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Wiki / SQLSTATE

57P01 — admin_shutdown

管理员关闭服务器或终止后端,会话被断开。

英文手册覆盖始于 PostgreSQL 8.1. 来源历史与运行验证各自保留独立版本边界。

当前阅读 PG 18·选择有来源记录的版本

aliases
未知
class name
Operator Intervention
condition name
admin_shutdown
lang
en
sqlstate
57P01

版本定义 PG 18

57P01

速览 {#at-a-glance}

57P01 表示服务器发起的管理 shutdown 条件。固定核心路径覆盖有序或立即终止客户端、worker/并行终止,以及同步复制等待;后者明确提示本地提交可能早于 standby 复制。

含义 {#meaning}

同一 SQLSTATE 在多个生命周期边界复用,因此 severity 与恢复取决于调用点。立即停止信号路径发送 client-only WARNING 后退出,不运行正常清理;普通客户端管理员命令路径使用 FATAL。同步复制路径使用 WARNING,并带有 detail:The transaction has already committed locally, but might not have been replicated to the standby. 并行和 worker 路径各自使用 FATAL 或 worker 控制流。不能把这些路径互相替代为同一条“业务已提交/已回滚”结论。

消息 {#messages}

  • 立即停止:primary terminating connection due to immediate shutdown command,severity 为 WARNING_CLIENT_ONLY;报告后进程退出。
  • 客户端 backend 管理员命令:primary terminating connection due to administrator command,severity 为 FATAL;连接关闭。
  • 同步复制等待:primary canceling the wait for synchronous replication and terminating connection due to administrator command,severity 为 WARNING,detail 为 The transaction has already committed locally, but might not have been replicated to the standby.。
  • 并行事务:primary postmaster exited during a parallel transaction,severity 为 FATAL。
  • 另一个固定 promotion 等待分支在 FATAL 下报告 terminating connection due to unexpected postmaster exit,context 为 while waiting on promotion。

诊断 {#diagnosis}

关联完整 primary/detail/context、backend PID、管理员或 postmaster 动作、服务器 shutdown/recovery 日志及事务边界。选定运行案例只覆盖客户端 backend 的管理员命令分支,不能证明立即停止、同步复制、worker、并行或 promotion 分支的结果。出现同步复制 detail 时,事务已经在本地提交,而 standby 是否收到仍不确定;该 WARNING 之后原连接仍会终止,不能在旧 session 恢复。重放非幂等操作前应查询持久化状态与复制状态。

处理 {#response}

对 FATAL 或 client-only shutdown 报告,原连接不是事务恢复点:等待服务器 ready,建立新连接,并在重试前检查持久化业务状态或幂等键。同步复制分支要记录本地提交已经发生,并分别确认 standby 接收;WARNING 之后连接会终止,不能在旧 session 恢复。不能假定任何 57P01 路径都留下可用 session。已接受案例中的 fresh SELECT 1 只能证明终止目标后服务器可连接,不能证明中断的业务操作已提交。

实测诊断 {#observed-diagnostics}

选定注册表在 PostgreSQL 18.6 与 10.21 上分别创建 runner-owned victim client backend、不同的 admin session 和 fresh session。admin 核对目标身份,pg_terminate_backend 返回 true。victim 驱动收到 FATAL / 57P01 及 terminating connection due to administrator command 后断开;fresh session 返回 1 并处于 IDLE。这个有界案例不覆盖其他源码分支,也不证明业务提交结果。

代表案例 {#case}

只能使用案例创建的 victim session 返回的 PID,不能替换为任意生产 PID 或 admin 自身 PID。fresh probe 验证的是定向终止后服务器可达。重放非幂等请求前检查持久化业务状态或幂等键。

-- 由案例运行器创建的 victim 会话
SELECT pg_backend_pid();  -- 保存为 :victim_pid
SELECT 1;                 -- 终止前探测

-- admin 会话:记录自身 PID,只使用运行器创建的 victim PID
SELECT pg_backend_pid(); -- 保存为 :admin_pid
SELECT pid, backend_type FROM pg_stat_activity WHERE pid = backend_pid;
SELECT pg_terminate_backend(backend_pid);

-- victim 断开后建立 fresh 会话
SELECT 1;

版本 {#versions}

锁定目录从 7.4 记录此条件;该目录边界不等于精确实现引入版本。固定源码覆盖 PostgreSQL 18.6,选定运行案例另在 PostgreSQL 10.21 观察到。

相关 {#related}

57P02、57P03、40001

来源 {#sources}

src/backend/tcop/postgres.c#L2974-3001

src/backend/tcop/postgres.c#L3354-3356

src/backend/replication/syncrep.c#L283-305

src/backend/access/transam/parallel.c#L932-940

src/backend/access/transam/xlogfuncs.c#L737-741

结构化证据记录保存固定分支及有界运行案例。

比较版本

SQLSTATE 证据与已记录的运行版本

cases · admin_terminate_backend
{
  "assertions": [
    "The terminated backend reports SQLSTATE 57P01 and FATAL administrator-command text",
    "The selected PID is verified as a runner-created client backend and differs from the admin PID",
    "The victim connection closes after termination",
    "A fresh runner connection executes SELECT 1 successfully"
  ],
  "case_id": "admin_terminate_backend",
  "cleanup": "Close all runner connections and drop the case schema with an owner connection.",
  "has_snippet": true,
  "position": 0,
  "preconditions": [
    "A runner-owned disposable target is provisioned.",
    "The victim PID is obtained from the connection being terminated."
  ],
  "repair": "Treat the old connection as unusable after administrator termination; inspect the operation outcome and establish a fresh connection before continuing.",
  "trigger": "Create a runner client session, terminate only its backend PID from a separate runner session, and reconnect.",
  "versions": [
    "10",
    "18"
  ]
}
claims · identity
{
  "claim_id": "identity",
  "limits": "",
  "method": "Read fixed definition.",
  "position": 0,
  "runtime": [],
  "sources": [
    "src.errcodes.18.6"
  ],
  "statement": "57P01 is admin_shutdown in SQLSTATE Class 57."
}
claims · resolved-paths
{
  "claim_id": "resolved-paths",
  "limits": "Source confirmation is not natural runtime.",
  "method": "Read complete fixed source contexts.",
  "position": 1,
  "runtime": [],
  "sources": [
    "src.path.0",
    "src.path.1",
    "src.path.2",
    "src.path.3",
    "src.path.4"
  ],
  "statement": "The cited PostgreSQL 18.6 source paths support the concrete phase, message, and lifecycle boundary described."
}
claims · history
{
  "claim_id": "history",
  "limits": "",
  "method": "Use catalogue boundary.",
  "position": 2,
  "runtime": [],
  "sources": [
    "src.errcodes.18.6"
  ],
  "statement": "The locked catalogue records 57P01 from 7.4; that boundary does not prove exact implementation introduction."
}
claims · runtime.representative-case
{
  "claim_id": "runtime.representative-case",
  "limits": "This is one bounded mechanism; it does not establish every source branch or business outcome.",
  "method": "Execute the shared registry and inspect the selected summaries.",
  "position": 3,
  "runtime": [
    "runtime.ops-57p01-latest-2.latest",
    "runtime.ops-57p01-pg10-1.pg10"
  ],
  "sources": [
    "runtime.ops-57p01-latest-2.latest",
    "runtime.ops-57p01-pg10-1.pg10",
    "manifest.57P01",
    "snippet-registry.57P01"
  ],
  "statement": "The admin_terminate_backend case passed on PostgreSQL 18.6 and 10.21 with SQLSTATE, severity or disconnect outcome, recovery/repair, cleanup, and isolated-target stop assertions."
}
messages · message.0
{
  "limits": "",
  "message_id": "message.0",
  "path": "",
  "position": 0,
  "raw": {
    "id": "message.0",
    "primary_template": "terminating connection due to immediate shutdown command",
    "severity_source": "WARNING_CLIENT_ONLY (client-visible warning; process exits after reporting)",
    "sources": [
      "src.path.0"
    ],
    "sqlstate": "57P01"
  },
  "severity": "WARNING_CLIENT_ONLY (client-visible warning; process exits after reporting)",
  "sources": [
    "src.path.0"
  ],
  "templates": [
    {
      "kind": "primary",
      "literal": "terminating connection due to immediate shutdown command",
      "position": 0,
      "role": "",
      "template": "terminating connection due to immediate shutdown command"
    }
  ]
}
messages · message.1
{
  "limits": "",
  "message_id": "message.1",
  "path": "",
  "position": 1,
  "raw": {
    "id": "message.1",
    "primary_template": "terminating connection due to administrator command",
    "severity_source": "FATAL",
    "sources": [
      "src.path.1"
    ],
    "sqlstate": "57P01"
  },
  "severity": "FATAL",
  "sources": [
    "src.path.1"
  ],
  "templates": [
    {
      "kind": "primary",
      "literal": "terminating connection due to administrator command",
      "position": 0,
      "role": "",
      "template": "terminating connection due to administrator command"
    }
  ]
}
messages · message.2
{
  "limits": "",
  "message_id": "message.2",
  "path": "",
  "position": 2,
  "raw": {
    "detail_template": "The transaction has already committed locally, but might not have been replicated to the standby.",
    "id": "message.2",
    "primary_template": "canceling the wait for synchronous replication and terminating connection due to administrator command",
    "severity_source": "WARNING",
    "sources": [
      "src.path.2"
    ],
    "sqlstate": "57P01"
  },
  "severity": "WARNING",
  "sources": [
    "src.path.2"
  ],
  "templates": [
    {
      "kind": "primary",
      "literal": "canceling the wait for synchronous replication and terminating connection due to administrator command",
      "position": 0,
      "role": "",
      "template": "canceling the wait for synchronous replication and terminating connection due to administrator command"
    },
    {
      "kind": "detail",
      "literal": "The transaction has already committed locally, but might not have been replicated to the standby.",
      "position": 1,
      "role": "",
      "template": "The transaction has already committed locally, but might not have been replicated to the standby."
    }
  ]
}
messages · message.3
{
  "limits": "",
  "message_id": "message.3",
  "path": "",
  "position": 3,
  "raw": {
    "id": "message.3",
    "primary_template": "postmaster exited during a parallel transaction",
    "severity_source": "FATAL",
    "sources": [
      "src.path.3"
    ],
    "sqlstate": "57P01"
  },
  "severity": "FATAL",
  "sources": [
    "src.path.3"
  ],
  "templates": [
    {
      "kind": "primary",
      "literal": "postmaster exited during a parallel transaction",
      "position": 0,
      "role": "",
      "template": "postmaster exited during a parallel transaction"
    }
  ]
}
messages · message.4
{
  "limits": "",
  "message_id": "message.4",
  "path": "",
  "position": 4,
  "raw": {
    "context_template": "while waiting on promotion",
    "id": "message.4",
    "primary_template": "terminating connection due to unexpected postmaster exit",
    "severity_source": "FATAL",
    "sources": [
      "src.path.4"
    ],
    "sqlstate": "57P01"
  },
  "severity": "FATAL",
  "sources": [
    "src.path.4"
  ],
  "templates": [
    {
      "kind": "primary",
      "literal": "terminating connection due to unexpected postmaster exit",
      "position": 0,
      "role": "",
      "template": "terminating connection due to unexpected postmaster exit"
    },
    {
      "kind": "context",
      "literal": "while waiting on promotion",
      "position": 1,
      "role": "",
      "template": "while waiting on promotion"
    }
  ]
}
runtimes · runtime.ops-57p01-latest-2.latest · 18.6 (Homebrew) · passed
{
  "cases": [
    "admin_terminate_backend"
  ],
  "limits": "",
  "position": 0,
  "raw": {
    "assertions": [
      {
        "expected": "57P01",
        "name": "57P01 SQLSTATE",
        "observed": "57P01",
        "passed": true
      },
      {
        "expected": "FATAL",
        "name": "57P01 FATAL severity",
        "observed": "FATAL",
        "passed": true
      },
      {
        "expected": {
          "admin_pid_distinct": true,
          "backend_type": "client backend",
          "pid": 44110
        },
        "name": "victim was a runner client backend",
        "observed": {
          "admin_pid": 44111,
          "identity": [
            44110,
            "client backend"
          ],
          "victim_pid": 44110
        },
        "passed": true
      },
      {
        "expected": true,
        "name": "pg_terminate_backend confirms termination",
        "observed": true,
        "passed": true
      },
      {
        "expected": {
          "message": "terminating connection due to administrator command",
          "severity": "FATAL"
        },
        "name": "terminated driver reports FATAL admin shutdown",
        "observed": {
          "driver": {
            "column_name": null,
            "constraint_name": null,
            "context": null,
            "datatype_name": null,
            "exception_type": "AdminShutdown",
            "internal_position": null,
            "internal_query": null,
            "message_detail": null,
            "message_hint": null,
            "message_primary": "terminating connection due to administrator command",
            "schema_name": null,
            "severity": "FATAL",
            "severity_nonlocalized": "FATAL",
            "source_file": "postgres.c",
            "source_function": "ProcessInterrupts",
            "source_line": "3356",
            "sqlstate": "57P01",
            "statement_position": null,
            "table_name": null,
            "text": "terminating connection due to administrator command"
          },
          "message": "terminating connection due to administrator command",
          "severity": "FATAL"
        },
        "passed": true
      },
      {
        "expected": true,
        "name": "terminated victim connection is closed",
        "observed": true,
        "passed": true
      },
      {
        "expected": {
          "admin_status": "IDLE",
          "fresh": 1,
          "fresh_status": "IDLE",
          "victim_before": 1
        },
        "name": "fresh connection recovers after targeted termination",
        "observed": {
          "admin_status": "IDLE",
          "fresh": 1,
          "fresh_status": "IDLE",
          "victim_before": 1
        },
        "passed": true
      }
    ],
    "case_manifest": {
      "id": "manifest.57P01",
      "kind": "local_artifact",
      "path": "verify/cases/57P01/cases.json",
      "source_role": "case_manifest"
    },
    "cases": [
      "admin_terminate_backend"
    ],
    "cleanup": {
      "errors": [],
      "passed": true
    },
    "environment": {
      "connection_scope": "runner-owned localhost port",
      "current_user": "runner",
      "libpq_version": "18.6",
      "log_destination": "csvlog,jsonlog",
      "log_error_verbosity": "verbose",
      "psycopg_version": "3.3.5",
      "server_version": "18.6 (Homebrew)",
      "server_version_num": "180006",
      "target_kind": "latest"
    },
    "id": "runtime.ops-57p01-latest-2.latest",
    "observed": {
      "admin_pid": "distinct admin PID",
      "admin_status": "IDLE",
      "backend_identity": [
        "runner-created victim",
        "client backend"
      ],
      "driver_diagnostic": {
        "column_name": null,
        "constraint_name": null,
        "context": null,
        "datatype_name": null,
        "exception_type": "AdminShutdown",
        "internal_position": null,
        "internal_query": null,
        "message_detail": null,
        "message_hint": null,
        "message_primary": "terminating connection due to administrator command",
        "schema_name": null,
        "severity": "FATAL",
        "severity_nonlocalized": "FATAL",
        "source_file": "postgres.c",
        "source_function": "ProcessInterrupts",
        "source_line": "3356",
        "sqlstate": "57P01",
        "statement_position": null,
        "table_name": null,
        "text": "terminating connection due to administrator command"
      },
      "fresh_probe": 1,
      "fresh_status": "IDLE",
      "terminate_result": true,
      "termination_scope": "Only the runner-created client backend PID was targeted; the target postmaster and unrelated sessions were not targeted.",
      "victim_connection_closed": true,
      "victim_pid": "runner-created victim PID",
      "victim_probe_before": 1
    },
    "raw": "verify/results/ops-57p01-latest-2/latest/raw.jsonl",
    "raw_sha256": "af36e671c47c60a79b375f939a35abd8fcc1c1276362ca6c1f344ee90f18ab61",
    "run_id": "ops-57p01-latest-2",
    "server_version": "18.6 (Homebrew)",
    "server_version_num": 180006,
    "snippet_registry": {
      "id": "snippet-registry.57P01",
      "kind": "local_artifact",
      "path": "verify/cases/57P01/snippets.json",
      "sha256": "114acc382b3918b4151994d137f245e0de3a7ea8cc194bf053eff4926626f3d1",
      "source_role": "snippet_registry"
    },
    "status": "passed",
    "summary": "verify/results/ops-57p01-latest-2/latest/summary.json",
    "summary_sha256": "3bb14b5b69013d2eae2eff3288abce3c8a03ebe37eb91f2cc1102b9554236ec0",
    "target": "latest"
  },
  "run_id": "ops-57p01-latest-2",
  "runtime_id": "runtime.ops-57p01-latest-2.latest",
  "server_version": "18.6 (Homebrew)",
  "status": "passed",
  "target": "latest"
}
runtimes · runtime.ops-57p01-pg10-1.pg10 · 10.21 (Debian 10.21-1.pgdg90+1) · passed
{
  "cases": [
    "admin_terminate_backend"
  ],
  "limits": "",
  "position": 1,
  "raw": {
    "assertions": [
      {
        "expected": "57P01",
        "name": "57P01 SQLSTATE",
        "observed": "57P01",
        "passed": true
      },
      {
        "expected": "FATAL",
        "name": "57P01 FATAL severity",
        "observed": "FATAL",
        "passed": true
      },
      {
        "expected": {
          "admin_pid_distinct": true,
          "backend_type": "client backend",
          "pid": 81
        },
        "name": "victim was a runner client backend",
        "observed": {
          "admin_pid": 82,
          "identity": [
            81,
            "client backend"
          ],
          "victim_pid": 81
        },
        "passed": true
      },
      {
        "expected": true,
        "name": "pg_terminate_backend confirms termination",
        "observed": true,
        "passed": true
      },
      {
        "expected": {
          "message": "terminating connection due to administrator command",
          "severity": "FATAL"
        },
        "name": "terminated driver reports FATAL admin shutdown",
        "observed": {
          "driver": {
            "column_name": null,
            "constraint_name": null,
            "context": null,
            "datatype_name": null,
            "exception_type": "AdminShutdown",
            "internal_position": null,
            "internal_query": null,
            "message_detail": null,
            "message_hint": null,
            "message_primary": "terminating connection due to administrator command",
            "schema_name": null,
            "severity": "FATAL",
            "severity_nonlocalized": "FATAL",
            "source_file": "postgres.c",
            "source_function": "ProcessInterrupts",
            "source_line": "2931",
            "sqlstate": "57P01",
            "statement_position": null,
            "table_name": null,
            "text": "terminating connection due to administrator command"
          },
          "message": "terminating connection due to administrator command",
          "severity": "FATAL"
        },
        "passed": true
      },
      {
        "expected": true,
        "name": "terminated victim connection is closed",
        "observed": true,
        "passed": true
      },
      {
        "expected": {
          "admin_status": "IDLE",
          "fresh": 1,
          "fresh_status": "IDLE",
          "victim_before": 1
        },
        "name": "fresh connection recovers after targeted termination",
        "observed": {
          "admin_status": "IDLE",
          "fresh": 1,
          "fresh_status": "IDLE",
          "victim_before": 1
        },
        "passed": true
      }
    ],
    "case_manifest": {
      "id": "manifest.57P01",
      "kind": "local_artifact",
      "path": "verify/cases/57P01/cases.json",
      "source_role": "case_manifest"
    },
    "cases": [
      "admin_terminate_backend"
    ],
    "cleanup": {
      "errors": [],
      "passed": true
    },
    "environment": {
      "connection_scope": "runner-owned localhost port",
      "current_user": "postgres",
      "libpq_version": "18.6",
      "log_destination": "csvlog",
      "log_error_verbosity": "verbose",
      "psycopg_version": "3.3.5",
      "server_version": "10.21 (Debian 10.21-1.pgdg90+1)",
      "server_version_num": "100021",
      "target_kind": "pg10"
    },
    "id": "runtime.ops-57p01-pg10-1.pg10",
    "observed": {
      "admin_pid": "distinct admin PID",
      "admin_status": "IDLE",
      "backend_identity": [
        "runner-created victim",
        "client backend"
      ],
      "driver_diagnostic": {
        "column_name": null,
        "constraint_name": null,
        "context": null,
        "datatype_name": null,
        "exception_type": "AdminShutdown",
        "internal_position": null,
        "internal_query": null,
        "message_detail": null,
        "message_hint": null,
        "message_primary": "terminating connection due to administrator command",
        "schema_name": null,
        "severity": "FATAL",
        "severity_nonlocalized": "FATAL",
        "source_file": "postgres.c",
        "source_function": "ProcessInterrupts",
        "source_line": "2931",
        "sqlstate": "57P01",
        "statement_position": null,
        "table_name": null,
        "text": "terminating connection due to administrator command"
      },
      "fresh_probe": 1,
      "fresh_status": "IDLE",
      "terminate_result": true,
      "termination_scope": "Only the runner-created client backend PID was targeted; the target postmaster and unrelated sessions were not targeted.",
      "victim_connection_closed": true,
      "victim_pid": "runner-created victim PID",
      "victim_probe_before": 1
    },
    "raw": "verify/results/ops-57p01-pg10-1/pg10/raw.jsonl",
    "raw_sha256": "d48f7bfdbedd98370ac1c10a36ae95bff1cec34b740baf258508e3c4fdd4ec6f",
    "run_id": "ops-57p01-pg10-1",
    "server_version": "10.21 (Debian 10.21-1.pgdg90+1)",
    "server_version_num": 100021,
    "snippet_registry": {
      "id": "snippet-registry.57P01",
      "kind": "local_artifact",
      "path": "verify/cases/57P01/snippets.json",
      "sha256": "114acc382b3918b4151994d137f245e0de3a7ea8cc194bf053eff4926626f3d1",
      "source_role": "snippet_registry"
    },
    "status": "passed",
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来源引用

完整定义与证据 JSON

定义来源

center · PostgreSQL 18 · english-manuals:0c1facf76df09f6c2994042c2c18955e14ef6e9654f2c2fc57ae191b472643b6

正文语言: zh-Hans · english-manuals:0c1facf76df09f6c2994042c2c18955e14ef6e9654f2c2fc57ae191b472643b6