↑↓ 选择↵ 打开⌫ 切换范围完整搜索

PG.CENTER 连接 PostgreSQL 文档、百科与生态知识。由 Pigsty 维护。

Wiki / SQLSTATE

42601 — 语法错误（syntax_error）

SQL 语句存在语法错误，解析器拒绝执行。

英文手册覆盖始于 PostgreSQL 8.1. 来源历史与运行验证各自保留独立版本边界。

当前阅读 PG 18·选择有来源记录的版本

8.18.28.38.49.09.19.29.39.49.59.61011121314151617181920
aliases
未知
class name
Syntax Error or Access Rule Violation
condition name
syntax_error
lang
en
sqlstate
42601

版本定义 PG 18

42601 — 语法错误

速览 {#at-a-glance}

SQLSTATE 42601 是 Class 42 中的 syntax_error。42601 表示语法错误。选定的解析器路径拒绝 LIMIT 1, 2，主报文为 LIMIT #,# syntax is not supported，提示为 Use separate LIMIT and OFFSET clauses.。

含义 {#meaning}

42601 表示语法错误。选定的 gram.y 分支在解析阶段拒绝逗号写法，发出 ERROR 主报文 LIMIT #,# syntax is not supported 和提示 Use separate LIMIT and OFFSET clauses. 因此在 PostgreSQL 中逗号写法不是“跳过 1 行再取 2 行”的请求；两个数必须分别写成两个子句。

扫描器和语法分析器共同实现一般的 42601 路径。scanner_yyerror 设置 SQLSTATE：当前位置仍有 token 时报告 syntax error at or near "%s"，扫描器到达输入缓冲区末尾时报告 syntax error at end of input，并附带词法位置。语法动作也可以通过同一格式化路径提供更具体的报文。选定的 LIMIT 分支只是其中一个 producer，并不是所有 42601 都必须包含它。

诊断 {#diagnosis}

记录完整语句、解析位置、服务器版本和提示。对于 at or near，检查 POSITION 指向的 token 及其前面的文本；对于 at end of input，检查未闭合的引号、美元引号、括号、注释或生成的子句。保留 query builder 实际发送的字节（包括分隔符和替换片段），先把完整语句交给服务器解析，再改变语义。解析器在执行前拒绝该语法，因此选定的自动提交会话仍为 IDLE，失败语句不会产生行。在显式事务中，同样的语句级 ERROR 会让事务进入失败状态，直到 ROLLBACK 或合适的保存点操作；这与选定的自动提交观察是不同的会话边界。不要把语法错误与对象不存在或“已识别但当前上下文不支持”的功能混淆。

处理 {#response}

按提示改写语法。对选定的三行有序查询，应把 LIMIT 1, 2 改为 LIMIT 2 OFFSET 1，结果为 [2, 3]；LIMIT 1 OFFSET 0 会产生不同结果，不能作为等价修复。生成分页 SQL 的查询构造器应按方言处理。

对于一般扫描器错误，应按位置修复缺失或错放的 token、引号、注释分隔符或 query builder 片段，然后重新解析完整语句。不能因为另一个 42601 也使用同一 SQLSTATE，就套用 LIMIT 改写。

报文 {#messages}

选定解析器分支以明确的 ERROR 发出主报文 LIMIT #,# syntax is not supported 和 HINT Use separate LIMIT and OFFSET clauses. 扫描器的固定一般分支使用 syntax error at or near "%s" 或 syntax error at end of input，位置由词法扫描器生成。LIMIT 主报文/HINT 只能识别选定的分页子路径；只有客户端异常而没有该具体分支的服务器 SQLSTATE 和诊断时，不能识别该子路径，而其他合法 42601 producer 可以有不同主报文。

代表案例 {#case}

本页使用与运行器注册表相同的语句。执行时，syntax_schema、syntax_role 等生成名称会替换为一次性实例中的实际值。

SELECT n FROM generate_series(1, 3) AS s(n) ORDER BY n LIMIT 1, 2;
SELECT n FROM generate_series(1, 3) AS s(n) ORDER BY n LIMIT 2 OFFSET 1;

选定的 18.6 运行记录结构化诊断并通过修复断言；10.21 运行通过同一案例的具体检查。可下载的案例和证据投影分别是 42601 案例 JSON 和 作者证据。运行器清单为 verify/cases/42601/cases.json，页面 SQL 会与共享注册表核对。

版本 {#versions}

选定的自然运行范围是 PostgreSQL 18.6 与 10.21，不能据此推断所有中间版本的行为。

相关 {#related}

来源 {#sources}

  • src.errcodes.18.6 — fixed errcodes.txt definition at commit 724edf9bde9d356724ad384a2e196edc3c9f80f7; SHA-256 6e8de346643ba84aa3c9c6a73360acfc7b2dfb89162c06c08ce9bf5bcd5bbcba (source).
  • src.limit-comma.18.6 — src/backend/parser/gram.y at REL_18_6 commit 724edf9bde9d356724ad384a2e196edc3c9f80f7; fixed blob SHA-256 7e548b673a1e03eb3a56c5eb9ad92d8e11095fac76e14cb258ca851f58274724 (source).
  • src.limit-comma.10.23 — src/backend/parser/gram.y at REL_10_23 commit 02991e79f8f58bc208f05dcc8af0c62dbe0a6ea4; fixed blob SHA-256 cebad6a5a2bdf68e9e5a4d2e04fa7f5dbf37efac99f5edb73cc661dae1536bad (source).
  • src.scanner-syntax.18.6 / src.scanner-syntax.10.23 — fixed src/backend/parser/scan.l scanner_yyerror 分支处理 at end of input 和 at or near；blob SHA-256 bf453f1ae3c22b84fea6f8e8bed4fda476b7cfa49b234efbf92ca228234d0293 / a006581a25c659d59b29837010617503ff431f881e3cf0b54a99aa1cc445fe6c (18.6 source, 10.23 source).
  • src.calls.REL_18_6 / src.calls.REL_10_23 — fixed call scans, SHA-256 9ee8a0e81d8f0825c5c1ae45583439859a26e602bdd4ce2f2a62aa278867ccbf / 00d16d3eb01b71ccf1b245c8f3102f9d0ec9f36fb02777b8dd1b99fcb263040c.

比较版本

SQLSTATE 证据与已记录的运行版本

cases · syntax_limit_comma
{
  "assertions": [
    "SQLSTATE is 42601 with the LIMIT #,# diagnostic",
    "The autocommit session remains IDLE",
    "Separate LIMIT and OFFSET syntax returns the second and third rows [2, 3]"
  ],
  "case_id": "syntax_limit_comma",
  "cleanup": "No persistent objects; close the runner connection.",
  "has_snippet": true,
  "position": 0,
  "preconditions": [
    "A runner-owned disposable target is provisioned with a deterministic three-row ordered query."
  ],
  "repair": "Use separate LIMIT and OFFSET clauses as indicated by the server hint.",
  "trigger": "Execute the unsupported comma form over ordered rows: SELECT n FROM generate_series(1, 3) AS s(n) ORDER BY n LIMIT 1, 2.",
  "versions": [
    "10",
    "18"
  ]
}
claims · identity.class-and-condition
{
  "claim_id": "identity.class-and-condition",
  "limits": "Directory identity does not identify every backend path.",
  "method": "Read fixed errcodes.txt and the locked catalogue metadata.",
  "position": 0,
  "runtime": [],
  "sources": [
    "src.errcodes.18.6"
  ],
  "statement": "42601 is the syntax_error condition in Class 42."
}
claims · mechanism.backend-path
{
  "claim_id": "mechanism.backend-path",
  "limits": "Other calls can use the same SQLSTATE with different context or dynamic fields.",
  "method": "Trace the resolved REL_18_6 and REL_10_23 source call records at the locked commits.",
  "position": 1,
  "runtime": [],
  "sources": [
    "src.limit-comma.18.6",
    "src.limit-comma.10.23",
    "src.scanner-syntax.18.6",
    "src.scanner-syntax.10.23"
  ],
  "statement": "The fixed source calls for 42601 include the mechanism and message boundary selected for this page."
}
claims · mechanism.scanner-error
{
  "claim_id": "mechanism.scanner-error",
  "limits": "This source branch is separate from the selected LIMIT runtime; grammar actions can supply more specific primary text.",
  "method": "Read scanner_yyerror and scanner_errposition in the fixed REL_18_6 and REL_10_23 scan.l sources.",
  "position": 2,
  "runtime": [],
  "sources": [
    "src.scanner-syntax.18.6",
    "src.scanner-syntax.10.23"
  ],
  "statement": "The fixed scanner formats generic syntax errors as at-or-near-token or end-of-input errors and attaches a lexer position."
}
claims · runtime.representative-case
{
  "claim_id": "runtime.representative-case",
  "limits": "This covers the selected case and targets only; it does not generalize to all drivers or intermediate releases.",
  "method": "Run the shared registry case and inspect structured diagnostics, state/recovery assertions, and cleanup.",
  "position": 3,
  "runtime": [
    "runtime.42601-pagination-semantics-latest.latest",
    "runtime.42601-pagination-semantics-pg10.pg10"
  ],
  "sources": [
    "manifest.42601",
    "snippet-registry.42601"
  ],
  "statement": "The selected syntax_limit_comma case passed on isolated PostgreSQL 18.6 and 10.21 targets."
}
claims · versions.catalogue-boundary
{
  "claim_id": "versions.catalogue-boundary",
  "limits": "Definition presence is not an exact behavioral introduction.",
  "method": "Read generated facts and selected summaries.",
  "position": 4,
  "runtime": [],
  "sources": [
    "src.errcodes.18.6",
    "src.calls.REL_18_6",
    "src.calls.REL_10_23"
  ],
  "statement": "The locked catalogue records 42601; runtime scope is limited to the selected targets."
}
messages · message.limit-comma
{
  "limits": "",
  "message_id": "message.limit-comma",
  "path": "",
  "position": 0,
  "raw": {
    "hint_template": "Use separate LIMIT and OFFSET clauses.",
    "id": "message.limit-comma",
    "primary_template": "LIMIT #,# syntax is not supported",
    "severity_source": "explicit ERROR",
    "sources": [
      "src.limit-comma.18.6",
      "src.limit-comma.10.23"
    ],
    "sqlstate": "42601"
  },
  "severity": "explicit ERROR",
  "sources": [
    "src.limit-comma.18.6",
    "src.limit-comma.10.23"
  ],
  "templates": [
    {
      "kind": "primary",
      "literal": "LIMIT #,# syntax is not supported",
      "position": 0,
      "role": "",
      "template": "LIMIT #,# syntax is not supported"
    },
    {
      "kind": "hint",
      "literal": "Use separate LIMIT and OFFSET clauses.",
      "position": 1,
      "role": "",
      "template": "Use separate LIMIT and OFFSET clauses."
    }
  ]
}
messages · message.scanner-generic
{
  "limits": "The scanner inserts the grammar/lexer message and dynamic token; these variants are source-only in this batch.",
  "message_id": "message.scanner-generic",
  "path": "",
  "position": 1,
  "raw": {
    "id": "message.scanner-generic",
    "limits": "The scanner inserts the grammar/lexer message and dynamic token; these variants are source-only in this batch.",
    "primary_variants": [
      "syntax error at or near \"%s\"",
      "syntax error at end of input"
    ],
    "severity_source": "explicit ERROR",
    "sources": [
      "src.scanner-syntax.18.6",
      "src.scanner-syntax.10.23"
    ],
    "sqlstate": "42601"
  },
  "severity": "explicit ERROR",
  "sources": [
    "src.scanner-syntax.18.6",
    "src.scanner-syntax.10.23"
  ],
  "templates": [
    {
      "kind": "primary",
      "literal": "syntax error at or near \" \"",
      "position": 0,
      "role": "",
      "template": "syntax error at or near \"%s\""
    },
    {
      "kind": "primary",
      "literal": "syntax error at end of input",
      "position": 1,
      "role": "",
      "template": "syntax error at end of input"
    }
  ]
}
runtimes · runtime.42601-pagination-semantics-latest.latest · 18.6 (Homebrew) · passed
{
  "cases": [],
  "limits": "",
  "position": 0,
  "raw": {
    "assertions": [
      {
        "expected": "42601",
        "name": "42601 SQLSTATE",
        "observed": "42601",
        "passed": true
      },
      {
        "expected": "ERROR",
        "name": "42601 ERROR severity",
        "observed": "ERROR",
        "passed": true
      },
      {
        "expected": "LIMIT #,# syntax is not supported",
        "name": "42601 primary diagnostic",
        "observed": "LIMIT #,# syntax is not supported",
        "passed": true
      },
      {
        "expected": "IDLE",
        "name": "syntax error leaves autocommit session usable",
        "observed": "IDLE",
        "passed": true
      },
      {
        "expected": {
          "rows": [
            2,
            3
          ],
          "status": "IDLE"
        },
        "name": "separate LIMIT/OFFSET preserves offset/count semantics",
        "observed": {
          "rows": [
            2,
            3
          ],
          "status": "IDLE"
        },
        "passed": true
      }
    ],
    "case_manifest": {
      "id": "manifest.42601",
      "kind": "local_artifact",
      "path": "verify/cases/42601/cases.json",
      "sha256": "c6588aaa200ad4c3e553eb4f9cddc4d052ec68dbbe5018c8eb3966c4c3eb723c",
      "source_role": "case_manifest"
    },
    "cleanup": {
      "errors": [],
      "passed": true
    },
    "environment": {
      "TimeZone": "Asia/Shanghai",
      "backend_pid": 21158,
      "binary": {
        "bindir": "/opt/homebrew/Cellar/postgresql@18/18.6/bin",
        "pg_config": "/opt/homebrew/bin/pg_config",
        "pg_config_version": "PostgreSQL 18.6 (Homebrew)",
        "postgres": "/opt/homebrew/Cellar/postgresql@18/18.6/bin/postgres"
      },
      "connection_scope": "runner-owned localhost port",
      "current_user": "runner",
      "docker": {},
      "lc_messages": "C",
      "libpq_version": "18.6",
      "locale": "en_US.UTF-8",
      "log_destination": "csvlog,jsonlog",
      "log_error_verbosity": "verbose",
      "log_min_error_statement": "error",
      "log_min_messages": "error",
      "logging_collector": "on",
      "machine": "arm64",
      "max_connections": "100",
      "platform": "macOS-26.6.2-arm64-arm-64bit-Mach-O",
      "psycopg_version": "3.3.5",
      "python_version": "3.14.6 (main, Jun 10 2026, 10:03:53) [Clang 21.0.0 (clang-2100.0.123.102)]",
      "server_encoding": "UTF8",
      "server_version": "18.6 (Homebrew)",
      "server_version_num": "180006",
      "target_kind": "latest",
      "wal_level": "logical"
    },
    "id": "runtime.42601-pagination-semantics-latest.latest",
    "observed": {
      "connection_autocommit": true,
      "diagnostic": {
        "column_name": null,
        "constraint_name": null,
        "context": null,
        "datatype_name": null,
        "exception_type": "SyntaxError",
        "internal_position": null,
        "internal_query": null,
        "message_detail": null,
        "message_hint": "Use separate LIMIT and OFFSET clauses.",
        "message_primary": "LIMIT #,# syntax is not supported",
        "schema_name": null,
        "severity": "ERROR",
        "severity_nonlocalized": "ERROR",
        "source_file": "gram.y",
        "source_function": "base_yyparse",
        "source_line": "13317",
        "sqlstate": "42601",
        "statement_position": "56",
        "table_name": null,
        "text": "LIMIT #,# syntax is not supported\nLINE 1: ...T n FROM generate_series(1, 3) AS s(n) ORDER BY n LIMIT 1, 2\n                                                             ^\nHINT:  Use separate LIMIT and OFFSET clauses."
      },
      "failed_status": "IDLE",
      "repair_rows": [
        2,
        3
      ],
      "repair_status": "IDLE"
    },
    "raw": "verify/results/42601-pagination-semantics-latest/latest/raw.jsonl",
    "raw_sha256": "8a3fbabfae0f11a4a85d25c1dae94f0d602e072670492c0c6576d2270594f671",
    "run_id": "42601-pagination-semantics-latest",
    "server_version": "18.6 (Homebrew)",
    "server_version_num": 180006,
    "snippet_registry": {
      "id": "snippet-registry.42601",
      "kind": "local_artifact",
      "path": "verify/cases/42601/snippets.json",
      "sha256": "b3558d4c9d87beb77b205a3e505e35f2371cdb38cb270b3dd2c4c8a446fe0bc2",
      "source_role": "snippet_registry"
    },
    "status": "passed",
    "summary": "verify/results/42601-pagination-semantics-latest/latest/summary.json",
    "summary_sha256": "d4b448d2e517a150ad0f7ced48ed48114bbb94e8fb2eaca389203555f6882b0d",
    "target": "latest"
  },
  "run_id": "42601-pagination-semantics-latest",
  "runtime_id": "runtime.42601-pagination-semantics-latest.latest",
  "server_version": "18.6 (Homebrew)",
  "status": "passed",
  "target": "latest"
}
runtimes · runtime.42601-pagination-semantics-pg10.pg10 · 10.21 (Debian 10.21-1.pgdg90+1) · passed
{
  "cases": [],
  "limits": "",
  "position": 1,
  "raw": {
    "assertions": [
      {
        "expected": "42601",
        "name": "42601 SQLSTATE",
        "observed": "42601",
        "passed": true
      },
      {
        "expected": "ERROR",
        "name": "42601 ERROR severity",
        "observed": "ERROR",
        "passed": true
      },
      {
        "expected": "LIMIT #,# syntax is not supported",
        "name": "42601 primary diagnostic",
        "observed": "LIMIT #,# syntax is not supported",
        "passed": true
      },
      {
        "expected": "IDLE",
        "name": "syntax error leaves autocommit session usable",
        "observed": "IDLE",
        "passed": true
      },
      {
        "expected": {
          "status": "IDLE",
          "value": 1
        },
        "name": "separate LIMIT/OFFSET syntax succeeds",
        "observed": {
          "status": "IDLE",
          "value": 1
        },
        "passed": true
      }
    ],
    "case_manifest": {
      "id": "manifest.42601",
      "kind": "local_artifact",
      "path": "verify/cases/42601/cases.json",
      "sha256": "c6588aaa200ad4c3e553eb4f9cddc4d052ec68dbbe5018c8eb3966c4c3eb723c",
      "source_role": "case_manifest"
    },
    "cleanup": {
      "errors": [],
      "passed": true
    },
    "environment": {
      "TimeZone": "Etc/UTC",
      "backend_pid": 79,
      "binary": {},
      "connection_scope": "runner-owned localhost port",
      "current_user": "postgres",
      "docker": {
        "architecture": "arm64",
        "command": "/usr/local/bin/docker",
        "digest": "sha256:b2baf8998630663d21370da06387c950e587071bdd307ee34e661cdcc7442bcc",
        "id": "sha256:b2baf8998630663d21370da06387c950e587071bdd307ee34e661cdcc7442bcc",
        "image": "postgres:10",
        "image_created": "2022-06-23T09:11:18.374607054Z",
        "image_ref": "postgres@sha256:b2baf8998630663d21370da06387c950e587071bdd307ee34e661cdcc7442bcc",
        "log_destination": "csvlog",
        "os": "linux",
        "repo_digests": [
          "postgres@sha256:b2baf8998630663d21370da06387c950e587071bdd307ee34e661cdcc7442bcc"
        ]
      },
      "lc_messages": "en_US.utf8",
      "libpq_version": "18.6",
      "locale": "en_US.UTF-8",
      "log_destination": "csvlog",
      "log_error_verbosity": "verbose",
      "log_min_error_statement": "error",
      "log_min_messages": "error",
      "logging_collector": "on",
      "machine": "arm64",
      "max_connections": "100",
      "platform": "macOS-26.6.2-arm64-arm-64bit-Mach-O",
      "psycopg_version": "3.3.5",
      "python_version": "3.14.6 (main, Jun 10 2026, 10:03:53) [Clang 21.0.0 (clang-2100.0.123.102)]",
      "server_encoding": "UTF8",
      "server_version": "10.21 (Debian 10.21-1.pgdg90+1)",
      "server_version_num": "100021",
      "target_kind": "pg10",
      "wal_level": "logical"
    },
    "id": "runtime.42601-pagination-semantics-pg10.pg10",
    "observed": {
      "connection_autocommit": true,
      "diagnostic": {
        "column_name": null,
        "constraint_name": null,
        "context": null,
        "datatype_name": null,
        "exception_type": "SyntaxError",
        "internal_position": null,
        "internal_query": null,
        "message_detail": null,
        "message_hint": "Use separate LIMIT and OFFSET clauses.",
        "message_primary": "LIMIT #,# syntax is not supported",
        "schema_name": null,
        "severity": "ERROR",
        "severity_nonlocalized": "ERROR",
        "source_file": "gram.y",
        "source_function": "base_yyparse",
        "source_line": "11203",
        "sqlstate": "42601",
        "statement_position": "56",
        "table_name": null,
        "text": "LIMIT #,# syntax is not supported\nLINE 1: ...T n FROM generate_series(1, 3) AS s(n) ORDER BY n LIMIT 1, 2\n                                                             ^\nHINT:  Use separate LIMIT and OFFSET clauses."
      },
      "failed_status": "IDLE",
      "repair_rows": [
        2,
        3
      ],
      "repair_status": "IDLE"
    },
    "raw": "verify/results/42601-pagination-semantics-pg10/pg10/raw.jsonl",
    "raw_sha256": "65a78ef75fe67cd99fa8d10bdb32b3203d487153368178c98200220df41a8980",
    "run_id": "42601-pagination-semantics-pg10",
    "server_version": "10.21 (Debian 10.21-1.pgdg90+1)",
    "server_version_num": 100021,
    "snippet_registry": {
      "id": "snippet-registry.42601",
      "kind": "local_artifact",
      "path": "verify/cases/42601/snippets.json",
      "sha256": "b3558d4c9d87beb77b205a3e505e35f2371cdb38cb270b3dd2c4c8a446fe0bc2",
      "source_role": "snippet_registry"
    },
    "status": "passed",
    "summary": "verify/results/42601-pagination-semantics-pg10/pg10/summary.json",
    "summary_sha256": "bd30ee0ec5a9797ddeec5689cd4b511ca294bdcfe26dcfdaf8c0db3f6ea4c864",
    "target": "pg10"
  },
  "run_id": "42601-pagination-semantics-pg10",
  "runtime_id": "runtime.42601-pagination-semantics-pg10.pg10",
  "server_version": "10.21 (Debian 10.21-1.pgdg90+1)",
  "status": "passed",
  "target": "pg10"
}
sources · src.errcodes.18.6
{
  "commit": "724edf9bde9d356724ad384a2e196edc3c9f80f7",
  "docs_url": "",
  "kind": "upstream_source",
  "location": "",
  "path": "src/backend/utils/errcodes.txt",
  "position": 0,
  "sha256": "6e8de346643ba84aa3c9c6a73360acfc7b2dfb89162c06c08ce9bf5bcd5bbcba",
  "source_id": "src.errcodes.18.6",
  "tag": "REL_18_6",
  "url": "https://github.com/postgres/postgres/blob/724edf9bde9d356724ad384a2e196edc3c9f80f7/src/backend/utils/errcodes.txt"
}
sources · src.calls.REL_18_6
{
  "commit": "",
  "docs_url": "",
  "kind": "local_artifact",
  "location": "",
  "path": "raw/calls/REL_18_6.jsonl",
  "position": 1,
  "sha256": "9ee8a0e81d8f0825c5c1ae45583439859a26e602bdd4ce2f2a62aa278867ccbf",
  "source_id": "src.calls.REL_18_6",
  "tag": "",
  "url": ""
}
sources · src.calls.REL_10_23
{
  "commit": "",
  "docs_url": "",
  "kind": "local_artifact",
  "location": "",
  "path": "raw/calls/REL_10_23.jsonl",
  "position": 2,
  "sha256": "00d16d3eb01b71ccf1b245c8f3102f9d0ec9f36fb02777b8dd1b99fcb263040c",
  "source_id": "src.calls.REL_10_23",
  "tag": "",
  "url": ""
}
sources · src.limit-comma.18.6
{
  "commit": "724edf9bde9d356724ad384a2e196edc3c9f80f7",
  "docs_url": "",
  "kind": "upstream_source",
  "location": "",
  "path": "src/backend/parser/gram.y",
  "position": 3,
  "sha256": "7e548b673a1e03eb3a56c5eb9ad92d8e11095fac76e14cb258ca851f58274724",
  "source_id": "src.limit-comma.18.6",
  "tag": "REL_18_6",
  "url": "https://github.com/postgres/postgres/blob/724edf9bde9d356724ad384a2e196edc3c9f80f7/src/backend/parser/gram.y#L13313-L13317"
}
sources · src.limit-comma.10.23
{
  "commit": "02991e79f8f58bc208f05dcc8af0c62dbe0a6ea4",
  "docs_url": "",
  "kind": "upstream_source",
  "location": "",
  "path": "src/backend/parser/gram.y",
  "position": 4,
  "sha256": "cebad6a5a2bdf68e9e5a4d2e04fa7f5dbf37efac99f5edb73cc661dae1536bad",
  "source_id": "src.limit-comma.10.23",
  "tag": "REL_10_23",
  "url": "https://github.com/postgres/postgres/blob/02991e79f8f58bc208f05dcc8af0c62dbe0a6ea4/src/backend/parser/gram.y#L11200-L11204"
}
sources · src.scanner-syntax.18.6
{
  "commit": "724edf9bde9d356724ad384a2e196edc3c9f80f7",
  "docs_url": "",
  "kind": "upstream_source",
  "location": "",
  "path": "src/backend/parser/scan.l",
  "position": 5,
  "sha256": "bf453f1ae3c22b84fea6f8e8bed4fda476b7cfa49b234efbf92ca228234d0293",
  "source_id": "src.scanner-syntax.18.6",
  "tag": "REL_18_6",
  "url": "https://github.com/postgres/postgres/blob/724edf9bde9d356724ad384a2e196edc3c9f80f7/src/backend/parser/scan.l#L1228-L1240"
}
sources · src.scanner-syntax.10.23
{
  "commit": "02991e79f8f58bc208f05dcc8af0c62dbe0a6ea4",
  "docs_url": "",
  "kind": "upstream_source",
  "location": "",
  "path": "src/backend/parser/scan.l",
  "position": 6,
  "sha256": "a006581a25c659d59b29837010617503ff431f881e3cf0b54a99aa1cc445fe6c",
  "source_id": "src.scanner-syntax.10.23",
  "tag": "REL_10_23",
  "url": "https://github.com/postgres/postgres/blob/02991e79f8f58bc208f05dcc8af0c62dbe0a6ea4/src/backend/parser/scan.l#L1115-L1127"
}
sources · manifest.42601
{
  "commit": "",
  "docs_url": "",
  "kind": "local_artifact",
  "location": "",
  "path": "verify/cases/42601/cases.json",
  "position": 7,
  "sha256": "c6588aaa200ad4c3e553eb4f9cddc4d052ec68dbbe5018c8eb3966c4c3eb723c",
  "source_id": "manifest.42601",
  "tag": "",
  "url": ""
}
sources · snippet-registry.42601
{
  "commit": "",
  "docs_url": "",
  "kind": "local_artifact",
  "location": "",
  "path": "verify/cases/42601/snippets.json",
  "position": 8,
  "sha256": "b3558d4c9d87beb77b205a3e505e35f2371cdb38cb270b3dd2c4c8a446fe0bc2",
  "source_id": "snippet-registry.42601",
  "tag": "",
  "url": ""
}

来源引用

完整定义与证据 JSON

定义来源

center · PostgreSQL 18 · english-manuals:89a3a188a94978d0c564bbd90d235b44e83ff044af019d3a5eb8762e277af58d

正文语言: zh-Hans · english-manuals:89a3a188a94978d0c564bbd90d235b44e83ff044af019d3a5eb8762e277af58d