42602 — 名称无效（invalid_name）

名称不合法，如 enum 标签超出长度限制。

英文手册覆盖始于 PostgreSQL 8.1. 来源历史与运行验证各自保留独立版本边界。

当前阅读 PG 18·选择有来源记录的版本

8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.6 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

aliases: 未知
class name: Syntax Error or Access Rule Violation
condition name: invalid_name
lang: en
sqlstate: 42602

版本定义 PG 18

42602 — 名称无效

速览 {#at-a-glance}

SQLSTATE 42602 是 Class 42 中的 invalid_name。42602 表示名称无效。选定的 enum 路径拒绝 64 字节标签，主报文为 invalid enum label "%s"，并给出长度 DETAIL；随后可以添加短标签。

含义 {#meaning}

42602 表示名称无效。在 AddEnumLabel 中，PostgreSQL 会在修改目录前把输入的 enum 标签与 NAMEDATALEN - 1 比较。选定的 64 字节标签因此产生明确的 ERROR，主报文为 invalid enum label "%s"，并给出长度 DETAIL；随后可以添加短标签。这是 enum 标签的具体路径，不能据此断言所有无效对象名称都由同一 producer 产生。

诊断 {#diagnosis}

检查对象类型以及 DETAIL 中的准确长度措辞。本批在 18.6 与 10.21 观察 enum 标签路径：18.6 的源码/运行报文是 Labels must be 63 bytes or less.，10.21 是 Labels must be 63 characters or less. 仅凭这两个措辞不能推断长度机制改变；两份固定源码都把标签与 NAMEDATALEN - 1 比较。失败的 DDL 在自动提交中是 ERROR，选定会话仍为 IDLE。

处理 {#response}

使用限制以内的标签，或把较长的用户值存为数据。失败语句返回后再添加合法短标签；选定修复后 enum 中有 ok 和 short。不要静默截断 enum 标签，也不要把该 enum 专用路径推广成所有名称错误。

报文 {#messages}

选定源码路径以明确的 ERROR 发出主报文 invalid enum label "%s"。DETAIL 在 18.6 为 Labels must be 63 bytes or less.，在 10.21 为 Labels must be 63 characters or less.，标签文本是动态值。只有客户端异常而没有服务器 SQLSTATE、主报文和长度 DETAIL 时，不能据此识别这个选定的 enum 标签子路径；其他固定 producer 可以使用同一 SQLSTATE 和不同诊断。

代表案例 {#case}

本页使用与运行器注册表相同的语句。执行时，syntax_schema、syntax_role 等生成名称会替换为一次性实例中的实际值。

CREATE TYPE syntax_schema.syntax_enum AS ENUM ('ok');
ALTER TYPE syntax_schema.syntax_enum ADD VALUE 'xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx';
ALTER TYPE syntax_schema.syntax_enum ADD VALUE 'short';
SELECT enum_range(NULL::syntax_schema.syntax_enum)::text[];

选定的 18.6 运行记录结构化诊断并通过修复断言；10.21 运行通过同一案例的具体检查。可下载的案例和证据投影分别是 42602 案例 JSON 和 作者证据。运行器清单为 verify/cases/42602/cases.json，页面 SQL 会与共享注册表核对。

版本 {#versions}

选定的自然运行范围是 PostgreSQL 18.6 与 10.21，不能据此推断所有中间版本的行为。

来源 {#sources}

src.errcodes.18.6 — fixed errcodes.txt definition at commit 724edf9bde9d356724ad384a2e196edc3c9f80f7; SHA-256 6e8de346643ba84aa3c9c6a73360acfc7b2dfb89162c06c08ce9bf5bcd5bbcba (source).
src.enum-invalid-label.18.6 — src/backend/catalog/pg_enum.c at REL_18_6 commit 724edf9bde9d356724ad384a2e196edc3c9f80f7; fixed blob SHA-256 849793e92baf9c0e4e8950f8472e2772289c22c58a4ea93997ef0218d7e4b3fc (source).
src.enum-invalid-label.10.23 — src/backend/catalog/pg_enum.c at REL_10_23 commit 02991e79f8f58bc208f05dcc8af0c62dbe0a6ea4; fixed blob SHA-256 08076bbd661f4c400cf9741f4cfe89c5b0daf3383e4a3e6ac10f3f8f4bec16a6 (source).
src.calls.REL_18_6 / src.calls.REL_10_23 — fixed call scans, SHA-256 9ee8a0e81d8f0825c5c1ae45583439859a26e602bdd4ce2f2a62aa278867ccbf / 00d16d3eb01b71ccf1b245c8f3102f9d0ec9f36fb02777b8dd1b99fcb263040c.

比较版本

SQLSTATE 证据与已记录的运行版本

cases · invalid_enum_label

{
  "assertions": [
    "SQLSTATE is 42602 and the primary identifies an invalid enum label",
    "The session remains IDLE",
    "Adding a short label succeeds and the enum contains both labels"
  ],
  "case_id": "invalid_enum_label",
  "cleanup": "Drop the case schema with an owner connection.",
  "has_snippet": true,
  "position": 0,
  "preconditions": [
    "A runner-owned disposable target is provisioned."
  ],
  "repair": "Use an enum label within the server byte limit or model longer values as data.",
  "trigger": "Create an enum and add a 64-byte label, exceeding the enum label limit.",
  "versions": [
    "10",
    "18"
  ]
}

claims · identity.class-and-condition

{
  "claim_id": "identity.class-and-condition",
  "limits": "Directory identity does not identify every backend path.",
  "method": "Read fixed errcodes.txt and the locked catalogue metadata.",
  "position": 0,
  "runtime": [],
  "sources": [
    "src.errcodes.18.6"
  ],
  "statement": "42602 is the invalid_name condition in Class 42."
}

claims · mechanism.backend-path

{
  "claim_id": "mechanism.backend-path",
  "limits": "Other calls can use the same SQLSTATE with different context or dynamic fields.",
  "method": "Trace the resolved REL_18_6 and REL_10_23 source call records at the locked commits.",
  "position": 1,
  "runtime": [],
  "sources": [
    "src.enum-invalid-label.18.6",
    "src.enum-invalid-label.10.23"
  ],
  "statement": "The fixed source calls for 42602 include the mechanism and message boundary selected for this page."
}

claims · runtime.representative-case

{
  "claim_id": "runtime.representative-case",
  "limits": "This covers the selected case and targets only; it does not generalize to all drivers or intermediate releases.",
  "method": "Run the shared registry case and inspect structured diagnostics, state/recovery assertions, and cleanup.",
  "position": 2,
  "runtime": [
    "runtime.42602-syntax-latest1.latest",
    "runtime.42602-syntax-pg10.pg10"
  ],
  "sources": [
    "manifest.42602",
    "snippet-registry.42602"
  ],
  "statement": "The selected invalid_enum_label case passed on isolated PostgreSQL 18.6 and 10.21 targets."
}

claims · versions.catalogue-boundary

{
  "claim_id": "versions.catalogue-boundary",
  "limits": "Definition presence is not an exact behavioral introduction.",
  "method": "Read generated facts and selected summaries.",
  "position": 3,
  "runtime": [],
  "sources": [
    "src.errcodes.18.6",
    "src.calls.REL_18_6",
    "src.calls.REL_10_23"
  ],
  "statement": "The locked catalogue records 42602; runtime scope is limited to the selected targets."
}

messages · message.enum-label

{
  "limits": "",
  "message_id": "message.enum-label",
  "path": "",
  "position": 0,
  "raw": {
    "detail_variants": [
      {
        "source": "src.enum-invalid-label.18.6",
        "target": "REL_18_6",
        "template": "Labels must be %d bytes or less."
      },
      {
        "source": "src.enum-invalid-label.10.23",
        "target": "REL_10_23",
        "template": "Labels must be %d characters or less."
      }
    ],
    "id": "message.enum-label",
    "primary_template": "invalid enum label \"%s\"",
    "severity_source": "explicit ERROR",
    "sources": [
      "src.enum-invalid-label.18.6",
      "src.enum-invalid-label.10.23"
    ],
    "sqlstate": "42602"
  },
  "severity": "explicit ERROR",
  "sources": [
    "src.enum-invalid-label.18.6",
    "src.enum-invalid-label.10.23"
  ],
  "templates": [
    {
      "kind": "primary",
      "literal": "invalid enum label \" \"",
      "position": 0,
      "role": "",
      "template": "invalid enum label \"%s\""
    },
    {
      "kind": "detail",
      "literal": "Labels must be bytes or less.",
      "position": 1,
      "role": "REL_18_6",
      "template": "Labels must be %d bytes or less."
    },
    {
      "kind": "detail",
      "literal": "Labels must be characters or less.",
      "position": 2,
      "role": "REL_10_23",
      "template": "Labels must be %d characters or less."
    }
  ]
}

runtimes · runtime.42602-syntax-latest1.latest · 18.6 (Homebrew) · passed

{
  "cases": [],
  "limits": "",
  "position": 0,
  "raw": {
    "assertions": [
      {
        "expected": "42602",
        "name": "42602 SQLSTATE",
        "observed": "42602",
        "passed": true
      },
      {
        "expected": "ERROR",
        "name": "42602 ERROR severity",
        "observed": "ERROR",
        "passed": true
      },
      {
        "expected": "invalid enum label",
        "name": "enum diagnostic identifies invalid label",
        "observed": "invalid enum label \"xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx\"",
        "passed": true
      },
      {
        "expected": "IDLE",
        "name": "invalid enum label leaves session usable",
        "observed": "IDLE",
        "passed": true
      },
      {
        "expected": {
          "labels": [
            "ok",
            "short"
          ],
          "status": "IDLE"
        },
        "name": "short enum label repairs the type",
        "observed": {
          "labels": [
            "ok",
            "short"
          ],
          "status": "IDLE"
        },
        "passed": true
      }
    ],
    "case_manifest": {
      "id": "manifest.42602",
      "kind": "local_artifact",
      "path": "verify/cases/42602/cases.json",
      "sha256": "6fb98d3b2118d3e6d2787cfe9de305ade8f902f706600bcfd447c25377fc8b3f",
      "source_role": "case_manifest"
    },
    "cleanup": {
      "errors": [],
      "passed": true
    },
    "environment": {
      "TimeZone": "Asia/Shanghai",
      "backend_pid": 1663,
      "binary": {
        "bindir": "/opt/homebrew/Cellar/postgresql@18/18.6/bin",
        "pg_config": "/opt/homebrew/bin/pg_config",
        "pg_config_version": "PostgreSQL 18.6 (Homebrew)",
        "postgres": "/opt/homebrew/Cellar/postgresql@18/18.6/bin/postgres"
      },
      "connection_scope": "runner-owned localhost port",
      "current_user": "runner",
      "docker": {},
      "lc_messages": "C",
      "libpq_version": "18.6",
      "locale": "en_US.UTF-8",
      "log_destination": "csvlog,jsonlog",
      "log_error_verbosity": "verbose",
      "log_min_error_statement": "error",
      "log_min_messages": "error",
      "logging_collector": "on",
      "machine": "arm64",
      "max_connections": "100",
      "platform": "macOS-26.6.2-arm64-arm-64bit-Mach-O",
      "psycopg_version": "3.3.5",
      "python_version": "3.14.6 (main, Jun 10 2026, 10:03:53) [Clang 21.0.0 (clang-2100.0.123.102)]",
      "server_encoding": "UTF8",
      "server_version": "18.6 (Homebrew)",
      "server_version_num": "180006",
      "target_kind": "latest",
      "wal_level": "logical"
    },
    "id": "runtime.42602-syntax-latest1.latest",
    "observed": {
      "connection_autocommit": true,
      "diagnostic": {
        "column_name": null,
        "constraint_name": null,
        "context": null,
        "datatype_name": null,
        "exception_type": "InvalidName",
        "internal_position": null,
        "internal_query": null,
        "message_detail": "Labels must be 63 bytes or less.",
        "message_hint": null,
        "message_primary": "invalid enum label \"xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx\"",
        "schema_name": null,
        "severity": "ERROR",
        "severity_nonlocalized": "ERROR",
        "source_file": "pg_enum.c",
        "source_function": "AddEnumLabel",
        "source_line": "316",
        "sqlstate": "42602",
        "statement_position": null,
        "table_name": null,
        "text": "invalid enum label \"xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx\"\nDETAIL:  Labels must be 63 bytes or less."
      },
      "failed_status": "IDLE",
      "labels": [
        "ok",
        "short"
      ],
      "repair_status": "IDLE"
    },
    "raw": "verify/results/42602-syntax-latest1/latest/raw.jsonl",
    "raw_sha256": "c988ffee9e336ad1d472c6caccc9b0620104d8e1cb595537695e43b0a02ee49e",
    "run_id": "42602-syntax-latest1",
    "server_version": "18.6 (Homebrew)",
    "server_version_num": 180006,
    "snippet_registry": {
      "id": "snippet-registry.42602",
      "kind": "local_artifact",
      "path": "verify/cases/42602/snippets.json",
      "sha256": "1da638c492a37be480de277a2aa556293e3095c4060e2486435ee945bb0f5bf8",
      "source_role": "snippet_registry"
    },
    "status": "passed",
    "summary": "verify/results/42602-syntax-latest1/latest/summary.json",
    "summary_sha256": "b36df533d09a92bd9b7cc7b1cba4a566f32e8e91516f030bee1af5016ad35df2",
    "target": "latest"
  },
  "run_id": "42602-syntax-latest1",
  "runtime_id": "runtime.42602-syntax-latest1.latest",
  "server_version": "18.6 (Homebrew)",
  "status": "passed",
  "target": "latest"
}

runtimes · runtime.42602-syntax-pg10.pg10 · 10.21 (Debian 10.21-1.pgdg90+1) · passed

{
  "cases": [],
  "limits": "",
  "position": 1,
  "raw": {
    "assertions": [
      {
        "expected": "42602",
        "name": "42602 SQLSTATE",
        "observed": "42602",
        "passed": true
      },
      {
        "expected": "ERROR",
        "name": "42602 ERROR severity",
        "observed": "ERROR",
        "passed": true
      },
      {
        "expected": "invalid enum label",
        "name": "enum diagnostic identifies invalid label",
        "observed": "invalid enum label \"xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx\"",
        "passed": true
      },
      {
        "expected": "IDLE",
        "name": "invalid enum label leaves session usable",
        "observed": "IDLE",
        "passed": true
      },
      {
        "expected": {
          "labels": [
            "ok",
            "short"
          ],
          "status": "IDLE"
        },
        "name": "short enum label repairs the type",
        "observed": {
          "labels": [
            "ok",
            "short"
          ],
          "status": "IDLE"
        },
        "passed": true
      }
    ],
    "case_manifest": {
      "id": "manifest.42602",
      "kind": "local_artifact",
      "path": "verify/cases/42602/cases.json",
      "sha256": "6fb98d3b2118d3e6d2787cfe9de305ade8f902f706600bcfd447c25377fc8b3f",
      "source_role": "case_manifest"
    },
    "cleanup": {
      "errors": [],
      "passed": true
    },
    "environment": {
      "TimeZone": "Etc/UTC",
      "backend_pid": 79,
      "binary": {},
      "connection_scope": "runner-owned localhost port",
      "current_user": "postgres",
      "docker": {
        "architecture": "arm64",
        "command": "/usr/local/bin/docker",
        "digest": "sha256:b2baf8998630663d21370da06387c950e587071bdd307ee34e661cdcc7442bcc",
        "id": "sha256:b2baf8998630663d21370da06387c950e587071bdd307ee34e661cdcc7442bcc",
        "image": "postgres:10",
        "image_created": "2022-06-23T09:11:18.374607054Z",
        "image_ref": "postgres@sha256:b2baf8998630663d21370da06387c950e587071bdd307ee34e661cdcc7442bcc",
        "log_destination": "csvlog",
        "os": "linux",
        "repo_digests": [
          "postgres@sha256:b2baf8998630663d21370da06387c950e587071bdd307ee34e661cdcc7442bcc"
        ]
      },
      "lc_messages": "en_US.utf8",
      "libpq_version": "18.6",
      "locale": "en_US.UTF-8",
      "log_destination": "csvlog",
      "log_error_verbosity": "verbose",
      "log_min_error_statement": "error",
      "log_min_messages": "error",
      "logging_collector": "on",
      "machine": "arm64",
      "max_connections": "100",
      "platform": "macOS-26.6.2-arm64-arm-64bit-Mach-O",
      "psycopg_version": "3.3.5",
      "python_version": "3.14.6 (main, Jun 10 2026, 10:03:53) [Clang 21.0.0 (clang-2100.0.123.102)]",
      "server_encoding": "UTF8",
      "server_version": "10.21 (Debian 10.21-1.pgdg90+1)",
      "server_version_num": "100021",
      "target_kind": "pg10",
      "wal_level": "logical"
    },
    "id": "runtime.42602-syntax-pg10.pg10",
    "observed": {
      "connection_autocommit": true,
      "diagnostic": {
        "column_name": null,
        "constraint_name": null,
        "context": null,
        "datatype_name": null,
        "exception_type": "InvalidName",
        "internal_position": null,
        "internal_query": null,
        "message_detail": "Labels must be 63 characters or less.",
        "message_hint": null,
        "message_primary": "invalid enum label \"xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx\"",
        "schema_name": null,
        "severity": "ERROR",
        "severity_nonlocalized": "ERROR",
        "source_file": "pg_enum.c",
        "source_function": "AddEnumLabel",
        "source_line": "203",
        "sqlstate": "42602",
        "statement_position": null,
        "table_name": null,
        "text": "invalid enum label \"xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx\"\nDETAIL:  Labels must be 63 characters or less."
      },
      "failed_status": "IDLE",
      "labels": [
        "ok",
        "short"
      ],
      "repair_status": "IDLE"
    },
    "raw": "verify/results/42602-syntax-pg10/pg10/raw.jsonl",
    "raw_sha256": "94427b6b72743e97b1d19bbc159d8600ef94c88701bbc223fc032379f2542a24",
    "run_id": "42602-syntax-pg10",
    "server_version": "10.21 (Debian 10.21-1.pgdg90+1)",
    "server_version_num": 100021,
    "snippet_registry": {
      "id": "snippet-registry.42602",
      "kind": "local_artifact",
      "path": "verify/cases/42602/snippets.json",
      "sha256": "1da638c492a37be480de277a2aa556293e3095c4060e2486435ee945bb0f5bf8",
      "source_role": "snippet_registry"
    },
    "status": "passed",
    "summary": "verify/results/42602-syntax-pg10/pg10/summary.json",
    "summary_sha256": "993f4e2e601a9e1ced9db878a9de987cdef3e1b7f681bd3aa1f5519c7ec72f13",
    "target": "pg10"
  },
  "run_id": "42602-syntax-pg10",
  "runtime_id": "runtime.42602-syntax-pg10.pg10",
  "server_version": "10.21 (Debian 10.21-1.pgdg90+1)",
  "status": "passed",
  "target": "pg10"
}

sources · src.errcodes.18.6

{
  "commit": "724edf9bde9d356724ad384a2e196edc3c9f80f7",
  "docs_url": "",
  "kind": "upstream_source",
  "location": "",
  "path": "src/backend/utils/errcodes.txt",
  "position": 0,
  "sha256": "6e8de346643ba84aa3c9c6a73360acfc7b2dfb89162c06c08ce9bf5bcd5bbcba",
  "source_id": "src.errcodes.18.6",
  "tag": "REL_18_6",
  "url": "https://github.com/postgres/postgres/blob/724edf9bde9d356724ad384a2e196edc3c9f80f7/src/backend/utils/errcodes.txt"
}

sources · src.calls.REL_18_6

{
  "commit": "",
  "docs_url": "",
  "kind": "local_artifact",
  "location": "",
  "path": "raw/calls/REL_18_6.jsonl",
  "position": 1,
  "sha256": "9ee8a0e81d8f0825c5c1ae45583439859a26e602bdd4ce2f2a62aa278867ccbf",
  "source_id": "src.calls.REL_18_6",
  "tag": "",
  "url": ""
}

sources · src.calls.REL_10_23

{
  "commit": "",
  "docs_url": "",
  "kind": "local_artifact",
  "location": "",
  "path": "raw/calls/REL_10_23.jsonl",
  "position": 2,
  "sha256": "00d16d3eb01b71ccf1b245c8f3102f9d0ec9f36fb02777b8dd1b99fcb263040c",
  "source_id": "src.calls.REL_10_23",
  "tag": "",
  "url": ""
}

sources · src.enum-invalid-label.18.6

{
  "commit": "724edf9bde9d356724ad384a2e196edc3c9f80f7",
  "docs_url": "",
  "kind": "upstream_source",
  "location": "",
  "path": "src/backend/catalog/pg_enum.c",
  "position": 3,
  "sha256": "849793e92baf9c0e4e8950f8472e2772289c22c58a4ea93997ef0218d7e4b3fc",
  "source_id": "src.enum-invalid-label.18.6",
  "tag": "REL_18_6",
  "url": "https://github.com/postgres/postgres/blob/724edf9bde9d356724ad384a2e196edc3c9f80f7/src/backend/catalog/pg_enum.c#L312-L316"
}

sources · src.enum-invalid-label.10.23

{
  "commit": "02991e79f8f58bc208f05dcc8af0c62dbe0a6ea4",
  "docs_url": "",
  "kind": "upstream_source",
  "location": "",
  "path": "src/backend/catalog/pg_enum.c",
  "position": 4,
  "sha256": "08076bbd661f4c400cf9741f4cfe89c5b0daf3383e4a3e6ac10f3f8f4bec16a6",
  "source_id": "src.enum-invalid-label.10.23",
  "tag": "REL_10_23",
  "url": "https://github.com/postgres/postgres/blob/02991e79f8f58bc208f05dcc8af0c62dbe0a6ea4/src/backend/catalog/pg_enum.c#L199-L203"
}

sources · manifest.42602

{
  "commit": "",
  "docs_url": "",
  "kind": "local_artifact",
  "location": "",
  "path": "verify/cases/42602/cases.json",
  "position": 5,
  "sha256": "6fb98d3b2118d3e6d2787cfe9de305ade8f902f706600bcfd447c25377fc8b3f",
  "source_id": "manifest.42602",
  "tag": "",
  "url": ""
}

sources · snippet-registry.42602

{
  "commit": "",
  "docs_url": "",
  "kind": "local_artifact",
  "location": "",
  "path": "verify/cases/42602/snippets.json",
  "position": 6,
  "sha256": "1da638c492a37be480de277a2aa556293e3095c4060e2486435ee945bb0f5bf8",
  "source_id": "snippet-registry.42602",
  "tag": "",
  "url": ""
}

来源引用

原始手册引用

完整定义与证据 JSON

定义来源

center · PostgreSQL 18 · english-manuals:1fd497ec80c16098966c38475e4127d13614e85d95c5a5256801ec9b97b9dc9f

正文语言: zh-Hans · english-manuals:1fd497ec80c16098966c38475e4127d13614e85d95c5a5256801ec9b97b9dc9f