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default

default word parser

Reading PostgreSQL 18.6.

Description

default word parser

Prsnamespace
pg_catalog
Prsname
default
Prsstart
prsd_start
Prstoken
prsd_nexttoken
Prsend
prsd_end
Prsheadline
prsd_headline
Prslextype
prsd_lextype

Parser token types

Token IDAliasDescription
1asciiwordWord, all ASCII
2wordWord, all letters
3numwordWord, letters and digits
4emailEmail address
5urlURL
6hostHost
7sfloatScientific notation
8versionVersion number
9hword_numpartHyphenated word part, letters and digits
10hword_partHyphenated word part, all letters
11hword_asciipartHyphenated word part, all ASCII
12blankSpace symbols
13tagXML tag
14protocolProtocol head
15numhwordHyphenated word, letters and digits
16asciihwordHyphenated word, all ASCII
17hwordHyphenated word, all letters
18url_pathURL path
19fileFile or path name
20floatDecimal notation
21intSigned integer
22uintUnsigned integer
23entityXML entity

Manual definition

12.5. Parsers

Text search parsers are responsible for splitting raw document text into tokens and identifying each token's type, where the set of possible types is defined by the parser itself. Note that a parser does not modify the text at all — it simply identifies plausible word boundaries. Because of this limited scope, there is less need for application-specific custom parsers than there is for custom dictionaries. At present PostgreSQL provides just one built-in parser, which has been found to be useful for a wide range of applications.

The built-in parser is named pg_catalog.default. It recognizes 23 token types, shown in Table 12.1.

Table 12.1. Default Parser's Token Types

Alias Description Example
asciiword Word, all ASCII letters elephant
word Word, all letters mañana
numword Word, letters and digits beta1
asciihword Hyphenated word, all ASCII up-to-date
hword Hyphenated word, all letters lógico-matemática
numhword Hyphenated word, letters and digits postgresql-beta1
hword_asciipart Hyphenated word part, all ASCII postgresql in the context postgresql-beta1
hword_part Hyphenated word part, all letters lógico or matemática in the context lógico-matemática
hword_numpart Hyphenated word part, letters and digits beta1 in the context postgresql-beta1
email Email address foo@example.com
protocol Protocol head http://
url URL example.com/stuff/index.html
host Host example.com
url_path URL path /stuff/index.html, in the context of a URL
file File or path name /usr/local/foo.txt, if not within a URL
sfloat Scientific notation -1.234e56
float Decimal notation -1.234
int Signed integer -1234
uint Unsigned integer 1234
version Version number 8.3.0
tag XML tag <a href="dictionaries.html">
entity XML entity &amp;
blank Space symbols (any whitespace or punctuation not otherwise recognized)

Note

The parser's notion of a “letter” is determined by the database's locale setting, specifically lc_ctype. Words containing only the basic ASCII letters are reported as a separate token type, since it is sometimes useful to distinguish them. In most European languages, token types word and asciiword should be treated alike.

email does not support all valid email characters as defined by RFC 5322. Specifically, the only non-alphanumeric characters supported for email user names are period, dash, and underscore.

tag does not support all valid tag names as defined by W3C Recommendation, XML. Specifically, the only tag names supported are those starting with an ASCII letter, underscore, or colon, and containing only letters, digits, hyphens, underscores, periods, and colons. tag also includes XML comments starting with <!-- and ending with -->, and XML declarations (but note that this includes anything starting with <?x and ending with >).

It is possible for the parser to produce overlapping tokens from the same piece of text. As an example, a hyphenated word will be reported both as the entire word and as each component:

SELECT alias, description, token FROM ts_debug('foo-bar-beta1');
      alias      |               description                |     token
-----------------+------------------------------------------+---------------
 numhword        | Hyphenated word, letters and digits      | foo-bar-beta1
 hword_asciipart | Hyphenated word part, all ASCII          | foo
 blank           | Space symbols                            | -
 hword_asciipart | Hyphenated word part, all ASCII          | bar
 blank           | Space symbols                            | -
 hword_numpart   | Hyphenated word part, letters and digits | beta1

This behavior is desirable since it allows searches to work for both the whole compound word and for components. Here is another instructive example:

SELECT alias, description, token FROM ts_debug('http://example.com/stuff/index.html');
  alias   |  description  |            token
----------+---------------+------------------------------
 protocol | Protocol head | http://
 url      | URL           | example.com/stuff/index.html
 host     | Host          | example.com
 url_path | URL path      | /stuff/index.html

Documentation and source

Source build
Version
18.6
Build
https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v18.6/postgresql-18.6.tar.bz2
Source fingerprint
555610c24d53e4316da5b7d3fc25c279d96856d5e0e23ee308c328c5fa881d9f

Compare versions

PostgreSQL 17 → 18: unchanged.

Compares recorded interfaces and attributes. Source fingerprints and build metadata are excluded; an absent sample is not proof of the introduction or removal release.

Export JSON · Back to Text Search Components · Recorded in PostgreSQL 10 through 20; the first sample is not necessarily its introduction.