25P01 — 没有活动 SQL 事务（no_active_sql_transaction）

操作需要活动事务块，如自动提交下的 SAVEPOINT。

英文手册覆盖始于 PostgreSQL 8.1. 来源历史与运行验证各自保留独立版本边界。

当前阅读 PG 18·选择有来源记录的版本

8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.6 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

aliases: 未知
class name: Invalid Transaction State
condition name: no_active_sql_transaction
lang: en
sqlstate: 25P01

版本定义 PG 18

25P01 — 没有活动 SQL 事务（no_active_sql_transaction）

速览 {#at-a-glance}

25P01 表示操作需要活动 SQL 事务。选定案例在自动提交会话中发送 SAVEPOINT，得到精确错误且会话保持 IDLE；随后在 BEGIN 内重新执行并提交。

含义 {#meaning}

源码把语句名填入 %s can only be used in transaction blocks；本文的 SAVEPOINT 路径严重级别为 ERROR。同一 SQLSTATE 还覆盖 COMMIT AND CHAIN/ROLLBACK AND CHAIN 的错误，以及无事务时 COMMIT/ROLLBACK 的警告，固定报文是 there is no transaction in progress。

诊断 {#diagnosis}

执行 SAVEPOINT、RELEASE SAVEPOINT 或 ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT 前，先确认客户端已进入显式事务块。选定运行中失败的自动提交语句后仍为 IDLE；修复序列是 BEGIN、SAVEPOINT、RELEASE、COMMIT。

处理 {#response}

创建保存点前先启动显式事务。若操作误发在事务块外，应修正客户端事务包装后重试；本自动提交错误没有遗留失败事务块，因此不需要回滚。

源码报文 {#messages}

xact.c 用 %s can only be used in transaction blocks 组装语句级报文；本案例把 %s 替换为 SAVEPOINT，严重级别为 ERROR。COMMIT AND CHAIN 与 ROLLBACK AND CHAIN 在无事务块时使用同一动态形式；无事务时的 COMMIT/ROLLBACK 则使用 WARNING 报文 there is no transaction in progress。

实测诊断 {#observed}

18.6 (Homebrew) / latest：SQLSTATE 25P01；主报文 SAVEPOINT can only be used in transaction blocks；错误后状态 IDLE；显式事务修复 INTRANS → IDLE。 10.21 (Debian 10.21-1.pgdg90+1) / pg10：SQLSTATE 25P01；主报文 SAVEPOINT can only be used in transaction blocks；错误后状态 IDLE；显式事务修复 INTRANS → IDLE。

代表案例 {#case}

运行器从共享语句清单（registry）读取下列无事务保存点和显式块修复语句；完整断言、环境和清理见案例导出。

-- trigger
SAVEPOINT outside_block;
-- begin
BEGIN;
-- savepoint
SAVEPOINT inside_block;
-- release
RELEASE SAVEPOINT inside_block;
-- commit
COMMIT;
-- verify
SELECT 1;

上述片段的 SQLSTATE、诊断、状态和修复断言来自共享语句清单（registry）（SHA-256 a1ffffc778f82789f1c1ac4027a109fc76e4b315ef2e3a5bdbfc47c8f84ce951）；结构化证据。

作者证据 ID：identity, savepoint-path, runtime。选定运行记录：runtime.25P01-batch2-latest-20260909.latest, runtime.25P01-batch2-pg10-20260909.pg10。

版本与边界 {#versions}

SAVEPOINT 案例在 18.6 与 10.21 返回相同主报文的 25P01，显式事务块修复后两个目标均回到 IDLE。

来源 {#sources}

src.errcodes.18.6 (SHA-256 6e8de346643ba84aa3c9c6a73360acfc7b2dfb89162c06c08ce9bf5bcd5bbcba)
src.calls.REL_18_6 — raw/calls/REL_18_6.jsonl (SHA-256 9ee8a0e81d8f0825c5c1ae45583439859a26e602bdd4ce2f2a62aa278867ccbf)
src.xact.18.6 (SHA-256 75b012c0b047d1dc905a30975c244beec366e45eac0dbf109fd21bcd611a8e39)
doc.savepoint.18.6 (SHA-256 aa6e167d373da6118249c87404a7b2ff8be8c7df790449814f1d9dc433bbd428) · official documentation
src.xact.savepoint.18.6 (SHA-256 75b012c0b047d1dc905a30975c244beec366e45eac0dbf109fd21bcd611a8e39)

比较版本

SQLSTATE 证据与已记录的运行版本

cases · savepoint_without_transaction

{
  "assertions": [
    "SQLSTATE is 25P01",
    "SAVEPOINT outside a block reports the no-active-transaction message",
    "An explicit BEGIN/SAVEPOINT/RELEASE/COMMIT repair succeeds"
  ],
  "case_id": "savepoint_without_transaction",
  "cleanup": "Drop the case schema with an owner connection.",
  "has_snippet": true,
  "position": 0,
  "preconditions": [
    "A runner-owned disposable target is provisioned."
  ],
  "repair": "Follow the explicit transaction or source boundary described by the case.",
  "trigger": "Run SAVEPOINT without BEGIN, then repeat inside an explicit block.",
  "versions": [
    "10",
    "18"
  ]
}

claims · identity

{
  "claim_id": "identity",
  "limits": "It is distinct from the branch-transaction condition 25005.",
  "method": "Read the fixed condition row and macro.",
  "position": 0,
  "runtime": [],
  "sources": [
    "src.errcodes.18.6"
  ],
  "statement": "25P01 is no_active_sql_transaction in Class 25."
}

claims · savepoint-path

{
  "claim_id": "savepoint-path",
  "limits": "Other no-active paths may be WARNING or use a different statement name; this case uses the SAVEPOINT ERROR path.",
  "method": "Trace the SAVEPOINT state branch and compare the official savepoint boundary.",
  "position": 1,
  "runtime": [],
  "sources": [
    "src.xact.savepoint.18.6",
    "doc.savepoint.18.6",
    "src.calls.REL_18_6"
  ],
  "statement": "The fixed xact.c paths report 25P01 when SAVEPOINT, RELEASE SAVEPOINT, or ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT is issued without an explicit transaction block; the selected SAVEPOINT path is ERROR."
}

claims · runtime

{
  "claim_id": "runtime",
  "limits": "The case covers SAVEPOINT outside a transaction block, not every warning or no-active path.",
  "method": "Read the selected summaries and structured diagnostics.",
  "position": 2,
  "runtime": [],
  "sources": [
    "runtime",
    "runtime.25P01-batch2-latest-20260909.latest",
    "runtime.25P01-batch2-pg10-20260909.pg10"
  ],
  "statement": "The selected SAVEPOINT case returned 25P01 on PostgreSQL 18.6 and 10.21, stayed IDLE in autocommit mode, and completed the explicit-block repair."
}

claims · warning-path

{
  "claim_id": "warning-path",
  "limits": "These warning/error paths are source-backed context, not the selected SAVEPOINT runtime case.",
  "method": "Read the resolved report groups at the no-transaction COMMIT/ROLLBACK and transaction-chain branches.",
  "position": 3,
  "runtime": [],
  "sources": [
    "src.xact.18.6",
    "src.calls.REL_18_6"
  ],
  "statement": "The fixed xact.c source also uses 25P01 for no-transaction COMMIT/ROLLBACK warnings with \"there is no transaction in progress\", while COMMIT AND CHAIN and ROLLBACK AND CHAIN use the transaction-block error form."
}

messages · savepoint

{
  "limits": "The %s substitution is the statement name; the selected message is SAVEPOINT can only be used in transaction blocks.",
  "message_id": "savepoint",
  "path": "",
  "position": 0,
  "raw": {
    "id": "savepoint",
    "limits": "The %s substitution is the statement name; the selected message is SAVEPOINT can only be used in transaction blocks.",
    "primary_template": "%s can only be used in transaction blocks",
    "severity_source": "ERROR for the selected SAVEPOINT path; the shared dynamic form can be WARNING in other branches.",
    "sources": [
      "src.xact.savepoint.18.6"
    ],
    "sqlstate": "25P01"
  },
  "severity": "ERROR for the selected SAVEPOINT path; the shared dynamic form can be WARNING in other branches.",
  "sources": [
    "src.xact.savepoint.18.6"
  ],
  "templates": [
    {
      "kind": "primary",
      "literal": "can only be used in transaction blocks",
      "position": 0,
      "role": "",
      "template": "%s can only be used in transaction blocks"
    }
  ]
}

messages · no-transaction-warning

{
  "limits": "Used by no-transaction COMMIT/ROLLBACK branches; it is not the selected SAVEPOINT ERROR.",
  "message_id": "no-transaction-warning",
  "path": "",
  "position": 1,
  "raw": {
    "id": "no-transaction-warning",
    "limits": "Used by no-transaction COMMIT/ROLLBACK branches; it is not the selected SAVEPOINT ERROR.",
    "primary_template": "there is no transaction in progress",
    "severity_source": "WARNING",
    "sources": [
      "src.xact.18.6"
    ],
    "sqlstate": "25P01"
  },
  "severity": "WARNING",
  "sources": [
    "src.xact.18.6"
  ],
  "templates": [
    {
      "kind": "primary",
      "literal": "there is no transaction in progress",
      "position": 0,
      "role": "",
      "template": "there is no transaction in progress"
    }
  ]
}

runtimes · runtime.25P01-batch2-latest-20260909.latest · 18.6 (Homebrew) · passed

{
  "cases": [
    "savepoint_without_transaction"
  ],
  "limits": "",
  "position": 0,
  "raw": {
    "case_manifest": {
      "path": "verify/cases/25P01/cases.json",
      "sha256": "49bc7e60ade603e07255a3096b94803423aa3a2fbd058a3aca604d4edfaf0072"
    },
    "case_status": "passed",
    "cases": [
      "savepoint_without_transaction"
    ],
    "id": "runtime.25P01-batch2-latest-20260909.latest",
    "observed": {
      "after_begin": "INTRANS",
      "after_error": "IDLE",
      "final_status": "IDLE",
      "primary": "SAVEPOINT can only be used in transaction blocks",
      "sqlstate": "25P01"
    },
    "raw": "verify/results/25P01-batch2-latest-20260909/latest/raw.jsonl",
    "raw_sha256": "4bd89117ee074c9e6d7bc8fb0023b2dbea6cc2389c3e6956a4074b161ef0887a",
    "run_id": "25P01-batch2-latest-20260909",
    "server_version": "18.6 (Homebrew)",
    "server_version_num": 180006,
    "snippet_registry": {
      "path": "verify/cases/25P01/snippets.json",
      "sha256": "a1ffffc778f82789f1c1ac4027a109fc76e4b315ef2e3a5bdbfc47c8f84ce951"
    },
    "status": "passed",
    "summary": "verify/results/25P01-batch2-latest-20260909/latest/summary.json",
    "summary_sha256": "aa6294daccf84497125a2e823231f2f7f7c3909d16064761ae4e8d4783376027",
    "target": "latest",
    "target_status": "passed"
  },
  "run_id": "25P01-batch2-latest-20260909",
  "runtime_id": "runtime.25P01-batch2-latest-20260909.latest",
  "server_version": "18.6 (Homebrew)",
  "status": "passed",
  "target": "latest"
}

runtimes · runtime.25P01-batch2-pg10-20260909.pg10 · 10.21 (Debian 10.21-1.pgdg90+1) · passed

{
  "cases": [
    "savepoint_without_transaction"
  ],
  "limits": "",
  "position": 1,
  "raw": {
    "case_manifest": {
      "path": "verify/cases/25P01/cases.json",
      "sha256": "49bc7e60ade603e07255a3096b94803423aa3a2fbd058a3aca604d4edfaf0072"
    },
    "case_status": "passed",
    "cases": [
      "savepoint_without_transaction"
    ],
    "id": "runtime.25P01-batch2-pg10-20260909.pg10",
    "observed": {
      "after_begin": "INTRANS",
      "after_error": "IDLE",
      "final_status": "IDLE",
      "primary": "SAVEPOINT can only be used in transaction blocks",
      "sqlstate": "25P01"
    },
    "raw": "verify/results/25P01-batch2-pg10-20260909/pg10/raw.jsonl",
    "raw_sha256": "af9d34a18019d994852fe38933d1f000b0bd6f2536d63c41e6365ba8d8b26864",
    "run_id": "25P01-batch2-pg10-20260909",
    "server_version": "10.21 (Debian 10.21-1.pgdg90+1)",
    "server_version_num": 100021,
    "snippet_registry": {
      "path": "verify/cases/25P01/snippets.json",
      "sha256": "a1ffffc778f82789f1c1ac4027a109fc76e4b315ef2e3a5bdbfc47c8f84ce951"
    },
    "status": "passed",
    "summary": "verify/results/25P01-batch2-pg10-20260909/pg10/summary.json",
    "summary_sha256": "daa3bbb7722b859f4b759e3a8421138b6e5a38cf9d3037d32629daf4c923eda4",
    "target": "pg10",
    "target_status": "passed"
  },
  "run_id": "25P01-batch2-pg10-20260909",
  "runtime_id": "runtime.25P01-batch2-pg10-20260909.pg10",
  "server_version": "10.21 (Debian 10.21-1.pgdg90+1)",
  "status": "passed",
  "target": "pg10"
}

sources · src.errcodes.18.6

{
  "commit": "724edf9bde9d356724ad384a2e196edc3c9f80f7",
  "docs_url": "",
  "kind": "upstream_source",
  "location": "",
  "path": "src/backend/utils/errcodes.txt",
  "position": 0,
  "sha256": "6e8de346643ba84aa3c9c6a73360acfc7b2dfb89162c06c08ce9bf5bcd5bbcba",
  "source_id": "src.errcodes.18.6",
  "tag": "REL_18_6",
  "url": "https://github.com/postgres/postgres/blob/724edf9bde9d356724ad384a2e196edc3c9f80f7/src/backend/utils/errcodes.txt"
}

sources · src.calls.REL_18_6

{
  "commit": "",
  "docs_url": "",
  "kind": "local_artifact",
  "location": "",
  "path": "raw/calls/REL_18_6.jsonl",
  "position": 1,
  "sha256": "9ee8a0e81d8f0825c5c1ae45583439859a26e602bdd4ce2f2a62aa278867ccbf",
  "source_id": "src.calls.REL_18_6",
  "tag": "",
  "url": ""
}

sources · src.xact.18.6

{
  "commit": "724edf9bde9d356724ad384a2e196edc3c9f80f7",
  "docs_url": "",
  "kind": "upstream_source",
  "location": "",
  "path": "src/backend/access/transam/xact.c",
  "position": 2,
  "sha256": "75b012c0b047d1dc905a30975c244beec366e45eac0dbf109fd21bcd611a8e39",
  "source_id": "src.xact.18.6",
  "tag": "REL_18_6",
  "url": "https://github.com/postgres/postgres/blob/724edf9bde9d356724ad384a2e196edc3c9f80f7/src/backend/access/transam/xact.c#L3724-L3749"
}

sources · doc.savepoint.18.6

{
  "commit": "724edf9bde9d356724ad384a2e196edc3c9f80f7",
  "docs_url": "https://www.postgresql.org/docs/18/sql-savepoint.html",
  "kind": "upstream_source",
  "location": "",
  "path": "doc/src/sgml/ref/savepoint.sgml",
  "position": 3,
  "sha256": "aa6e167d373da6118249c87404a7b2ff8be8c7df790449814f1d9dc433bbd428",
  "source_id": "doc.savepoint.18.6",
  "tag": "REL_18_6",
  "url": "https://github.com/postgres/postgres/blob/724edf9bde9d356724ad384a2e196edc3c9f80f7/doc/src/sgml/ref/savepoint.sgml#L68-L78"
}

sources · src.xact.savepoint.18.6

{
  "commit": "724edf9bde9d356724ad384a2e196edc3c9f80f7",
  "docs_url": "",
  "kind": "upstream_source",
  "location": "",
  "path": "src/backend/access/transam/xact.c",
  "position": 4,
  "sha256": "75b012c0b047d1dc905a30975c244beec366e45eac0dbf109fd21bcd611a8e39",
  "source_id": "src.xact.savepoint.18.6",
  "tag": "REL_18_6",
  "url": "https://github.com/postgres/postgres/blob/724edf9bde9d356724ad384a2e196edc3c9f80f7/src/backend/access/transam/xact.c#L4418-L4424"
}

来源引用

原始手册引用

完整定义与证据 JSON

定义来源

center · PostgreSQL 18 · english-manuals:7b7c67ef57bb09f886f99d0fe9c3beb1b270f92d25a0bf4b595000f75ee51f7c

正文语言: zh-Hans · english-manuals:7b7c67ef57bb09f886f99d0fe9c3beb1b270f92d25a0bf4b595000f75ee51f7c

25P01 — 没有活动 SQL 事务（no_active_sql_transaction）

版本定义 PG 18

25P01 — 没有活动 SQL 事务（no_active_sql_transaction）

速览 {#at-a-glance}

含义 {#meaning}

诊断 {#diagnosis}

处理 {#response}

源码报文 {#messages}

实测诊断 {#observed}

代表案例 {#case}

版本与边界 {#versions}

相关 {#related}

来源 {#sources}

比较版本

SQLSTATE 证据与已记录的运行版本

来源引用