_id": "24000-batch1-latest2-20260909",
    "server_version": "18.6 (Homebrew)",
    "server_version_num": 180006,
    "snippet_registry": {
      "path": "verify/cases/24000/snippets.json",
      "sha256": "cafca57825378362df0527384614bf658bf86cd3101e1eb520ea0641819f2789"
    },
    "status": "passed",
    "summary": "verify/results/24000-batch1-latest2-20260909/latest/summary.json",
    "summary_sha256": "d14d912dad21157c8911b7ec6f16eb5b995b4efd387cca830b826a4ff17039d6",
    "target": "latest"
  },
  "run_id": "24000-batch1-latest2-20260909",
  "runtime_id": "runtime.24000-batch1-latest2-20260909.latest",
  "server_version": "18.6 (Homebrew)",
  "status": "passed",
  "target": "latest"
}

runtimes · runtime.24000-batch1-pg10-20260909.pg10 · 10.21 (Debian 10.21-1.pgdg90+1) · passed

{
  "cases": [
    "current_of_before_fetch"
  ],
  "limits": "",
  "position": 1,
  "raw": {
    "case_manifest": {
      "path": "verify/cases/24000/cases.json",
      "sha256": "5a52a1c37d8702961515d9d32e7c5285ca3a9cebe0a16492858864ce933a1b1c"
    },
    "cases": [
      "current_of_before_fetch"
    ],
    "id": "runtime.24000-batch1-pg10-20260909.pg10",
    "observed": {
      "after_error": "INERROR",
      "after_rollback": "IDLE",
      "primary": "cursor \"item_cursor\" is not positioned on a row",
      "repaired_row": [
        1,
        "repaired"
      ],
      "sqlstate": "24000"
    },
    "raw": "verify/results/24000-batch1-pg10-20260909/pg10/raw.jsonl",
    "raw_sha256": "cf77c7f96913d2a33315afa186be2fd51eb100f69da7d5540ed708f41b5bde3f",
    "run_id": "24000-batch1-pg10-20260909",
    "server_version": "10.21 (Debian 10.21-1.pgdg90+1)",
    "server_version_num": 100021,
    "snippet_registry": {
      "path": "verify/cases/24000/snippets.json",
      "sha256": "cafca57825378362df0527384614bf658bf86cd3101e1eb520ea0641819f2789"
    },
    "status": "passed",
    "summary": "verify/results/24000-batch1-pg10-20260909/pg10/summary.json",
    "summary_sha256": "9a38d0b3ee7ffa8f3018ceb09045cc78ae4c2bccd004a6c369cf9cbc76089851",
    "target": "pg10"
  },
  "run_id": "24000-batch1-pg10-20260909",
  "runtime_id": "runtime.24000-batch1-pg10-20260909.pg10",
  "server_version": "10.21 (Debian 10.21-1.pgdg90+1)",
  "status": "passed",
  "target": "pg10"
}

sources · src.errcodes.18.6

{
  "commit": "724edf9bde9d356724ad384a2e196edc3c9f80f7",
  "docs_url": "",
  "kind": "upstream_source",
  "location": "",
  "path": "src/backend/utils/errcodes.txt",
  "position": 0,
  "sha256": "6e8de346643ba84aa3c9c6a73360acfc7b2dfb89162c06c08ce9bf5bcd5bbcba",
  "source_id": "src.errcodes.18.6",
  "tag": "REL_18_6",
  "url": "https://github.com/postgres/postgres/blob/724edf9bde9d356724ad384a2e196edc3c9f80f7/src/backend/utils/errcodes.txt"
}

sources · src.calls.REL_18_6

{
  "commit": "",
  "docs_url": "",
  "kind": "local_artifact",
  "location": "",
  "path": "raw/calls/REL_18_6.jsonl",
  "position": 1,
  "sha256": "9ee8a0e81d8f0825c5c1ae45583439859a26e602bdd4ce2f2a62aa278867ccbf",
  "source_id": "src.calls.REL_18_6",
  "tag": "",
  "url": ""
}

sources · src.execCurrent.18.6

{
  "commit": "724edf9bde9d356724ad384a2e196edc3c9f80f7",
  "docs_url": "",
  "kind": "upstream_source",
  "location": "",
  "path": "src/backend/executor/execCurrent.c",
  "position": 2,
  "sha256": "45c8e48b3a5dc46f1014482dc88e0a26c25c3a4c403372112474d9171253d8a9",
  "source_id": "src.execCurrent.18.6",
  "tag": "REL_18_6",
  "url": "https://github.com/postgres/postgres/blob/724edf9bde9d356724ad384a2e196edc3c9f80f7/src/backend/executor/execCurrent.c#L135-L138"
}

sources · doc.declare.18.6

{
  "commit": "724edf9bde9d356724ad384a2e196edc3c9f80f7",
  "docs_url": "https://www.postgresql.org/docs/18/sql-declare.html",
  "kind": "upstream_source",
  "location": "",
  "path": "doc/src/sgml/ref/declare.sgml",
  "position": 3,
  "sha256": "f1d72befb9a989aa32123560aea784a8bccfcb3d3930804a101d8245e5a3cc95",
  "source_id": "doc.declare.18.6",
  "tag": "REL_18_6",
  "url": "https://github.com/postgres/postgres/blob/724edf9bde9d356724ad384a2e196edc3c9f80f7/doc/src/sgml/ref/declare.sgml#L275-L285"
}

sources · doc.update.18.6

{
  "commit": "724edf9bde9d356724ad384a2e196edc3c9f80f7",
  "docs_url": "https://www.postgresql.org/docs/18/sql-update.html",
  "kind": "upstream_source",
  "location": "",
  "path": "doc/src/sgml/ref/update.sgml",
  "position": 4,
  "sha256": "47dd724cd724bd77478215a4853aa1f985996a0e5bba9b2451a1ad1ebb6e51fc",
  "source_id": "doc.update.18.6",
  "tag": "REL_18_6",
  "url": "https://github.com/postgres/postgres/blob/724edf9bde9d356724ad384a2e196edc3c9f80f7/doc/src/sgml/ref/update.sgml#L203-L211"
}

来源引用

原始手册引用

完整定义与证据 JSON

定义来源

center · PostgreSQL 18 · english-manuals:ea437c8357667a89d3001ec920203a65b1f5087d24d2e4eaa5d31bfe0929cc46

正文语言: zh-Hans · english-manuals:ea437c8357667a89d3001ec920203a65b1f5087d24d2e4eaa5d31bfe0929cc46