macaddr8
MAC (Media Access Control) address (EUI-64 format)
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- Catalog name
- pg_catalog.macaddr8
- Type OID
- 774
- Type kind
- Base type
- Declared length
- 8 bytes
- Storage strategy
- plain
- Input function
- macaddr8_in
- Output function
- macaddr8_out
- Documented declaration
- macaddr8
- Storage Size
- 8 bytes
- Manual description
- MAC addresses (EUI-64 format)
- aliases
- 未知
- casts
- map[castcontext:i castfunc:macaddr8 castmethod:f castsource:macaddr casttarget:macaddr8], map[castcontext:i castfunc:macaddr castmethod:f castsource:macaddr8 casttarget:macaddr]
- coverage
- source inventory; exact declared input types for operator classes
- manual documentation
- dedicated family chapter
- manual path
- datatype-net-types.html
- ranges
- 未知
- signature
- macaddr8
版本定义 PG 18
8.9. Network Address Types
PostgreSQL offers data types to store IPv4, IPv6, and MAC addresses, as shown in Table 8.21. It is better to use these types instead of plain text types to store network addresses, because these types offer input error checking and specialized operators and functions (see Section 9.12).
Table 8.21. Network Address Types
| Name | Storage Size | Description |
|---|---|---|
cidr |
7 or 19 bytes | IPv4 and IPv6 networks |
inet |
7 or 19 bytes | IPv4 and IPv6 hosts and networks |
macaddr |
6 bytes | MAC addresses |
macaddr8 |
8 bytes | MAC addresses (EUI-64 format) |
When sorting inet or cidr data types, IPv4 addresses will always sort before IPv6 addresses, including IPv4 addresses encapsulated or mapped to IPv6 addresses, such as ::10.2.3.4 or ::ffff:10.4.3.2.
8.9.1. inet
The inet type holds an IPv4 or IPv6 host address, and optionally its subnet, all in one field. The subnet is represented by the number of network address bits present in the host address (the “netmask”). If the netmask is 32 and the address is IPv4, then the value does not indicate a subnet, only a single host. In IPv6, the address length is 128 bits, so 128 bits specify a unique host address. Note that if you want to accept only networks, you should use the cidr type rather than inet.
The input format for this type is address/y where address is an IPv4 or IPv6 address and y is the number of bits in the netmask. If the /y portion is omitted, the netmask is taken to be 32 for IPv4 or 128 for IPv6, so the value represents just a single host. On display, the /y portion is suppressed if the netmask specifies a single host.
8.9.2. cidr
The cidr type holds an IPv4 or IPv6 network specification. Input and output formats follow Classless Internet Domain Routing conventions. The format for specifying networks is address/y where address is the network's lowest address represented as an IPv4 or IPv6 address, and y is the number of bits in the netmask. If y is omitted, it is calculated using assumptions from the older classful network numbering system, except it will be at least large enough to include all of the octets written in the input. It is an error to specify a network address that has bits set to the right of the specified netmask.
Table 8.22 shows some examples.
Table 8.22. cidr Type Input Examples
cidr Input |
cidr Output |
|
|---|---|---|
| 192.168.100.128/25 | 192.168.100.128/25 | 192.168.100.128/25 |
| 192.168/24 | 192.168.0.0/24 | 192.168.0/24 |
| 192.168/25 | 192.168.0.0/25 | 192.168.0.0/25 |
| 192.168.1 | 192.168.1.0/24 | 192.168.1/24 |
| 192.168 | 192.168.0.0/24 | 192.168.0/24 |
| 128.1 | 128.1.0.0/16 | 128.1/16 |
| 128 | 128.0.0.0/16 | 128.0/16 |
| 128.1.2 | 128.1.2.0/24 | 128.1.2/24 |
| 10.1.2 | 10.1.2.0/24 | 10.1.2/24 |
| 10.1 | 10.1.0.0/16 | 10.1/16 |
| 10 | 10.0.0.0/8 | 10/8 |
| 10.1.2.3/32 | 10.1.2.3/32 | 10.1.2.3/32 |
| 2001:4f8:3:ba::/64 | 2001:4f8:3:ba::/64 | 2001:4f8:3:ba/64 |
| 2001:4f8:3:ba:2e0:81ff:fe22:d1f1/128 | 2001:4f8:3:ba:2e0:81ff:fe22:d1f1/128 | 2001:4f8:3:ba:2e0:81ff:fe22:d1f1/128 |
| ::ffff:1.2.3.0/120 | ::ffff:1.2.3.0/120 | ::ffff:1.2.3/120 |
| ::ffff:1.2.3.0/128 | ::ffff:1.2.3.0/128 | ::ffff:1.2.3.0/128 |
8.9.3. inet vs. cidr
The essential difference between inet and cidr data types is that inet accepts values with nonzero bits to the right of the netmask, whereas cidr does not. For example, 192.168.0.1/24 is valid for inet but not for cidr.
Tip
If you do not like the output format for inet or cidr values, try the functions host, text, and abbrev.
8.9.4. macaddr
The macaddr type stores MAC addresses, known for example from Ethernet card hardware addresses (although MAC addresses are used for other purposes as well). Input is accepted in the following formats:
'08:00:2b:01:02:03' |
'08-00-2b-01-02-03' |
'08002b:010203' |
'08002b-010203' |
'0800.2b01.0203' |
'0800-2b01-0203' |
'08002b010203' |
These examples all specify the same address. Upper and lower case is accepted for the digits a through f. Output is always in the first of the forms shown.
IEEE Standard 802-2001 specifies the second form shown (with hyphens) as the canonical form for MAC addresses, and specifies the first form (with colons) as used with bit-reversed, MSB-first notation, so that 08-00-2b-01-02-03 = 10:00:D4:80:40:C0. This convention is widely ignored nowadays, and it is relevant only for obsolete network protocols (such as Token Ring). PostgreSQL makes no provisions for bit reversal; all accepted formats use the canonical LSB order.
The remaining five input formats are not part of any standard.
8.9.5. macaddr8
The macaddr8 type stores MAC addresses in EUI-64 format, known for example from Ethernet card hardware addresses (although MAC addresses are used for other purposes as well). This type can accept both 6 and 8 byte length MAC addresses and stores them in 8 byte length format. MAC addresses given in 6 byte format will be stored in 8 byte length format with the 4th and 5th bytes set to FF and FE, respectively. Note that IPv6 uses a modified EUI-64 format where the 7th bit should be set to one after the conversion from EUI-48. The function macaddr8_set7bit is provided to make this change. Generally speaking, any input which is comprised of pairs of hex digits (on byte boundaries), optionally separated consistently by one of ':', '-' or '.', is accepted. The number of hex digits must be either 16 (8 bytes) or 12 (6 bytes). Leading and trailing whitespace is ignored. The following are examples of input formats that are accepted:
'08:00:2b:01:02:03:04:05' |
'08-00-2b-01-02-03-04-05' |
'08002b:0102030405' |
'08002b-0102030405' |
'0800.2b01.0203.0405' |
'0800-2b01-0203-0405' |
'08002b01:02030405' |
'08002b0102030405' |
These examples all specify the same address. Upper and lower case is accepted for the digits a through f. Output is always in the first of the forms shown.
The last six input formats shown above are not part of any standard.
To convert a traditional 48 bit MAC address in EUI-48 format to modified EUI-64 format to be included as the host portion of an IPv6 address, use macaddr8_set7bit as shown:
SELECT macaddr8_set7bit('08:00:2b:01:02:03');
macaddr8_set7bit
-------------------------
0a:00:2b:ff:fe:01:02:03
(1 row)
比较版本
完整来源事实
catalog
{"array_type_name":"_macaddr8","array_type_oid":"775","descr":"XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX, MAC address","oid":"774","typacl":"_null_","typalign":"i","typanalyze":"-","typarray":"0","typbasetype":"0","typbyval":"f","typcategory":"U","typcollation":"0","typdefault":"_null_","typdefaultbin":"_null_","typdelim":"','","typelem":"0","typinput":"macaddr8_in","typisdefined":"t","typispreferred":"f","typlen":"8","typmodin":"-","typmodout":"-","typname":"macaddr8","typnamespace":"pg_catalog","typndims":"0","typnotnull":"f","typoutput":"macaddr8_out","typowner":"POSTGRES","typreceive":"macaddr8_recv","typrelid":"0","typsend":"macaddr8_send","typstorage":"p","typsubscript":"-","typtype":"b","typtypmod":"-1"}operator classes
map[opcdefault:t opcfamily:btree/macaddr8_ops opcintype:macaddr8 opckeytype:0 opcmethod:btree opcname:macaddr8_ops opcnamespace:pg_catalog opcowner:POSTGRES], map[opcdefault:t opcfamily:hash/macaddr8_ops opcintype:macaddr8 opckeytype:0 opcmethod:hash opcname:macaddr8_ops opcnamespace:pg_catalog opcowner:POSTGRES], map[opcdefault:t opcfamily:brin/macaddr8_minmax_ops opcintype:macaddr8 opckeytype:macaddr8 opcmethod:brin opcname:macaddr8_minmax_ops opcnamespace:pg_catalog opcowner:POSTGRES], map[opcdefault:f opcfamily:brin/macaddr8_minmax_multi_ops opcintype:macaddr8 opckeytype:macaddr8 opcmethod:brin opcname:macaddr8_minmax_multi_ops opcnamespace:pg_catalog opcowner:POSTGRES], map[opcdefault:f opcfamily:brin/macaddr8_bloom_ops opcintype:macaddr8 opckeytype:macaddr8 opcmethod:brin opcname:macaddr8_bloom_ops opcnamespace:pg_catalog opcowner:POSTGRES]
operators
map[descr:equal oid:3362 oprcanhash:t oprcanmerge:t oprcode:macaddr8_eq oprcom:=(macaddr8,macaddr8) oprjoin:eqjoinsel oprkind:b oprleft:macaddr8 oprname:= oprnamespace:pg_catalog oprnegate:<>(macaddr8,macaddr8) oprowner:POSTGRES oprrest:eqsel oprresult:bool oprright:macaddr8], map[descr:not equal oid:3363 oprcanhash:f oprcanmerge:f oprcode:macaddr8_ne oprcom:<>(macaddr8,macaddr8) oprjoin:neqjoinsel oprkind:b oprleft:macaddr8 oprname:<> oprnamespace:pg_catalog oprnegate:=(macaddr8,macaddr8) oprowner:POSTGRES oprrest:neqsel oprresult:bool oprright:macaddr8], map[descr:less than oid:3364 oprcanhash:f oprcanmerge:f oprcode:macaddr8_lt oprcom:>(macaddr8,macaddr8) oprjoin:scalarltjoinsel oprkind:b oprleft:macaddr8 oprname:< oprnamespace:pg_catalog oprnegate:>=(macaddr8,macaddr8) oprowner:POSTGRES oprrest:scalarltsel oprresult:bool oprright:macaddr8], map[descr:less than or equal oid:3365 oprcanhash:f oprcanmerge:f oprcode:macaddr8_le oprcom:>=(macaddr8,macaddr8) oprjoin:scalarlejoinsel oprkind:b oprleft:macaddr8 oprname:<= oprnamespace:pg_catalog oprnegate:>(macaddr8,macaddr8) oprowner:POSTGRES oprrest:scalarlesel oprresult:bool oprright:macaddr8], map[descr:greater than oid:3366 oprcanhash:f oprcanmerge:f oprcode:macaddr8_gt oprcom:<(macaddr8,macaddr8) oprjoin:scalargtjoinsel oprkind:b oprleft:macaddr8 oprname:> oprnamespace:pg_catalog oprnegate:<=(macaddr8,macaddr8) oprowner:POSTGRES oprrest:scalargtsel oprresult:bool oprright:macaddr8], map[descr:greater than or equal oid:3367 oprcanhash:f oprcanmerge:f oprcode:macaddr8_ge oprcom:<=(macaddr8,macaddr8) oprjoin:scalargejoinsel oprkind:b oprleft:macaddr8 oprname:>= oprnamespace:pg_catalog oprnegate:<(macaddr8,macaddr8) oprowner:POSTGRES oprrest:scalargesel oprresult:bool oprright:macaddr8], map[descr:bitwise not oid:3368 oprcanhash:f oprcanmerge:f oprcode:macaddr8_not oprcom:0 oprjoin:- oprkind:l oprleft:0 oprname:~ oprnamespace:pg_catalog oprnegate:0 oprowner:POSTGRES oprrest:- oprresult:macaddr8 oprright:macaddr8], map[descr:bitwise and oid:3369 oprcanhash:f oprcanmerge:f oprcode:macaddr8_and oprcom:0 oprjoin:- oprkind:b oprleft:macaddr8 oprname:& oprnamespace:pg_catalog oprnegate:0 oprowner:POSTGRES oprrest:- oprresult:macaddr8 oprright:macaddr8], map[descr:bitwise or oid:3370 oprcanhash:f oprcanmerge:f oprcode:macaddr8_or oprcom:0 oprjoin:- oprkind:b oprleft:macaddr8 oprname:| oprnamespace:pg_catalog oprnegate:0 oprowner:POSTGRES oprrest:- oprresult:macaddr8 oprright:macaddr8]
来源引用
定义来源
center · PostgreSQL 18 · 555610c24d53e4316da5b7d3fc25c279d96856d5e0e23ee308c328c5fa881d9f
正文语言: en · 555610c24d53e4316da5b7d3fc25c279d96856d5e0e23ee308c328c5fa881d9f